Geol 102 - Environmental Geology » Spring 2020 » Final Exam
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Question #1
What is a major product of combustion for all hydrocarbons?
A.
nitrous oxide
B.
oxygen
C.
hydrogen
D.
carbon dioxide
E.
nitrogen
Question #2
During an ice age, sea level would have been relatively lower than it is today.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #3
The construction of jetties, groins or breakwaters interrupts the longshore current.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #4
El Nino events occur roughly every 4 to 7 years due to a reversal of Pacific trade winds.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #5
If dams were constructed on all the streams leading to a shoreline all of the following would be expected to happen to the coast except?
A.
Coastal erosion would increase.
B.
Beaches would get smaller or even disappear.
C.
Barrier islands would retreat and decrease in size.
D.
An increase in the number of tsunamis.
E.
Sand bars and spits would decrease in size.
Question #6
Why do most tsunamis occur in the Pacific basin?
A.
because more meteors hit in the Pacific Ocean than other oceans
B.
because the Pacific Ocean is the biggest ocean
C.
because the Pacific basin is surrounded by active plate boundaries
D.
because the volcanic Hawaiian Islands are located there
E.
because the Pacific Ocean is the deepest ocean
Question #7
Why is crushed limestone used in the remediation of sulfide waste rock?
A.
The limestone converts to marble and can be sold.
B.
Native grasses and plants grow directly out of the limestone.
C.
The limestone forms a highly impermeable barrier.
D.
The sulfide waste rock will oxidize into limestone.
E.
The limestone neutralizes the acid that forms.
Question #8
What kind of process produces banded iron formations?
A.
sedimentary
B.
metamorphic
C.
igneous
D.
weathering
E.
hydrothermal
Question #9
What is contaminated water that drains out of a solid waste disposal site called?
A.
artesian water
B.
leachate
C.
hazardous waste
D.
sewage effluent
E.
hydroponic fluid
Question #10
How would you characterize the wave in this photo and what does it tell you about the slope of the associated seafloor?
A.
Plunging breaker; relatively gradual slope
B.
Spilling breaker; relatively steep slope
C.
Surging breaker; abrupt shallows
D.
Spilling breaker; relatively gradual slope
E.
Plunging breaker; relatively steep slope
Question #11
What force is thought to be an important cause of plate tectonic motion?
A.
thermal convection currents
B.
Earth tides
C.
earthquakes
D.
shear strain
E.
volcanic eruptions
Question #12
Which property of minerals is variable and therefore the least reliable as a clue in identifying a mineral type?
A.
crystal form
B.
color
C.
hardness
D.
cleavage
E.
luster
Question #13
How much more energy does a magnitude 8 earthquake release than a magnitude 6 earthquake?
A.
2 times more
B.
30 times more
C.
10 times more
D.
27,000 times more
E.
900 times more
Question #14
This photo is of The San Andreas Fault Zone in the Carrizo Plain. What kind of fault is represented here?
A.
Reverse fault
B.
Right-lateral strike-slip fault
C.
Left-lateral strike-slip fault
D.
Normal fault
Question #15
Which type of seismic wave is most responsible for damage?
A.
body waves
B.
surface waves
C.
P-waves
D.
S-waves
E.
sonar
Question #16
The bands or warm dry air at 30 degrees north and south latitudes are due to the air compressing as it descends.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #17
The Earth's ozone layer is responsible for shielding Earth's surface from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #18
When pH increases, the water becomes more acidic.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #19
What is this photo an example of?
A.
shoaling
B.
longshore current
C.
tidal wave
D.
rip current
E.
wave refraction
Question #20
Flood control measures such as dams, retaining basins, floodwalls and artificial levees may increase flood risk.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #21
Lots of cosmogenic isotopes on the surface of a rock indicate a high erosion rate.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #22
What kind of structures are illustrated in this photo?
A.
mooring
B.
groins
C.
seawall
D.
jetties
E.
breakwater
Question #23
What is the boundary between the zone of aeration and zone of saturation called?
A.
Aquifer zone
B.
Porosity layer
C.
Capillary fringe
D.
Water table
Question #24
Which of the following uses of water has the greatest potential for reuse?
A.
Agricultural irrigation
B.
Power generation
C.
Hydraulic fracturing for gas
D.
Tar sand extraction for oil
Question #25
Which of the following has the greatest albedo?
A.
fresh concrete
B.
grasslands
C.
snow and ice
D.
ocean water
E.
sandy deserts
Question #26
Reading the top graph from left to right, what kinds of seismic waves are responsible for the first series of wavy lines on this seismogram?
A.
Surface waves
B.
Rayleigh waves
C.
S-waves
D.
Love waves
E.
P-waves
Question #27
Which type of seismic body-wave can through solids, liquids and gases?
A.
Rayleigh
B.
Love
C.
Secondary
D.
Primary
Question #28
Shield volcanoes are associated with Hawaiian-style eruptions.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #29
What allows ice to float?
A.
Adhesion of ice is lower than the adhesion of liquid water.
B.
Density of ice is lower than the density of liquid water.
C.
Heat capacity of ice is lower than the heat capacity of liquid water.
D.
Cohesion of ice is lower than the cohesion of liquid water.
E.
Surface tension of ice is lower than the surface tension of liquid water.
Question #30
What kind of fault do the associated figures represent?
A.
Left-lateral strike-slip fault
B.
Reverse fault
C.
Normal fault
D.
Right-lateral strike-slip fault
Question #31
Steams that add water to the underlying groundwater resource are called which of the following?
A.
losing streams
B.
gaining streams
C.
perennial streams
D.
altruistic streams
E.
rejuvenated streams
Question #32
What is a rock or soil mass that lacks permeability by definition called?
A.
conglomerate
B.
aquanaut
C.
sandstone
D.
aquifer
E.
aquiclude
Question #33
What percentage of the world's energy supplies is consumed by the U.S.?
A.
75%
B.
10%
C.
5%
D.
50%
E.
25%
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