Geol 102 - Environmental Geology » Spring 2020 » Final Exam
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Question #1
What is a major product of combustion for all hydrocarbons?
A.
carbon dioxide
B.
nitrous oxide
C.
nitrogen
D.
oxygen
E.
hydrogen
Question #2
During an ice age, sea level would have been relatively lower than it is today.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #3
The construction of jetties, groins or breakwaters interrupts the longshore current.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #4
El Nino events occur roughly every 4 to 7 years due to a reversal of Pacific trade winds.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #5
If dams were constructed on all the streams leading to a shoreline all of the following would be expected to happen to the coast except?
A.
Coastal erosion would increase.
B.
Beaches would get smaller or even disappear.
C.
Barrier islands would retreat and decrease in size.
D.
An increase in the number of tsunamis.
E.
Sand bars and spits would decrease in size.
Question #6
Why do most tsunamis occur in the Pacific basin?
A.
because the Pacific Ocean is the deepest ocean
B.
because the Pacific basin is surrounded by active plate boundaries
C.
because more meteors hit in the Pacific Ocean than other oceans
D.
because the volcanic Hawaiian Islands are located there
E.
because the Pacific Ocean is the biggest ocean
Question #7
Why is crushed limestone used in the remediation of sulfide waste rock?
A.
Native grasses and plants grow directly out of the limestone.
B.
The limestone forms a highly impermeable barrier.
C.
The limestone neutralizes the acid that forms.
D.
The limestone converts to marble and can be sold.
E.
The sulfide waste rock will oxidize into limestone.
Question #8
What kind of process produces banded iron formations?
A.
hydrothermal
B.
sedimentary
C.
weathering
D.
igneous
E.
metamorphic
Question #9
What is contaminated water that drains out of a solid waste disposal site called?
A.
hazardous waste
B.
artesian water
C.
sewage effluent
D.
leachate
E.
hydroponic fluid
Question #10
How would you characterize the wave in this photo and what does it tell you about the slope of the associated seafloor?
A.
Plunging breaker; relatively steep slope
B.
Surging breaker; abrupt shallows
C.
Plunging breaker; relatively gradual slope
D.
Spilling breaker; relatively gradual slope
E.
Spilling breaker; relatively steep slope
Question #11
What force is thought to be an important cause of plate tectonic motion?
A.
Earth tides
B.
earthquakes
C.
thermal convection currents
D.
volcanic eruptions
E.
shear strain
Question #12
Which property of minerals is variable and therefore the least reliable as a clue in identifying a mineral type?
A.
luster
B.
crystal form
C.
cleavage
D.
color
E.
hardness
Question #13
How much more energy does a magnitude 8 earthquake release than a magnitude 6 earthquake?
A.
2 times more
B.
30 times more
C.
10 times more
D.
27,000 times more
E.
900 times more
Question #14
This photo is of The San Andreas Fault Zone in the Carrizo Plain. What kind of fault is represented here?
A.
Left-lateral strike-slip fault
B.
Reverse fault
C.
Normal fault
D.
Right-lateral strike-slip fault
Question #15
Which type of seismic wave is most responsible for damage?
A.
body waves
B.
surface waves
C.
sonar
D.
P-waves
E.
S-waves
Question #16
The bands or warm dry air at 30 degrees north and south latitudes are due to the air compressing as it descends.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #17
The Earth's ozone layer is responsible for shielding Earth's surface from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #18
When pH increases, the water becomes more acidic.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #19
What is this photo an example of?
A.
wave refraction
B.
tidal wave
C.
rip current
D.
shoaling
E.
longshore current
Question #20
Flood control measures such as dams, retaining basins, floodwalls and artificial levees may increase flood risk.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #21
Lots of cosmogenic isotopes on the surface of a rock indicate a high erosion rate.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #22
What kind of structures are illustrated in this photo?
A.
jetties
B.
breakwater
C.
groins
D.
mooring
E.
seawall
Question #23
What is the boundary between the zone of aeration and zone of saturation called?
A.
Porosity layer
B.
Water table
C.
Aquifer zone
D.
Capillary fringe
Question #24
Which of the following uses of water has the greatest potential for reuse?
A.
Power generation
B.
Agricultural irrigation
C.
Hydraulic fracturing for gas
D.
Tar sand extraction for oil
Question #25
Which of the following has the greatest albedo?
A.
snow and ice
B.
grasslands
C.
ocean water
D.
fresh concrete
E.
sandy deserts
Question #26
Reading the top graph from left to right, what kinds of seismic waves are responsible for the first series of wavy lines on this seismogram?
A.
Love waves
B.
P-waves
C.
Surface waves
D.
S-waves
E.
Rayleigh waves
Question #27
Which type of seismic body-wave can through solids, liquids and gases?
A.
Secondary
B.
Love
C.
Rayleigh
D.
Primary
Question #28
Shield volcanoes are associated with Hawaiian-style eruptions.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #29
What allows ice to float?
A.
Cohesion of ice is lower than the cohesion of liquid water.
B.
Heat capacity of ice is lower than the heat capacity of liquid water.
C.
Surface tension of ice is lower than the surface tension of liquid water.
D.
Adhesion of ice is lower than the adhesion of liquid water.
E.
Density of ice is lower than the density of liquid water.
Question #30
What kind of fault do the associated figures represent?
A.
Left-lateral strike-slip fault
B.
Normal fault
C.
Reverse fault
D.
Right-lateral strike-slip fault
Question #31
Steams that add water to the underlying groundwater resource are called which of the following?
A.
altruistic streams
B.
gaining streams
C.
rejuvenated streams
D.
perennial streams
E.
losing streams
Question #32
What is a rock or soil mass that lacks permeability by definition called?
A.
conglomerate
B.
aquanaut
C.
aquiclude
D.
sandstone
E.
aquifer
Question #33
What percentage of the world's energy supplies is consumed by the U.S.?
A.
5%
B.
75%
C.
10%
D.
25%
E.
50%
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