Geol 102 - Environmental Geology » Spring 2020 » Final Exam
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Question #1
What is a major product of combustion for all hydrocarbons?
A.
nitrous oxide
B.
nitrogen
C.
carbon dioxide
D.
oxygen
E.
hydrogen
Question #2
During an ice age, sea level would have been relatively lower than it is today.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #3
The construction of jetties, groins or breakwaters interrupts the longshore current.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #4
El Nino events occur roughly every 4 to 7 years due to a reversal of Pacific trade winds.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #5
If dams were constructed on all the streams leading to a shoreline all of the following would be expected to happen to the coast except?
A.
Sand bars and spits would decrease in size.
B.
Beaches would get smaller or even disappear.
C.
Coastal erosion would increase.
D.
An increase in the number of tsunamis.
E.
Barrier islands would retreat and decrease in size.
Question #6
Why do most tsunamis occur in the Pacific basin?
A.
because the Pacific basin is surrounded by active plate boundaries
B.
because the Pacific Ocean is the deepest ocean
C.
because more meteors hit in the Pacific Ocean than other oceans
D.
because the volcanic Hawaiian Islands are located there
E.
because the Pacific Ocean is the biggest ocean
Question #7
Why is crushed limestone used in the remediation of sulfide waste rock?
A.
The limestone neutralizes the acid that forms.
B.
Native grasses and plants grow directly out of the limestone.
C.
The sulfide waste rock will oxidize into limestone.
D.
The limestone converts to marble and can be sold.
E.
The limestone forms a highly impermeable barrier.
Question #8
What kind of process produces banded iron formations?
A.
metamorphic
B.
sedimentary
C.
hydrothermal
D.
igneous
E.
weathering
Question #9
What is contaminated water that drains out of a solid waste disposal site called?
A.
leachate
B.
sewage effluent
C.
hydroponic fluid
D.
artesian water
E.
hazardous waste
Question #10
How would you characterize the wave in this photo and what does it tell you about the slope of the associated seafloor?
A.
Surging breaker; abrupt shallows
B.
Plunging breaker; relatively gradual slope
C.
Spilling breaker; relatively steep slope
D.
Plunging breaker; relatively steep slope
E.
Spilling breaker; relatively gradual slope
Question #11
What force is thought to be an important cause of plate tectonic motion?
A.
earthquakes
B.
Earth tides
C.
shear strain
D.
thermal convection currents
E.
volcanic eruptions
Question #12
Which property of minerals is variable and therefore the least reliable as a clue in identifying a mineral type?
A.
color
B.
cleavage
C.
crystal form
D.
hardness
E.
luster
Question #13
How much more energy does a magnitude 8 earthquake release than a magnitude 6 earthquake?
A.
2 times more
B.
10 times more
C.
27,000 times more
D.
900 times more
E.
30 times more
Question #14
This photo is of The San Andreas Fault Zone in the Carrizo Plain. What kind of fault is represented here?
A.
Left-lateral strike-slip fault
B.
Reverse fault
C.
Right-lateral strike-slip fault
D.
Normal fault
Question #15
Which type of seismic wave is most responsible for damage?
A.
sonar
B.
P-waves
C.
surface waves
D.
body waves
E.
S-waves
Question #16
The bands or warm dry air at 30 degrees north and south latitudes are due to the air compressing as it descends.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #17
The Earth's ozone layer is responsible for shielding Earth's surface from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #18
When pH increases, the water becomes more acidic.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #19
What is this photo an example of?
A.
longshore current
B.
shoaling
C.
rip current
D.
wave refraction
E.
tidal wave
Question #20
Flood control measures such as dams, retaining basins, floodwalls and artificial levees may increase flood risk.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #21
Lots of cosmogenic isotopes on the surface of a rock indicate a high erosion rate.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #22
What kind of structures are illustrated in this photo?
A.
mooring
B.
jetties
C.
breakwater
D.
groins
E.
seawall
Question #23
What is the boundary between the zone of aeration and zone of saturation called?
A.
Water table
B.
Porosity layer
C.
Capillary fringe
D.
Aquifer zone
Question #24
Which of the following uses of water has the greatest potential for reuse?
A.
Agricultural irrigation
B.
Hydraulic fracturing for gas
C.
Tar sand extraction for oil
D.
Power generation
Question #25
Which of the following has the greatest albedo?
A.
grasslands
B.
snow and ice
C.
sandy deserts
D.
ocean water
E.
fresh concrete
Question #26
Reading the top graph from left to right, what kinds of seismic waves are responsible for the first series of wavy lines on this seismogram?
A.
Love waves
B.
S-waves
C.
Rayleigh waves
D.
Surface waves
E.
P-waves
Question #27
Which type of seismic body-wave can through solids, liquids and gases?
A.
Primary
B.
Love
C.
Secondary
D.
Rayleigh
Question #28
Shield volcanoes are associated with Hawaiian-style eruptions.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #29
What allows ice to float?
A.
Cohesion of ice is lower than the cohesion of liquid water.
B.
Surface tension of ice is lower than the surface tension of liquid water.
C.
Adhesion of ice is lower than the adhesion of liquid water.
D.
Density of ice is lower than the density of liquid water.
E.
Heat capacity of ice is lower than the heat capacity of liquid water.
Question #30
What kind of fault do the associated figures represent?
A.
Left-lateral strike-slip fault
B.
Normal fault
C.
Reverse fault
D.
Right-lateral strike-slip fault
Question #31
Steams that add water to the underlying groundwater resource are called which of the following?
A.
losing streams
B.
rejuvenated streams
C.
altruistic streams
D.
gaining streams
E.
perennial streams
Question #32
What is a rock or soil mass that lacks permeability by definition called?
A.
aquiclude
B.
sandstone
C.
aquifer
D.
aquanaut
E.
conglomerate
Question #33
What percentage of the world's energy supplies is consumed by the U.S.?
A.
50%
B.
25%
C.
5%
D.
10%
E.
75%
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