Anthropology 101 - Human Biological Evolution » Fall 2020 » Basic Biology Quiz
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Question #1
Prokaryotic cells are distinguishable from eukaryotic cells because prokaryotes do not contain:
A.
a plasma membrane
B.
DNA
C.
Organelles
D.
a nucleus.
Question #2
Cells
A.
are the basic units of life
B.
usually do not have DNA
C.
only have a nucleus and no cytoplasm
D.
are only inherited from one parent
Question #3
The cell nucleus
A.
contains genetic information
B.
is made up of ribosomes
C.
is not distinct from the cytoplasm
D.
contains only X and Y chromosomes
Question #4
Somatic cells are not
A.
basically all the cells in the body except those involved in reproduction
B.
one type of eukaryotic cell
C.
those that make up tissues, e.g. muscles and the brain
D.
gametes
Question #5
Ribosomes are
A.
found only in prokaryotes
B.
important to protein synthesis
C.
only present when the cell divides
D.
the sex chromosomes
Question #6
The two basic types of cells are somatic cells and
A.
gametes
B.
polar bodies
C.
organelles
D.
autosomes
Question #7
Gametes
A.
transmit genetic information from parent to offspring
B.
are basic units of the DNA molecule composed of sugar
C.
are important structural components of the body
D.
are also called zygotes
Question #8
DNA
A.
is composed of nucleotides
B.
contains six different nitrogenous bases
C.
is composed of nitrogenous bases, sugars and gametes
D.
is single-stranded
Question #9
A nucleotide
A.
is not a basic unit of the DNA molecule
B.
is composed of a nitrogenous base, a sugar, and a phosphate unit
C.
codes for the production of an amino acid
D.
is the same thing as an RNA molecule
Question #10
Which of the following nitrogenous bases is not found in DNA?
A.
Uracil
B.
Adenine
C.
Guanine
D.
Thymine
Question #11
Which of the following statements concerning RNA is false?
A.
It is involved in the synthesis of proteins.
B.
It is single-stranded.
C.
It contains the base uracil instead of thymine.
D.
It contains the same sugar as found in DNA.
Question #12
In protein synthesis, the process called transcription is which of the following?
A.
manufacture of tRNA
B.
formation of a mRNA molecule
C.
production of amino acids
D.
assembly of polypeptide chains
Question #13
What is the complete sequence of DNA bases that specifies the order of amino acids in an entire protein?
A.
gene
B.
codon
C.
amino acid
D.
helix
Question #14
What is the name for a triplet of mRNA bases?
A.
codon
B.
mutons
C.
alleles
D.
exon
Question #15
Chromosomes are
A.
made up of DNA and proteins
B.
indiscrete structures
C.
composed of two strands during early stages of cell division
D.
visible during all stages of cell division
Question #16
Autosomes
A.
carry genetic information influencing all physical characteristics except primary sex determination
B.
carry genetic information that determine the individual’s sex
C.
occur singularly
D.
carry genetic information influencing all physical characteristics
Question #17
How many chromosomes occur in a normal human somatic cell?
A.
43
B.
46
C.
44
D.
53
Question #18
How many chromosome pairs occur in a normal human somatic cell?
A.
26
B.
24
C.
23
D.
22
Question #19
What are the X and Y chromosomes called?
A.
sex chromosomes
B.
karyotypes
C.
autosomes
D.
gametes
Question #20
The Y chromosome
A.
is found in both sexes; males have two, and females have one
B.
carries a gene that causes a fetus to develop as male
C.
can be inherited from either parent
D.
influences numerous characteristics such as toe length
Question #21
Which of the following statements is true of mitosis?
A.
The result is gamete formation.
B.
There are two cell divisions before the process is complete.
C.
The process requires only one cell division to be complete.
D.
Crossing-over occurs between homologous chromosomes.
Question #22
After mitosis, daughter cells contain the same amount of DNA as in the original cell. Why?
A.
DNA replication
B.
recombination
C.
meiosis
D.
pairing of homologous chromosomes
Question #23
Meiosis
A.
is the cell division process in somatic cells
B.
is the cell division in specialized cells in ovaries and testes
C.
permits healing of injured tissue
D.
involves two divisions and results in six daughter cells.
Question #24
RNA uses a nucleotide called _____________, instead of thymine, during the transcription process.
A.
codinine
B.
thiamine
C.
aspernine
D.
uracil
Question #25
Proteins are manufactured within the cell at structures called:
A.
mitochondria
B.
nuclei
C.
nucleoli
D.
ribosomes
Question #26
The name for a triplet of mRNA bases is:
A.
Nucleotide markers
B.
mBases
C.
Anticodon
D.
Codon
Question #27
Where does transcription occur?
A.
At the ribosome
B.
Santa Monica army recruitment offices
C.
In the nucleus of eukaryotic cells
D.
In forensic anthropology laboratories
Question #28
Cells with one-half of the full complement of DNA are called
A.
haploid cells.
B.
stem cells.
C.
base cells.
D.
diploid cells.
Question #29
A.
Protein synthesis
B.
Somatic cells
C.
Gametes
D.
DNA
Question #30
Mitosis produces ____________.
A.
Two diploid cells
B.
Four haploid cells
C.
Two haploid cells
D.
One haploid cell
Question #31
Meiosis is the division of ____________.
A.
Somatic cells
B.
DNA
C.
Proteins
D.
Sex cells
Question #32
During meiosis, the sex cell divides
A.
Four times
B.
Twice
C.
Once
D.
Three times
Question #33
The first step of both mitosis and meiosis is
A.
DNA replication
B.
Cell division
C.
Enzymatic halitosis
D.
Recombination
Question #34
During _____________ , maternal and paternal chromosomes in a sex cell are shuffled
A.
permutation
B.
recombination
C.
replication
D.
regulation
Question #35
_____________ carry the genetic information from one generation to the next.
A.
Diploid cells
B.
Immature base cells
C.
Gametes
D.
Nuclei
Question #36
Mitochondrial DNA has the same molecular structure and function as nuclear DNA found in the nucleus.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #37
The structure of DNA can be described as a triple helix.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #38
A codon triplet is a series of three DNA bases.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #39
Transfer RNA forms a copy of the DNA molecule during translation.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #40
Transfer RNA forms a copy of a portion of the DNA molecule during transcription.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #41
Messenger RNA forms a copy of a gene in the DNA molecule during transcription.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #42
The process of translation during protein synthesis occurs at the ribosomes.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #43
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #44
Only prokaryotic organisms perform meiosis.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #45
Transcription in DNA results in the formation of an identical DNA strand.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
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