Anatomy 001 - Introduction to Human Anatomy » Fall 2020 » Lecture Exam 1

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Question #1
At the beginning of intramembranous ossification,
A.   mesenchymal cells gather in clusters and become osteoblasts.
B.   mesenchymal cells gather in clusters and become osteoclasts.
C.   blood vessels enter the epiphyses of a long bone and convert the cartilage to bone.
D.   blood vessels grow around the edges of the hyaline cartilage model.
Question #2
Which of the following are bone stem cells that divide by mitosis to produce new osteoblasts?
A.   Myosatellite cells
B.   Osteocytes
C.   Osteoclasts
D.   Osteoprogenitor cells
Question #3
The double membrane that surrounds the nucleus is called the
A.   inner nuclear membrane.
B.   nuclear envelope.
C.   outer nuclear membrane.
D.   nuclear plasma membrane.
Question #4
Cellular organelle where membrane proteins and secretory proteins are synthesized
A.   smooth endoplasmic reticulum
B.   rough endoplasmic reticulum
C.   peroxisomes
D.   mitochondria
Question #5
Which of the following cell organelles sends vesicles containing molecules produced by the ER to the proper location inside the cell?
A.   The nucleus
B.   Mitochondria
C.   Centrioles
D.   The golgi apparatus
Question #6
Organ systems are made up of __________ which are made up of ____________.
A.   tissues / organs
B.   cells / tissues
C.   organs / tissues
D.   molecules / cells
Question #7
The humerus is an example of a ________ bone.
A.   irregular
B.   short
C.   sesamoid
D.   flat
E.   long
Question #8
Extracellular fluid is composed of
A.   Blood plasma only
B.   Interstitial fluid only
C.   Blood plasma and interstitial fluid
Question #9
Thick skin is found
A.   on the top of the head.
B.   on the arm.
C.   on the back.
D.   on the palms and soles.
Question #10
The connective tissue lining the medullary cavity of a long bone is called the
A.   periosteum
B.   endosteum.
C.   perichondrium.
D.   epimysium.
E.   perimysium.
Question #11
Which of the following is not a membranous organelle?
A.   Mitochondria
B.   Nucleus
C.   Endoplasmic reticulum
D.   Ribosomes
Question #12
Which of the following organelles are composed of 9 short sections of microtubules and produce microtubules used in cell division?
A.   Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
B.   Ribosomes
C.   Centrioles
D.   Golgi apparatus
Question #13
Which of the following types of cytoskeleton is composed of actin and myosin?
A.   Microtubules
B.   Intermediate filaments
C.   Centrioles
D.   Microfilaments
Question #14
Which of the following is not one of the three types of cytoskeleton?
A.   Ribosomes
B.   Intermediate filaments
C.   Microfilaments
D.   Microtubules
Question #15
Organ system that protects the body against injury and dehydration, and is also important in the regulation of temperature.
A.   Urinary system
B.   Reproductive system
C.   Integumentary system
D.   Nervous system
E.   Digestive system
Question #16
Which of the following organ systems transports blood which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and wastes.
A.   The Cardiovascular system
B.   The Nervous System
C.   The Digestive System
D.   The Reproductive System
E.   The Respiratory system
Question #17
Which of the following layers of bone matrix fills the gaps between osteons in compact bone?
A.   Circumfirential lamellae
B.   Central canal
C.   Concentric lamellae
D.   Interstitial lamellae
Question #18
A human somatic cell contains
A.   23 total chromosomes
B.   22 total chromosomes
C.   46 total chromosomes
D.   47 total chromosomes
E.   45 total chromosomes
Question #19
This layer of the dermis is just deep to the epidermis, contains capillaries, and is composed of an areolar connective tissue.
A.   Stratum spinosum
B.   Stratum basale
C.   The papillary layer
D.   The reticular layer
Question #20
The armpit is ________ to the chest.
A.   superficial
B.   anterior
C.   lateral
D.   medial
Question #21
The left ankle is _____ to the left wrist.
A.   contralateral
B.   lateral
C.   ipsilateral
D.   superior
Question #22
The sugar coated surface of the plasma membrane is called the
A.   golgi apparatus.
B.   cristae.
C.   glycocalyx.
D.   Rough endoplasmic reticulum.
Question #23
A peroxisome is a molecule that absorbs some wavelengths of light and reflects other wavelengths of light.
A.   FALSE
B.   TRUE
Question #24
Which of the following cartilage types is the best at resisting compression?
A.   Elastic cartilage
B.   Reticular cartilage
C.   Fibrocartilage
D.   Hyaline cartilage
Question #25
The right pleural cavity contains the
A.   left lung.
B.   right lung.
C.   heart.
D.   trachea.
E.   both lungs.
Question #26
Which of the following proteins fills gaps between keratinocytes in the stratum granulosum and makes skin water resistant?
A.   Keratin
B.   Vitamin D
C.   Keratohyalin
D.   Melanin
Question #27
Appendages of the skin include all of the following, except
A.   nails.
B.   hair follicles.
C.   sweat glands.
D.   epidermis.
Question #28
The diaphysis of a long bone
A.   contains a thin outer layer of compact bone.
B.   is completely filled with spongy bone.
C.   contains a thick outer layer of compact bone.
D.   does not exist.
Question #29
Which of the following skin cell types is involved in the phagocytosis of foreign cells/particles?
A.   Melanocytes
B.   Keratinocytes
C.   Dendritic cells
D.   Basal cells
Question #30
________________ are thickest, most pigmented hairs and are found in many locations like the head, eyebrows, and eyelashes.
A.   Vellus hair
B.   Terminal hair
Question #31
In the process of _______________ a bone is made from a hyaline cartilage model.
A.   intramembranous ossification
B.   endochndral ossification
C.   bone absorption
Question #32
Fingernails and toenails are composed of densely packed ________ containing ________.
A.   Merkel cells / soft keratin
B.   melanocytes / melanin
C.   keratinocytes / hard keratin
D.   keratinocytes / soft keratin
E.   melanocytes / hard keratin
Question #33
Which of the following regions of a long bone remains as hyaline cartilage after endochonral ossification is over?
A.   Epiphysis
B.   Diaphysis
C.   Articular cartilage
Question #34
Which of the following glands produce "watery" sweat, and are found over most of the body surface?
A.   Apocrine sweat glands
B.   Sebaceous glands
C.   Endocrine glands
D.   Merocrine sweat glands
Question #35
The epidermis in a section of thin skin includes the following four layers. In what order do these occur, from the dermis to the lumen? (1) stratum granulosum (2) stratum corneum (3) stratum basale (4) stratum spinosum
A.   3, 2, 4, 1
B.   3, 4, 1, 2
C.   1, 3, 4, 2
D.   4, 3, 2, 1
E.   1, 2, 3, 4
Question #36
The substance that makes the solid matrix in cartilage is
A.   keratin
B.   chondroitin sulfate
C.   keratohyaline
D.   melanin
Question #37
____________________ is the study of the function of disease processes.
A.   Anatomy
B.   Physiology
C.   Pathophysiology
D.   Pathological anatomy

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