"Osmosis" refers to the movement of what substance across semipermeable membranes?

Carbon-12 and carbon-14 are isotopes. How are they different from each other?

Water molecules can form covalent bonds with other water molecules.

Which of the following is a type of molecular interaction that determines the tertiary structure of a protein? (Choose all that could apply),,

How many electrons are found in the outer shell of an oxygen atom?

Which would be true if substance X was moving into a cell by primary active transport?

The fate of all endocytotic vesicles is digestion of their contents by lysosomal enzymes.

Lysosomes are organelles specialized for breaking down intracellular debris or malfunctioning parts of cells.

What will happen if a normal cell is placed in a hypotonic solution?

Which form of endocytosis is nonspecific, in that it occurs by the formation of an invagination of the plasma membrane, which then fills with interstitial fluid of the immediate area?

Chromosomes are composed mainly of DNA.

Molecules that have properties of both polar and nonpolar molecules are called

When magnesium loses electrons to become an ion, what does it become?

In DNA, thymine binds with adenine and cytosine binds with uracil.

A pediatric patient presents with recurring bacterial infections. This could be due to a defect in phagocytosis.

Substance X is a mostly polar molecule and Substance Y is a mostly non-polar molecule of a similar size. You create an artificial cell surrounded by a phospholipid bilayer that is made only of phospholipids. Which will diffuse from the extracellular fluid to the intracellular fluid faster if they are in unequal concentrations outside and inside the cell?

The promoter sequence of nucleotides in a gene is present on both strands of the DNA molecule, allowing transcription of both strands.

A single genetic mutation will change a protein at what level of structure? (Choose all that could apply),,

Which organelles would you expect to be especially numerous in cells such as muscle cells that have a tremendous demand for energy in the form of ATP?

Which is NOT a function of the Golgi apparatus?

Which of the following is not true of the cytoskeleton?

Neurons have a very prominent nucleolus, which indicates that they are actively performing what function?

If a protein’s conformation changes it is likely that its function will change as well.

Ion channels in cell membranes

Which of the following is not true of a polar chemical bond?

The number of covalent bonds that can be formed by a given atom depends upon the number of electrons present in the outermost orbit.

Which is true about mediated transport of substances across cell membranes?

Which is a major function of the plasma membrane?

Which of the following correctly describes the structure of a gene?

Transcription factors activate or repress the transcription of specific genes by binding to regions of DNA that interact with the promoter region of a gene.

Which of the following contain phosphate groups?,,

Once protein synthesis is completed, the protein that was synthesized may undergo further changes prior to its secretion or use within the cell.

Dehydration reactions among glucose monomers will produce polysaccharides such as glycogen and cellulose

Intracellular fluid is defined as the fluid in the cytosol and organelles.

Macrophages are cells that engulf and digest bacteria and cell debris. To perform the digestive function, macrophages tend to have more __________ than other cells.

Hydrolysis of glycogen will have what effect on blood glucose level?

The reactions of the Krebs cycle

Which of these is an example of a hypertonic solution?

One function of integral membrane proteins in the plasma membrane of cells is to form channels to allow passage of nonpolar solutes into the cell.

Which of these processes can occur without the direct use of ATP? Choose all that could apply.,,

Your colleague has discovered a new species and you are viewing one of the cells under the electron microscope. You see a large, oval-shaped structure in the center of the cell, surrounded by a membrane. After this observation, you hypothesize that the cells of this species are prokaryotic cells.

Which of the following metabolic pathways can proceed in the absence of oxygen?

Regarding the tonicity and osmolarity of solutions, which of the following statements is not true?

Which of the following statements regarding the structure and function of cell membranes is correct?

The secondary structure of a polypeptide is formed by ionic bonds between amino groups and carboxyl groups

The major lipids in cellular membranes are phospholipids.

Glycoproteins are protein molecules with molecules of glycogen attached to the amino acid side chains.

Proteins are broken down to amino acids by enzymes called transaminases.

Which of these are functions of the Golgi apparatus?

What are the products of glycolysis under anaerobic conditions?

During oxidative phosphorylation, hydrogen atoms are passed serially from a coenzyme down a chain of molecules called cytochromes.

CO 2 is a small, non-polar molecule. It will cross the cell membrane by

Peripheral membrane proteins are involved in regulating cell shape and motility.

The Na/K ATPase pump is an enzyme that phosphorylates itself.