Anthropology 101 - Human Biological Evolution » Fall 2020 » Basic Biology Quiz
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Question #1
Prokaryotic cells are distinguishable from eukaryotic cells because prokaryotes do not contain:
A.
a plasma membrane
B.
Organelles
C.
a nucleus.
D.
DNA
Question #2
Cells
A.
are the basic units of life
B.
usually do not have DNA
C.
are only inherited from one parent
D.
only have a nucleus and no cytoplasm
Question #3
The cell nucleus
A.
contains genetic information
B.
contains only X and Y chromosomes
C.
is made up of ribosomes
D.
is not distinct from the cytoplasm
Question #4
Somatic cells are not
A.
basically all the cells in the body except those involved in reproduction
B.
one type of eukaryotic cell
C.
those that make up tissues, e.g. muscles and the brain
D.
gametes
Question #5
Ribosomes are
A.
the sex chromosomes
B.
found only in prokaryotes
C.
only present when the cell divides
D.
important to protein synthesis
Question #6
The two basic types of cells are somatic cells and
A.
gametes
B.
polar bodies
C.
organelles
D.
autosomes
Question #7
Gametes
A.
transmit genetic information from parent to offspring
B.
are also called zygotes
C.
are important structural components of the body
D.
are basic units of the DNA molecule composed of sugar
Question #8
DNA
A.
contains six different nitrogenous bases
B.
is composed of nitrogenous bases, sugars and gametes
C.
is composed of nucleotides
D.
is single-stranded
Question #9
A nucleotide
A.
is not a basic unit of the DNA molecule
B.
codes for the production of an amino acid
C.
is the same thing as an RNA molecule
D.
is composed of a nitrogenous base, a sugar, and a phosphate unit
Question #10
Which of the following nitrogenous bases is not found in DNA?
A.
Guanine
B.
Uracil
C.
Thymine
D.
Adenine
Question #11
Which of the following statements concerning RNA is false?
A.
It is single-stranded.
B.
It is involved in the synthesis of proteins.
C.
It contains the same sugar as found in DNA.
D.
It contains the base uracil instead of thymine.
Question #12
In protein synthesis, the process called transcription is which of the following?
A.
assembly of polypeptide chains
B.
formation of a mRNA molecule
C.
manufacture of tRNA
D.
production of amino acids
Question #13
What is the complete sequence of DNA bases that specifies the order of amino acids in an entire protein?
A.
gene
B.
helix
C.
amino acid
D.
codon
Question #14
What is the name for a triplet of mRNA bases?
A.
mutons
B.
alleles
C.
exon
D.
codon
Question #15
Chromosomes are
A.
composed of two strands during early stages of cell division
B.
made up of DNA and proteins
C.
visible during all stages of cell division
D.
indiscrete structures
Question #16
Autosomes
A.
carry genetic information influencing all physical characteristics
B.
occur singularly
C.
carry genetic information influencing all physical characteristics except primary sex determination
D.
carry genetic information that determine the individual’s sex
Question #17
How many chromosomes occur in a normal human somatic cell?
A.
46
B.
43
C.
44
D.
53
Question #18
How many chromosome pairs occur in a normal human somatic cell?
A.
23
B.
24
C.
22
D.
26
Question #19
What are the X and Y chromosomes called?
A.
sex chromosomes
B.
autosomes
C.
gametes
D.
karyotypes
Question #20
The Y chromosome
A.
is found in both sexes; males have two, and females have one
B.
influences numerous characteristics such as toe length
C.
can be inherited from either parent
D.
carries a gene that causes a fetus to develop as male
Question #21
Which of the following statements is true of mitosis?
A.
The result is gamete formation.
B.
There are two cell divisions before the process is complete.
C.
Crossing-over occurs between homologous chromosomes.
D.
The process requires only one cell division to be complete.
Question #22
After mitosis, daughter cells contain the same amount of DNA as in the original cell. Why?
A.
recombination
B.
DNA replication
C.
meiosis
D.
pairing of homologous chromosomes
Question #23
Meiosis
A.
is the cell division process in somatic cells
B.
involves two divisions and results in six daughter cells.
C.
is the cell division in specialized cells in ovaries and testes
D.
permits healing of injured tissue
Question #24
RNA uses a nucleotide called _____________, instead of thymine, during the transcription process.
A.
thiamine
B.
uracil
C.
codinine
D.
aspernine
Question #25
Proteins are manufactured within the cell at structures called:
A.
nucleoli
B.
ribosomes
C.
mitochondria
D.
nuclei
Question #26
The name for a triplet of mRNA bases is:
A.
Nucleotide markers
B.
mBases
C.
Codon
D.
Anticodon
Question #27
Where does transcription occur?
A.
At the ribosome
B.
Santa Monica army recruitment offices
C.
In the nucleus of eukaryotic cells
D.
In forensic anthropology laboratories
Question #28
Cells with one-half of the full complement of DNA are called
A.
diploid cells.
B.
base cells.
C.
haploid cells.
D.
stem cells.
Question #29
Mitosis is the division of ___________.
A.
Somatic cells
B.
DNA
C.
Gametes
D.
Protein synthesis
Question #30
Mitosis produces ____________.
A.
Two diploid cells
B.
Four haploid cells
C.
Two haploid cells
D.
One haploid cell
Question #31
Meiosis is the division of ____________.
A.
Sex cells
B.
Proteins
C.
DNA
D.
Somatic cells
Question #32
During meiosis, the sex cell divides
A.
Four times
B.
Twice
C.
Once
D.
Three times
Question #33
The first step of both mitosis and meiosis is
A.
Recombination
B.
Cell division
C.
Enzymatic halitosis
D.
DNA replication
Question #34
During _____________ , maternal and paternal chromosomes in a sex cell are shuffled
A.
replication
B.
recombination
C.
permutation
D.
regulation
Question #35
_____________ carry the genetic information from one generation to the next.
A.
Nuclei
B.
Gametes
C.
Diploid cells
D.
Immature base cells
Question #36
Mitochondrial DNA has the same molecular structure and function as nuclear DNA found in the nucleus.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #37
The structure of DNA can be described as a triple helix.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #38
A codon triplet is a series of three DNA bases.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #39
Transfer RNA forms a copy of the DNA molecule during translation.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #40
Transfer RNA forms a copy of a portion of the DNA molecule during transcription.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #41
Messenger RNA forms a copy of a gene in the DNA molecule during transcription.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #42
The process of translation during protein synthesis occurs at the ribosomes.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #43
Meiosis occurs ONLY in ovaries.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #44
Only prokaryotic organisms perform meiosis.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #45
Transcription in DNA results in the formation of an identical DNA strand.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
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