Anthropology 101 - Human Biological Evolution » Fall 2020 » Evolution and Genetics Quiz

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Question #1
The modern definition of evolution is:
A.   Survival of the fittest
B.   Descent with modification
C.   Scientists have still not defined evolution
D.   A change in gene frequencies from generation to generation
Question #2
The expanded description of evolution put forward by scientists since Darwin’s research is referred to as the
A.   fitness fusion.
B.   punctuated equilibrium theory.
C.   revisionist evolutionary theory.
D.   evolutionary or modern synthesis.
Question #3
All of the following can change gene frequencies from one generation to the next EXCEPT
A.   Natural selection
B.   Migration
C.   Devolution
D.   Mutation
Question #4
All of the following affect allele frequencies EXCEPT
A.   genetic drift
B.   natural selection
C.   migration
D.   genetic shift
Question #5
The processes of evolution are
A.   natural selection, directional selection, and stabilizing selection.
B.   stabilizing selection, directional selection, and disruptive selection.
C.   genetic variation, phenotypic variation, adaptation, and exaptation.
D.   mutation, gene flow, genetic drift, and natural selection.
Question #6
Natural selection changes gene frequencies because:
A.   exchange of genes between populations
B.   chance loss of alleles in a population
C.   production of new alleles
D.   differential reproductive success of individuals
Question #7
Mutation can change gene frequencies when
A.   When X-Men threaten the world
B.   Devolution occurs
C.   The mutation changes the gene itself and the gene spreads through the population
D.   False; mutations cannot change gene frequencies
Question #8
Gene flow can change gene frequencies when
A.   Speciation occurs
B.   Individuals move from one population to another
C.   Individuals from two different populations produce offspring
D.   False; gene flow cannot change gene frequencies
Question #9
Migration can change gene frequencies when
A.   Speciation occurs
B.   False; migration cannot change gene frequencies
C.   Individuals from two different populations produce offspring
D.   Individuals move from one population to another
Question #10
What is gene flow defined as?
A.   production of new alleles
B.   chance loss of alleles in a population
C.   exchange of genes between populations
D.   differential reproductive success of individuals
Question #11
Mutations may cause:
A.   the exchange of genes between populations
B.   a chance loss of alleles in a population
C.   the production of new alleles
D.   differential reproductive success of individuals
Question #12
What can genetic drift cause?
A.   differential reproductive success of individuals
B.   exchange of genes between populations
C.   chance loss of alleles in a population
D.   production of new alleles
Question #13
Genetic drift is
A.   the opposite of founder effect
B.   the change in allele frequencies produced by random factors
C.   the change in allele frequencies produced by nonrandom factors
D.   not evolutionary change
Question #14
The _________________ usually occurs after genetic drift in a group that remains reproductively isolated (avoids mating with individuals) from surrounding groups.
A.   enhancement of adaptation
B.   stabilization of gene flow
C.   founders effect
D.   equilibrium of population genetics
Question #15
The ABO blood type system consists of ______ alleles.
A.   2
B.   3
C.   4
D.   6
Question #16
What is type AB blood an example of?
A.   codominance
B.   dominance
C.   recessiveness
D.   blending
Question #17
Which of the following types of traits are governed by more than one genetic locus?
A.   polygenic
B.   Mendelian
C.   dominant
D.   recessive
Question #18
Continuously varying traits
A.   All of these statements are correct
B.   are affected by genes at many loci.
C.   can be greatly impacted by the environment.
D.   a single gene has only a small effect on the phenotype.
Question #19
Darwin was not able to explain how variation is maintained among individuals. Which of the following is a partial explanation of how variation is maintained among individuals?
A.   individuals behave in ways that benefit other individuals in the group
B.   by the principles of Mendelian inheritance and variation hidden as recessive alleles
C.   the mechanism of natural selection
D.   through the mechanism of blending inheritance
Question #20
Darwin was not able to explain the how novel traits might appear in a species or how a species may move beyond their initial range of variation. Which of the following genetic phenomena contribute to the appearance of novel traits among individuals?
A.   genetic drift and the founder effect
B.   mutation and recombination
C.   natural selection and genetic drift
D.   homologous traits and interspecific variation

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