Anthropology 101 - Human Biological Evolution » Fall 2020 » Evolution and Genetics Quiz

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Question #1
The modern definition of evolution is:
A.   A change in gene frequencies from generation to generation
B.   Survival of the fittest
C.   Descent with modification
D.   Scientists have still not defined evolution
Question #2
The expanded description of evolution put forward by scientists since Darwin’s research is referred to as the
A.   punctuated equilibrium theory.
B.   revisionist evolutionary theory.
C.   fitness fusion.
D.   evolutionary or modern synthesis.
Question #3
All of the following can change gene frequencies from one generation to the next EXCEPT
A.   Mutation
B.   Migration
C.   Devolution
D.   Natural selection
Question #4
All of the following affect allele frequencies EXCEPT
A.   genetic shift
B.   genetic drift
C.   migration
D.   natural selection
Question #5
The processes of evolution are
A.   natural selection, directional selection, and stabilizing selection.
B.   stabilizing selection, directional selection, and disruptive selection.
C.   mutation, gene flow, genetic drift, and natural selection.
D.   genetic variation, phenotypic variation, adaptation, and exaptation.
Question #6
Natural selection changes gene frequencies because:
A.   production of new alleles
B.   chance loss of alleles in a population
C.   exchange of genes between populations
D.   differential reproductive success of individuals
Question #7
Mutation can change gene frequencies when
A.   Devolution occurs
B.   The mutation changes the gene itself and the gene spreads through the population
C.   False; mutations cannot change gene frequencies
D.   When X-Men threaten the world
Question #8
Gene flow can change gene frequencies when
A.   Individuals from two different populations produce offspring
B.   Speciation occurs
C.   Individuals move from one population to another
D.   False; gene flow cannot change gene frequencies
Question #9
Migration can change gene frequencies when
A.   False; migration cannot change gene frequencies
B.   Individuals move from one population to another
C.   Speciation occurs
D.   Individuals from two different populations produce offspring
Question #10
What is gene flow defined as?
A.   differential reproductive success of individuals
B.   production of new alleles
C.   exchange of genes between populations
D.   chance loss of alleles in a population
Question #11
Mutations may cause:
A.   the production of new alleles
B.   differential reproductive success of individuals
C.   the exchange of genes between populations
D.   a chance loss of alleles in a population
Question #12
What can genetic drift cause?
A.   differential reproductive success of individuals
B.   exchange of genes between populations
C.   production of new alleles
D.   chance loss of alleles in a population
Question #13
Genetic drift is
A.   the change in allele frequencies produced by random factors
B.   the change in allele frequencies produced by nonrandom factors
C.   the opposite of founder effect
D.   not evolutionary change
Question #14
The _________________ usually occurs after genetic drift in a group that remains reproductively isolated (avoids mating with individuals) from surrounding groups.
A.   equilibrium of population genetics
B.   enhancement of adaptation
C.   stabilization of gene flow
D.   founders effect
Question #15
The ABO blood type system consists of ______ alleles.
A.   3
B.   6
C.   4
D.   2
Question #16
What is type AB blood an example of?
A.   blending
B.   codominance
C.   recessiveness
D.   dominance
Question #17
Which of the following types of traits are governed by more than one genetic locus?
A.   dominant
B.   recessive
C.   Mendelian
D.   polygenic
Question #18
Continuously varying traits
A.   a single gene has only a small effect on the phenotype.
B.   can be greatly impacted by the environment.
C.   are affected by genes at many loci.
D.   All of these statements are correct
Question #19
Darwin was not able to explain how variation is maintained among individuals. Which of the following is a partial explanation of how variation is maintained among individuals?
A.   by the principles of Mendelian inheritance and variation hidden as recessive alleles
B.   individuals behave in ways that benefit other individuals in the group
C.   the mechanism of natural selection
D.   through the mechanism of blending inheritance
Question #20
Darwin was not able to explain the how novel traits might appear in a species or how a species may move beyond their initial range of variation. Which of the following genetic phenomena contribute to the appearance of novel traits among individuals?
A.   mutation and recombination
B.   genetic drift and the founder effect
C.   homologous traits and interspecific variation
D.   natural selection and genetic drift

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