Psychology 041 - Lifespan Psychology » Spring 2019 » Chapter 7 Quiz

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Question #1
The hippocampus
A.   plays a vital role in memory and in images of space that help us find our way.
B.   contributes to dramatic gains in motor coordination.
C.   supports smooth coordination of movements on both sides of the body.
D.   aids in balance and control of body movement.
Question #2
As children move from the sensorimotor to the preoperational stage,
A.   symbolic mental activity increases.
B.   make-believe play diminishes.
C.   thinking becomes abstract.
D.   the use of objects in play becomes more realistic.
Question #3
Preschoolers exposed to substandard child care, especially for long hours, score higher in
A.   depression.
B.   behavior problems.
C.   cognitive skills.
D.   social skills.
Question #4
In well-nourished children, ordinary childhood illnesses
A.   have no effect on physical growth.
B.   often interfere with physical growth.
C.   often have severe consequences.
D.   occur earlier than in malnourished children.
Question #5
Eighteen-month-old Gabriella witnesses her mother finding a Duplo block in its labeled canister. When her mother isn't looking, Gabriella watches as her father moves the block to an unmarked canister. When her mother again searches for the block in the original canister, Gabriella helps her locate the block in the unmarked canister. This indicates that Gabriella may have an implicit grasp of
A.   class inclusion.
B.   irreversibility.
C.   conservation.
D.   false beliefs.
Question #6
Follow up research indicates that preschoolers' notions of magic are
A.   almost nonexistent by age 4.
B.   exaggerated by their love of storytelling.
C.   rare.
D.   flexible and appropriate.
Question #7
In the classic Piagetian conservation task using liquid, Jabar focuses on the heights of the water, failing to realize that changes in width compensate for changes in height. Jabar's thinking is characterized by
A.   magical thinking.
B.   dynamic transformation.
C.   centration.
D.   irreversibility.
Question #8
Children's self-directed speech is now called __________ speech.
A.   egocentric
B.   telegraphic
C.   private
D.   inner
Question #9
Which of the following preschoolers is the most likely to be seen as more socially competent by teachers?
A.   Kendra, who spends more of her time at sociodramatic play
B.   Sasha, who spends more of her time in the reading corner
C.   Tim, who spends more of his time in the art corner
D.   Rajesh, who spends more of his time with building blocks
Question #10
The ability to engage in effective and appropriate communication is called
A.   linguistics.
B.   conservation.
C.   pragmatics.
D.   language arts.
Question #11
Compared with other industrialized nations, the United States
A.   is safer in terms of childhood illnesses and injuries.
B.   has a high preschool immunization rate.
C.   has a low childhood injury death rate.
D.   has a high childhood injury death rate.
Question #12
Doctors can estimate __________ using X-rays of epiphyses.
A.   skeletal age
B.   loss of baby teeth
C.   weight
D.   height
Question #13
During early childhood, __________ skills increase at an astonishing pace.
A.   map reading
B.   drawing
C.   shape recognition
D.   language
Question #14
Because of their activity level, __________ are more likely to be injured than __________.
A.   shy children; outgoing children
B.   underactive children; overactive children
C.   boys; girls
D.   girls; boys
Question #15
Which of the following statements is supported by research on sex differences in motor skills?
A.   Sex differences in motor skills are largely due to genetically based differences.
B.   In early childhood, girls have a slight edge over boys in skills that emphasize force and power.
C.   Preschoolers exposed to formal lessons tend to be advanced in gross-motor development.
D.   Parents tend to foster gender-stereotyped physical activities in their children.
Question #16
Four-year-old Rex goes with his family to New York City. When Rex returns to his preschool, he volunteers to tell the class about his trip. Rex's memory of this personally meaningful, one-time event is known as
A.   metacognition.
B.   episodic memory.
C.   a script.
D.   autobiographical memory.
Question #17
Which of the following brain structures connects the two cerebral hemispheres?
A.   cerebellum
B.   glial cells
C.   corpus callosum
D.   reticular formation
Question #18
Young children in homes with __________ are at increased risk for decayed teeth.
A.   lead paint
B.   regular smokers
C.   pets
D.   multiple caregivers
Question #19
Piaget __________ preschoolers' __________.
A.   underestimated; magical thinking
B.   underestimated; egocentrism
C.   overestimated; abstract thinking
D.   overestimated; animistic beliefs

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