Anthropology 101 - Human Biological Evolution » Fall 2020 » Basic Biology Quiz
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Question #1
Prokaryotic cells are distinguishable from eukaryotic cells because prokaryotes do not contain:
A.
a plasma membrane
B.
Organelles
C.
a nucleus.
D.
DNA
Question #2
Cells
A.
are the basic units of life
B.
are only inherited from one parent
C.
usually do not have DNA
D.
only have a nucleus and no cytoplasm
Question #3
The cell nucleus
A.
is not distinct from the cytoplasm
B.
contains only X and Y chromosomes
C.
contains genetic information
D.
is made up of ribosomes
Question #4
Somatic cells are not
A.
gametes
B.
those that make up tissues, e.g. muscles and the brain
C.
one type of eukaryotic cell
D.
basically all the cells in the body except those involved in reproduction
Question #5
Ribosomes are
A.
important to protein synthesis
B.
found only in prokaryotes
C.
the sex chromosomes
D.
only present when the cell divides
Question #6
The two basic types of cells are somatic cells and
A.
organelles
B.
polar bodies
C.
gametes
D.
autosomes
Question #7
Gametes
A.
are also called zygotes
B.
are important structural components of the body
C.
transmit genetic information from parent to offspring
D.
are basic units of the DNA molecule composed of sugar
Question #8
DNA
A.
is composed of nucleotides
B.
is composed of nitrogenous bases, sugars and gametes
C.
is single-stranded
D.
contains six different nitrogenous bases
Question #9
A nucleotide
A.
codes for the production of an amino acid
B.
is the same thing as an RNA molecule
C.
is composed of a nitrogenous base, a sugar, and a phosphate unit
D.
is not a basic unit of the DNA molecule
Question #10
Which of the following nitrogenous bases is not found in DNA?
A.
Thymine
B.
Guanine
C.
Adenine
D.
Uracil
Question #11
Which of the following statements concerning RNA is false?
A.
It contains the same sugar as found in DNA.
B.
It is involved in the synthesis of proteins.
C.
It is single-stranded.
D.
It contains the base uracil instead of thymine.
Question #12
In protein synthesis, the process called transcription is which of the following?
A.
manufacture of tRNA
B.
formation of a mRNA molecule
C.
production of amino acids
D.
assembly of polypeptide chains
Question #13
What is the complete sequence of DNA bases that specifies the order of amino acids in an entire protein?
A.
helix
B.
gene
C.
amino acid
D.
codon
Question #14
What is the name for a triplet of mRNA bases?
A.
codon
B.
alleles
C.
mutons
D.
exon
Question #15
Chromosomes are
A.
visible during all stages of cell division
B.
composed of two strands during early stages of cell division
C.
made up of DNA and proteins
D.
indiscrete structures
Question #16
Autosomes
A.
carry genetic information influencing all physical characteristics except primary sex determination
B.
occur singularly
C.
carry genetic information influencing all physical characteristics
D.
carry genetic information that determine the individual’s sex
Question #17
How many chromosomes occur in a normal human somatic cell?
A.
43
B.
46
C.
44
D.
53
Question #18
How many chromosome pairs occur in a normal human somatic cell?
A.
22
B.
24
C.
26
D.
23
Question #19
What are the X and Y chromosomes called?
A.
karyotypes
B.
sex chromosomes
C.
gametes
D.
autosomes
Question #20
The Y chromosome
A.
is found in both sexes; males have two, and females have one
B.
carries a gene that causes a fetus to develop as male
C.
influences numerous characteristics such as toe length
D.
can be inherited from either parent
Question #21
Which of the following statements is true of mitosis?
A.
There are two cell divisions before the process is complete.
B.
The result is gamete formation.
C.
The process requires only one cell division to be complete.
D.
Crossing-over occurs between homologous chromosomes.
Question #22
After mitosis, daughter cells contain the same amount of DNA as in the original cell. Why?
A.
DNA replication
B.
recombination
C.
meiosis
D.
pairing of homologous chromosomes
Question #23
Meiosis
A.
permits healing of injured tissue
B.
is the cell division in specialized cells in ovaries and testes
C.
is the cell division process in somatic cells
D.
involves two divisions and results in six daughter cells.
Question #24
RNA uses a nucleotide called _____________, instead of thymine, during the transcription process.
A.
thiamine
B.
aspernine
C.
uracil
D.
codinine
Question #25
Proteins are manufactured within the cell at structures called:
A.
nuclei
B.
mitochondria
C.
nucleoli
D.
ribosomes
Question #26
The name for a triplet of mRNA bases is:
A.
Codon
B.
Anticodon
C.
mBases
D.
Nucleotide markers
Question #27
Where does transcription occur?
A.
In the nucleus of eukaryotic cells
B.
Santa Monica army recruitment offices
C.
In forensic anthropology laboratories
D.
At the ribosome
Question #28
Cells with one-half of the full complement of DNA are called
A.
haploid cells.
B.
stem cells.
C.
diploid cells.
D.
base cells.
Question #29
A.
DNA
B.
Somatic cells
C.
Protein synthesis
D.
Gametes
Question #30
Mitosis produces ____________.
A.
Four haploid cells
B.
One haploid cell
C.
Two haploid cells
D.
Two diploid cells
Question #31
Meiosis is the division of ____________.
A.
Sex cells
B.
Somatic cells
C.
Proteins
D.
DNA
Question #32
During meiosis, the sex cell divides
A.
Four times
B.
Once
C.
Three times
D.
Twice
Question #33
The first step of both mitosis and meiosis is
A.
Cell division
B.
Recombination
C.
Enzymatic halitosis
D.
DNA replication
Question #34
During _____________ , maternal and paternal chromosomes in a sex cell are shuffled
A.
recombination
B.
replication
C.
regulation
D.
permutation
Question #35
_____________ carry the genetic information from one generation to the next.
A.
Diploid cells
B.
Gametes
C.
Nuclei
D.
Immature base cells
Question #36
Mitochondrial DNA has the same molecular structure and function as nuclear DNA found in the nucleus.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #37
The structure of DNA can be described as a triple helix.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #38
A codon triplet is a series of three DNA bases.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #39
Transfer RNA forms a copy of the DNA molecule during translation.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #40
Transfer RNA forms a copy of a portion of the DNA molecule during transcription.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #41
Messenger RNA forms a copy of a gene in the DNA molecule during transcription.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #42
The process of translation during protein synthesis occurs at the ribosomes.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #43
Meiosis occurs ONLY in ovaries.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #44
Only prokaryotic organisms perform meiosis.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #45
Transcription in DNA results in the formation of an identical DNA strand.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
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