Anthropology 101 - Human Biological Evolution » Fall 2020 » Basic Biology Quiz
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Question #1
Prokaryotic cells are distinguishable from eukaryotic cells because prokaryotes do not contain:
A.
a nucleus.
B.
DNA
C.
Organelles
D.
a plasma membrane
Question #2
Cells
A.
only have a nucleus and no cytoplasm
B.
usually do not have DNA
C.
are the basic units of life
D.
are only inherited from one parent
Question #3
The cell nucleus
A.
contains only X and Y chromosomes
B.
is made up of ribosomes
C.
is not distinct from the cytoplasm
D.
contains genetic information
Question #4
Somatic cells are not
A.
those that make up tissues, e.g. muscles and the brain
B.
basically all the cells in the body except those involved in reproduction
C.
one type of eukaryotic cell
D.
gametes
Question #5
Ribosomes are
A.
the sex chromosomes
B.
important to protein synthesis
C.
found only in prokaryotes
D.
only present when the cell divides
Question #6
The two basic types of cells are somatic cells and
A.
autosomes
B.
polar bodies
C.
organelles
D.
gametes
Question #7
Gametes
A.
are basic units of the DNA molecule composed of sugar
B.
are also called zygotes
C.
transmit genetic information from parent to offspring
D.
are important structural components of the body
Question #8
DNA
A.
is single-stranded
B.
contains six different nitrogenous bases
C.
is composed of nucleotides
D.
is composed of nitrogenous bases, sugars and gametes
Question #9
A nucleotide
A.
is not a basic unit of the DNA molecule
B.
codes for the production of an amino acid
C.
is the same thing as an RNA molecule
D.
is composed of a nitrogenous base, a sugar, and a phosphate unit
Question #10
Which of the following nitrogenous bases is not found in DNA?
A.
Guanine
B.
Adenine
C.
Uracil
D.
Thymine
Question #11
Which of the following statements concerning RNA is false?
A.
It contains the base uracil instead of thymine.
B.
It is involved in the synthesis of proteins.
C.
It contains the same sugar as found in DNA.
D.
It is single-stranded.
Question #12
In protein synthesis, the process called transcription is which of the following?
A.
assembly of polypeptide chains
B.
production of amino acids
C.
formation of a mRNA molecule
D.
manufacture of tRNA
Question #13
What is the complete sequence of DNA bases that specifies the order of amino acids in an entire protein?
A.
helix
B.
gene
C.
codon
D.
amino acid
Question #14
What is the name for a triplet of mRNA bases?
A.
alleles
B.
mutons
C.
codon
D.
exon
Question #15
Chromosomes are
A.
indiscrete structures
B.
composed of two strands during early stages of cell division
C.
made up of DNA and proteins
D.
visible during all stages of cell division
Question #16
Autosomes
A.
carry genetic information influencing all physical characteristics except primary sex determination
B.
occur singularly
C.
carry genetic information influencing all physical characteristics
D.
carry genetic information that determine the individual’s sex
Question #17
How many chromosomes occur in a normal human somatic cell?
A.
43
B.
53
C.
46
D.
44
Question #18
How many chromosome pairs occur in a normal human somatic cell?
A.
26
B.
23
C.
24
D.
22
Question #19
What are the X and Y chromosomes called?
A.
karyotypes
B.
sex chromosomes
C.
autosomes
D.
gametes
Question #20
The Y chromosome
A.
can be inherited from either parent
B.
carries a gene that causes a fetus to develop as male
C.
influences numerous characteristics such as toe length
D.
is found in both sexes; males have two, and females have one
Question #21
Which of the following statements is true of mitosis?
A.
The result is gamete formation.
B.
There are two cell divisions before the process is complete.
C.
Crossing-over occurs between homologous chromosomes.
D.
The process requires only one cell division to be complete.
Question #22
After mitosis, daughter cells contain the same amount of DNA as in the original cell. Why?
A.
recombination
B.
pairing of homologous chromosomes
C.
meiosis
D.
DNA replication
Question #23
Meiosis
A.
is the cell division in specialized cells in ovaries and testes
B.
is the cell division process in somatic cells
C.
permits healing of injured tissue
D.
involves two divisions and results in six daughter cells.
Question #24
RNA uses a nucleotide called _____________, instead of thymine, during the transcription process.
A.
codinine
B.
thiamine
C.
uracil
D.
aspernine
Question #25
Proteins are manufactured within the cell at structures called:
A.
nucleoli
B.
mitochondria
C.
nuclei
D.
ribosomes
Question #26
The name for a triplet of mRNA bases is:
A.
mBases
B.
Codon
C.
Anticodon
D.
Nucleotide markers
Question #27
Where does transcription occur?
A.
In the nucleus of eukaryotic cells
B.
In forensic anthropology laboratories
C.
At the ribosome
D.
Santa Monica army recruitment offices
Question #28
Cells with one-half of the full complement of DNA are called
A.
base cells.
B.
diploid cells.
C.
haploid cells.
D.
stem cells.
Question #29
A.
Gametes
B.
Somatic cells
C.
Protein synthesis
D.
DNA
Question #30
Mitosis produces ____________.
A.
Four haploid cells
B.
One haploid cell
C.
Two diploid cells
D.
Two haploid cells
Question #31
Meiosis is the division of ____________.
A.
Proteins
B.
Somatic cells
C.
DNA
D.
Sex cells
Question #32
During meiosis, the sex cell divides
A.
Four times
B.
Twice
C.
Three times
D.
Once
Question #33
The first step of both mitosis and meiosis is
A.
Recombination
B.
DNA replication
C.
Cell division
D.
Enzymatic halitosis
Question #34
During _____________ , maternal and paternal chromosomes in a sex cell are shuffled
A.
recombination
B.
regulation
C.
permutation
D.
replication
Question #35
_____________ carry the genetic information from one generation to the next.
A.
Immature base cells
B.
Diploid cells
C.
Gametes
D.
Nuclei
Question #36
Mitochondrial DNA has the same molecular structure and function as nuclear DNA found in the nucleus.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #37
The structure of DNA can be described as a triple helix.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #38
A codon triplet is a series of three DNA bases.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #39
Transfer RNA forms a copy of the DNA molecule during translation.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #40
Transfer RNA forms a copy of a portion of the DNA molecule during transcription.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #41
Messenger RNA forms a copy of a gene in the DNA molecule during transcription.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #42
The process of translation during protein synthesis occurs at the ribosomes.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #43
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #44
Only prokaryotic organisms perform meiosis.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #45
Transcription in DNA results in the formation of an identical DNA strand.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
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