Anthropology 101 - Human Biological Evolution » Fall 2020 » Evolution and Genetics Quiz

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Question #1
The modern definition of evolution is:
A.   Survival of the fittest
B.   A change in gene frequencies from generation to generation
C.   Scientists have still not defined evolution
D.   Descent with modification
Question #2
The expanded description of evolution put forward by scientists since Darwin’s research is referred to as the
A.   punctuated equilibrium theory.
B.   revisionist evolutionary theory.
C.   evolutionary or modern synthesis.
D.   fitness fusion.
Question #3
All of the following can change gene frequencies from one generation to the next EXCEPT
A.   Mutation
B.   Natural selection
C.   Migration
D.   Devolution
Question #4
All of the following affect allele frequencies EXCEPT
A.   genetic shift
B.   natural selection
C.   migration
D.   genetic drift
Question #5
The processes of evolution are
A.   genetic variation, phenotypic variation, adaptation, and exaptation.
B.   mutation, gene flow, genetic drift, and natural selection.
C.   stabilizing selection, directional selection, and disruptive selection.
D.   natural selection, directional selection, and stabilizing selection.
Question #6
Natural selection changes gene frequencies because:
A.   differential reproductive success of individuals
B.   exchange of genes between populations
C.   chance loss of alleles in a population
D.   production of new alleles
Question #7
Mutation can change gene frequencies when
A.   False; mutations cannot change gene frequencies
B.   The mutation changes the gene itself and the gene spreads through the population
C.   When X-Men threaten the world
D.   Devolution occurs
Question #8
Gene flow can change gene frequencies when
A.   Individuals move from one population to another
B.   Individuals from two different populations produce offspring
C.   False; gene flow cannot change gene frequencies
D.   Speciation occurs
Question #9
Migration can change gene frequencies when
A.   Speciation occurs
B.   False; migration cannot change gene frequencies
C.   Individuals move from one population to another
D.   Individuals from two different populations produce offspring
Question #10
What is gene flow defined as?
A.   exchange of genes between populations
B.   differential reproductive success of individuals
C.   production of new alleles
D.   chance loss of alleles in a population
Question #11
Mutations may cause:
A.   a chance loss of alleles in a population
B.   the production of new alleles
C.   the exchange of genes between populations
D.   differential reproductive success of individuals
Question #12
What can genetic drift cause?
A.   production of new alleles
B.   chance loss of alleles in a population
C.   differential reproductive success of individuals
D.   exchange of genes between populations
Question #13
Genetic drift is
A.   the change in allele frequencies produced by nonrandom factors
B.   not evolutionary change
C.   the change in allele frequencies produced by random factors
D.   the opposite of founder effect
Question #14
The _________________ usually occurs after genetic drift in a group that remains reproductively isolated (avoids mating with individuals) from surrounding groups.
A.   stabilization of gene flow
B.   equilibrium of population genetics
C.   enhancement of adaptation
D.   founders effect
Question #15
The ABO blood type system consists of ______ alleles.
A.   4
B.   3
C.   6
D.   2
Question #16
What is type AB blood an example of?
A.   recessiveness
B.   dominance
C.   blending
D.   codominance
Question #17
Which of the following types of traits are governed by more than one genetic locus?
A.   Mendelian
B.   recessive
C.   dominant
D.   polygenic
Question #18
Continuously varying traits
A.   are affected by genes at many loci.
B.   a single gene has only a small effect on the phenotype.
C.   All of these statements are correct
D.   can be greatly impacted by the environment.
Question #19
Darwin was not able to explain how variation is maintained among individuals. Which of the following is a partial explanation of how variation is maintained among individuals?
A.   by the principles of Mendelian inheritance and variation hidden as recessive alleles
B.   through the mechanism of blending inheritance
C.   individuals behave in ways that benefit other individuals in the group
D.   the mechanism of natural selection
Question #20
Darwin was not able to explain the how novel traits might appear in a species or how a species may move beyond their initial range of variation. Which of the following genetic phenomena contribute to the appearance of novel traits among individuals?
A.   mutation and recombination
B.   genetic drift and the founder effect
C.   homologous traits and interspecific variation
D.   natural selection and genetic drift

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