A researcher's ability to infer causality or test a theory on the basis of nonreactive data is unlimited.

The trash left in the theater after a movie is over and items in a garbage dump are examples of

Secondary analysis is a special case of content analysis; it is the re-analysis of previously collected survey or other data that were originally collected by others.

A social indicators is any measure of social well being used in policy. An example of a social indicator is the FBI's uniform crime index.

Refer to the following paragraph to answer the questions below. Dr. Simpson conducted a content analysis of The New York Times between 1980 and 2000. She first identified relevant articles involving government regulation of business. After finding 2,000 such articles, she systematically sampled articles with a sampling interval of 5. She then coded each sampled article based on the subjective meaning it expressed, as pro- or anti-government regulation, using a 1 to 10 scale (1 = very anti-regulation, 10 = very pro-regulation). In this study, Dr Simpson used ____ to identify articles as pro- or anti-government regulation,

Existing statistics research is best for topics that involve information collected by large bureaucratic organizations both public and private.

Coding the visible, surface content in a text is called manifest coding

Professor Hague counts the total number of people and the percentage who are Hispanic in a sample of 400 TV commercials shown during a one month on two Miami Stations. She wants to see whether the percentage of Hispanic people in commercials equals, is greater than, or is less than, the percentage of Hispanic people in the area population. She is using

A researcher uses latent coding (also known as semantic analysis) and looks for the underlying, implicit meaning in the content of a text.

Erosion Measures are where the measures are deposits of something left behind.

Compared to latent coding in content analysis, manifest coding seems to have

Accretion Measures are where selective wear is used as a measure.

The critical thing about nonreactive or unobtrusive measure (i.e., measures tha are not obtrusive or intrusive) that the people being studied are not aware of it but leave evidence of their social behavior or actions "naturally."

Professor Huang codes the number Of times the Word "sex" is used in commercials. She is examining

Experiments and survey research are both reactive; that is, the people being studied are aware of that fact. However, content analysis is a nonreactive research methodology.