Biology 2060 - Anatomy and Physiology II » Summer 2020 » Lecture Exam 2
Need help with your exam preparation?
Get Answers to this exam for $6 USD.
Get Answers to all exams in [ Biology 2060 - Anatomy and Physiology II ] course for $25 USD.
Existing Quiz Clients Login here
Question #1
Blood hydrostatic pressure in systemic capillaries is greater than interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #2
Subclavian trunks drain lymph from the
A.
head and neck.
B.
abdominopelvic wall.
C.
upper limbs, breasts, and superficial thorax.
D.
deep thoracic structures.
Question #3
Nonspecific immunity is another name for
A.
adaptive immunity.
B.
innate immunity.
C.
acquired immunity.
D.
cell-mediated immunity.
Question #4
In general, as an artery's diameter decreases, the artery walls show
A.
an increase in the relative amount of smooth muscle and a decrease in the relative amount of elastic fibers.
B.
an increase in relative amounts of smooth muscle and elastic fibers and a decrease in endothelium.
C.
a decrease in both smooth muscle and elastic fibers and an increase in areolar connective tissue.
D.
a decrease in the relative amount of smooth muscle and an increase in the relative amount of elastic fibers.
Question #5
Which part of a thymic lobule contains mature lymphocytes?
A.
Cortex
B.
Medulla
C.
Trabecula
D.
Capsule
Question #6
If someone were to have abnormally low levels of protein in their blood, then net filtration pressure would
A.
be higher than normal.
B.
be lower than normal.
Question #7
Which of the following does not contain red marrow?
A.
Ribs
B.
Flat bones of the skull
C.
Vertebrae
D.
Sternum
E.
Long bones of digits
Question #8
Lymph contains protein
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #9
A network of small arteries called the ________ provides a blood supply to the tunica externa of very large vessels.
A.
vasa vasorum
B.
distributing arteries
C.
thoroughfare channels
D.
companion vessels
E.
fenestrated arteries
Question #10
Valves in veins
A.
are found only in the largest veins.
B.
cause venous blood flow to go in only one direction.
C.
make the use of a skeletal muscle pump unnecessary for venous blood flow.
D.
are formed of the tunica media.
E.
are the leading cause of high blood pressure.
Question #11
Inflammation is a(n)
A.
nonspecific process that occurs in avascular tissue.
B.
antigen-specific process that occurs in avascular tissue.
C.
antigen-specific process that occurs in vascularized tissue.
D.
nonspecific process that occurs in vascularized tissue.
Question #12
Which fluid does lymph most closely resemble
A.
Whole blood
B.
Blood plasma
C.
Intracellular fluid
D.
Interstitial fluid
Question #13
Which are found in the capillary wall? a: Endothelium b: Subendothelial layer c: Internal elastic lamina d: Intercellular clefts e: External elastic lamina f: Basement membrane
A.
a, d, f
B.
a, b, d, f
C.
a, b, d, e, f
D.
b, d, e, f
E.
a, c, d, e, f
Question #14
Sinusoids are found in a: bone marrow b: spleen c: small intestine d: kidney e: liver f: muscle g: skin
A.
c, d
B.
f, g
C.
b, c, e, f
D.
b, c, d, g
E.
a, b, e
Question #15
Which statement accurately compares filtration and reabsorption?
A.
The direction of filtration can be either into or out of the blood, but reabsorption always involves fluids entering the blood.
B.
Filtration happens at the venule end of a capillary bed and reabsorption happens in feeder arterioles.
C.
Filtration involves bulk flow of fluid out of the blood, whereas reabsorption is bulk flow back into the blood.
D.
Filtration is driven by concentration gradients, whereas reabsorption depends on hydrostatic pressure.
Question #16
Where do T-lymphocytes mature?
A.
Thyroid gland
B.
Tonsils
C.
White bone marrow
D.
Thymus gland
E.
Spleen
Question #17
Precapillary sphincters will
A.
open when the tissue needs nutrients.
B.
control blood flow into the true capillaries.
C.
All of the answers are correct.
D.
close when the tissue's needs have been met.
E.
cause blood to flow directly from the metarteriole into the postcapillary venule.
Question #18
The force per unit area that blood places on the inside wall of a blood vessel
A.
is called the pulse.
B.
is greater in the inferior vena cava than in the common iliac vein.
C.
is greater during diastole.
D.
increases the further the vessel is from the heart.
E.
is called the blood pressure.
Question #19
When women with breast cancer undergo surgery to remove the tumor or the entire breast, the axillary lymph nodes are often removed as well. Why?
A.
In removing the breast, the blood supply to the nodes is removed and they will inevitably cease to function.
B.
The axillary lymph nodes receive lymph from the breast and may contain cancer cells.
C.
The nerves that supply the axillary lymph nodes are often cut during the breast surgery.
D.
It is impossible to remove the breast without physically damaging the lymph nodes.
E.
With the removal of the breast, there is no further need for lymph drainage and filtering in that part of the body.
Question #20
Which of the artery types contain the internal and external elastic laminae?
A.
Muscular arteries
B.
Elastic and muscular arteries
C.
Arterioles
D.
Elastic arteries
E.
Elastic arteries and arterioles
Question #21
Chemotaxis is the process by which
A.
cells exit the blood by squeezing out between cells in the blood vessel wall.
B.
CAMs on leukocytes adhere to CAMs on endothelial cells of capillaries within injured tissues.
C.
chemical messengers are secreted that stimulate the sensation of pain that accompanies inflammation.
D.
cells migrate along chemical gradients.
Question #22
A lymphatic capillary that picks up dietary lipids in the small intestine is called a(n)
A.
efferent lymphatic vessel.
B.
trabeculum.
C.
lacteal.
D.
cisterna chyli.
E.
afferent lymphatic vessel.
Question #23
Which is not correct regarding the spleen?
A.
Its blood is supplied by the splenic artery and drained by the splenic vein.
B.
It has an outer cortex and inner medulla.
C.
It is divided into sections by capsular extensions called trabeculae.
D.
Its white pulp contains T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes, and macrophages.
Question #24
Dendritic cells of the skin are derived from
A.
neutrophils.
B.
T-lymphocytes.
C.
monocytes.
D.
B-lymphocytes.
E.
macrophages.
Question #25
Which statement is accurate?
A.
Filtration dominates at the venous end of a capillary bed, and is driven by osmotic pressure.
B.
Filtration dominates at the arterial end of a capillary bed, and is driven by osmotic pressure.
C.
Filtration dominates at the arterial end of a capillary bed, and is driven by hydrostatic pressure.
D.
Filtration dominates at the venous end of a capillary bed, and is driven by hydrostatic pressure.
Question #26
The ________ is composed of circularly arranged layers of smooth muscle cells.
A.
None of the answers is correct.
B.
tunica media
C.
tunica intima
D.
tunica externa
E.
tunica interna
Question #27
Atherosclerosis involves a
A.
sustained decrease in blood flow that leads to increases in arterial diameter to lower resistance and raise pressure.
B.
sustained increase in blood pressure that leads to compensatory vasodilation.
C.
sustained increase in blood flow that leads to decreases in venous resistance to keep blood pressure constant.
D.
sustained decrease in resistance that leads to decreases in arterial pressure to maintain adequate blood flow.
E.
sustained increase in resistance that leads to increases in arterial pressure to maintain adequate blood flow.
Question #28
If someone's blood pressure were listed as 125/75 mmHg, then their pulse pressure would be
A.
40 mmHg.
B.
5/3.
C.
50 mmHg.
D.
100 mmHg.
E.
125 mmHg.
Question #29
As blood moves from the arterial end to the venous end of a capillary, net filtration pressure
A.
increases, as blood colloid osmotic pressure rises.
B.
increases, as blood hydrostatic pressure rises.
C.
decreases, as blood colloid osmotic pressure decreases.
D.
decreases, as blood hydrostatic pressure decreases.
E.
remains the same, as rises in blood osmotic pressure are offset by declines in tissue osmotic pressure.
Question #30
The thymus contains ________ lobes and is located ________.
A.
4; anterior to the laryngeal prominence (Adam's apple)
B.
4; in the mediastinum
C.
2; in the mediastinum
D.
2; anterior to the laryngeal prominence (Adam's apple)
Question #31
Which type of cell attacks a variety of unwanted cells and causes those cells to undergo apoptosis?
A.
Eosinophils
B.
Macrophages
C.
Basophils
D.
Neutrophils
E.
Natural killer cells
Question #32
Blood colloid osmotic pressure is largely due to
A.
the proteins in the blood, and it promotes reabsorption.
B.
the high amount of water in the blood, and it promotes diffusion out of the capillaries.
C.
the proteins in the blood, and it promotes filtration.
D.
the pressure generated by the heart, and it favors osmosis into the arteriole end of the capillary bed.
E.
the high amount of water in the blood, and it promotes filtration from arterioles.
Question #33
Which is not correct regarding the white pulp of the spleen?
A.
It contains a central artery.
B.
Its cells include T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes, and macrophages.
C.
Its cells are arranged in clusters that are circular in shape.
D.
It serves as a blood reservoir.
Question #34
Gas, nutrient, and waste exchange occur between the ________ and the tissues of the body.
A.
arteries
B.
capillaries and arteries
C.
capillaries and veins
D.
veins
E.
capillaries
Question #35
Circulation to the spleen demonstrates a(n)
A.
anastomosis, as one artery delivers blood and one vein drains the organ.
B.
simple pathway, as one artery delivers blood and one vein drains the organ.
C.
anastomosis, as its two capillary beds are separated by a portal vein.
D.
simple pathway, as its two capillary beds are separated by a portal vein.
Question #36
Defensins and lysosomes are both part of ________ immunity and function as ________.
A.
innate; physical barriers to pathogen entry
B.
innate; attackers of pathogenic cells
C.
adaptive; attackers of pathogenic cells
D.
adaptive; physical barriers to pathogen entry
Question #37
Often a virus-infected cell will release ________ to prevent spread of the infection.
A.
histamine
B.
interferon
C.
serotonin
D.
perforin
E.
complement
Question #38
The function of the postcapillary venule is to
A.
supply metarteriole with blood.
B.
allow for diffusion of metabolic wastes from the tissues.
C.
allow for diffusion of nutrients and metabolic wastes.
D.
drain the capillary bed.
E.
allow for diffusion of nutrients to the tissues.
Question #39
Increased cardiac output ________ the blood pressure.
A.
increases
B.
decreases
C.
will not affect
Question #40
The force that drives fluid into lymphatic capillaries is
A.
endocytosis.
B.
hydrostatic pressure.
C.
diffusion of both water and solutes.
D.
exocytosis.
E.
osmosis.
Question #41
A portal system
A.
is one in which circulation to a large organ involves only one artery and one main (portal) vein.
B.
is one in which multiple arteries converge on one organ or body region.
C.
is one in which blood flows through two capillary beds before being sent back to the heart.
D.
is a simple circulatory system with an arteriovenous anastomosis.
E.
includes a functional end artery that makes an arterial anastomosis.
Question #42
Atrial natriuretic peptide stimulates
A.
vasoconstriction, sodium retention, and therefore increased blood pressure.
B.
vasoconstriction, decreased urine output, and therefore decreased blood pressure.
C.
vasodilation, decreased urine output, and therefore increased blood pressure.
D.
vasoconstriction, increased urine output, and therefore increased blood pressure.
E.
vasodilation, increased urine output, and therefore decreased blood pressure.
Question #43
Which cells resemble basophils and are found in connective tissue, close to small blood vessels?
A.
Cytokines
B.
Mast cells
C.
Dendritic cells
D.
NK cells
E.
Alveolar macrophages
Question #44
In addition to creating a physical barrier to pathogen entry, mucus contains antimicrobial substances such as IgA.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #45
The main function of tonsils is to detect and protect against infections agents that are
A.
secreted by salivary glands.
B.
in the blood.
C.
in the lymph.
D.
ingested or inhaled.
Question #46
Aldosterone and atrial natriuretic peptide have ________ effects on blood pressure.
A.
opposite
B.
similar
Question #47
Lymphatic nodules consist of
A.
lymphatic cells, extracellular matrix, and an incomplete connective tissue capsule.
B.
crypts, trabeculae, and Reed-Sternberg cells.
C.
a hilum that is located intermediate to two lobules.
D.
central arteries and monocytes.
E.
afferent vessels, efferent vessels, a cortex, and medulla.
Question #48
When physical exertion has ended and the body is at rest, veins demonstrate
A.
vasoconstriction so that they function as blood reservoirs.
B.
vasodilation so that they function as blood reservoirs.
C.
vasodilation so that blood is shifted toward the rest of the circulatory system.
D.
vasoconstriction so that blood is shifted toward the rest of the circulatory system.
Question #49
As an arterial pathway moves farther from the heart, the arteries
A.
get larger.
B.
get smaller.
C.
show no change in their lumen size.
Question #50
Concerning the exchange between blood and interstitial fluid at systemic capillaries,
A.
more fluid is filtered than reabsorbed.
B.
more fluid is absorbed and reabsorbed than is filtered.
C.
the fluid reabsorbed into the capillary exactly matches the amount filtered by the capillary.
Need help with your exam preparation?
Get Answers to this exam for $6 USD.
Get Answers to all exams in [ Biology 2060 - Anatomy and Physiology II ] course for $25 USD.
Existing Quiz Clients Login here