Anthropology 101 - Human Biological Evolution » Fall 2020 » Evolution and Genetics Quiz

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Question #1
The modern definition of evolution is:
A.   A change in gene frequencies from generation to generation
B.   Survival of the fittest
C.   Descent with modification
D.   Scientists have still not defined evolution
Question #2
The expanded description of evolution put forward by scientists since Darwin’s research is referred to as the
A.   punctuated equilibrium theory.
B.   evolutionary or modern synthesis.
C.   revisionist evolutionary theory.
D.   fitness fusion.
Question #3
All of the following can change gene frequencies from one generation to the next EXCEPT
A.   Migration
B.   Natural selection
C.   Devolution
D.   Mutation
Question #4
All of the following affect allele frequencies EXCEPT
A.   natural selection
B.   genetic shift
C.   genetic drift
D.   migration
Question #5
The processes of evolution are
A.   genetic variation, phenotypic variation, adaptation, and exaptation.
B.   mutation, gene flow, genetic drift, and natural selection.
C.   natural selection, directional selection, and stabilizing selection.
D.   stabilizing selection, directional selection, and disruptive selection.
Question #6
Natural selection changes gene frequencies because:
A.   differential reproductive success of individuals
B.   chance loss of alleles in a population
C.   production of new alleles
D.   exchange of genes between populations
Question #7
Mutation can change gene frequencies when
A.   When X-Men threaten the world
B.   The mutation changes the gene itself and the gene spreads through the population
C.   Devolution occurs
D.   False; mutations cannot change gene frequencies
Question #8
Gene flow can change gene frequencies when
A.   Individuals from two different populations produce offspring
B.   Individuals move from one population to another
C.   False; gene flow cannot change gene frequencies
D.   Speciation occurs
Question #9
Migration can change gene frequencies when
A.   Individuals from two different populations produce offspring
B.   Individuals move from one population to another
C.   Speciation occurs
D.   False; migration cannot change gene frequencies
Question #10
What is gene flow defined as?
A.   production of new alleles
B.   differential reproductive success of individuals
C.   chance loss of alleles in a population
D.   exchange of genes between populations
Question #11
Mutations may cause:
A.   the exchange of genes between populations
B.   differential reproductive success of individuals
C.   a chance loss of alleles in a population
D.   the production of new alleles
Question #12
What can genetic drift cause?
A.   differential reproductive success of individuals
B.   exchange of genes between populations
C.   chance loss of alleles in a population
D.   production of new alleles
Question #13
Genetic drift is
A.   the change in allele frequencies produced by random factors
B.   not evolutionary change
C.   the change in allele frequencies produced by nonrandom factors
D.   the opposite of founder effect
Question #14
The _________________ usually occurs after genetic drift in a group that remains reproductively isolated (avoids mating with individuals) from surrounding groups.
A.   enhancement of adaptation
B.   equilibrium of population genetics
C.   stabilization of gene flow
D.   founders effect
Question #15
The ABO blood type system consists of ______ alleles.
A.   2
B.   6
C.   3
D.   4
Question #16
What is type AB blood an example of?
A.   codominance
B.   recessiveness
C.   dominance
D.   blending
Question #17
Which of the following types of traits are governed by more than one genetic locus?
A.   polygenic
B.   dominant
C.   Mendelian
D.   recessive
Question #18
Continuously varying traits
A.   are affected by genes at many loci.
B.   All of these statements are correct
C.   a single gene has only a small effect on the phenotype.
D.   can be greatly impacted by the environment.
Question #19
Darwin was not able to explain how variation is maintained among individuals. Which of the following is a partial explanation of how variation is maintained among individuals?
A.   through the mechanism of blending inheritance
B.   the mechanism of natural selection
C.   individuals behave in ways that benefit other individuals in the group
D.   by the principles of Mendelian inheritance and variation hidden as recessive alleles
Question #20
Darwin was not able to explain the how novel traits might appear in a species or how a species may move beyond their initial range of variation. Which of the following genetic phenomena contribute to the appearance of novel traits among individuals?
A.   genetic drift and the founder effect
B.   homologous traits and interspecific variation
C.   mutation and recombination
D.   natural selection and genetic drift

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