Psychology 041 - Lifespan Psychology » Spring 2019 » Chapter 7 Quiz

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Question #1
The hippocampus
A.   supports smooth coordination of movements on both sides of the body.
B.   plays a vital role in memory and in images of space that help us find our way.
C.   contributes to dramatic gains in motor coordination.
D.   aids in balance and control of body movement.
Question #2
As children move from the sensorimotor to the preoperational stage,
A.   the use of objects in play becomes more realistic.
B.   make-believe play diminishes.
C.   symbolic mental activity increases.
D.   thinking becomes abstract.
Question #3
Preschoolers exposed to substandard child care, especially for long hours, score higher in
A.   depression.
B.   social skills.
C.   behavior problems.
D.   cognitive skills.
Question #4
In well-nourished children, ordinary childhood illnesses
A.   have no effect on physical growth.
B.   occur earlier than in malnourished children.
C.   often have severe consequences.
D.   often interfere with physical growth.
Question #5
Eighteen-month-old Gabriella witnesses her mother finding a Duplo block in its labeled canister. When her mother isn't looking, Gabriella watches as her father moves the block to an unmarked canister. When her mother again searches for the block in the original canister, Gabriella helps her locate the block in the unmarked canister. This indicates that Gabriella may have an implicit grasp of
A.   false beliefs.
B.   conservation.
C.   class inclusion.
D.   irreversibility.
Question #6
Follow up research indicates that preschoolers' notions of magic are
A.   rare.
B.   exaggerated by their love of storytelling.
C.   almost nonexistent by age 4.
D.   flexible and appropriate.
Question #7
In the classic Piagetian conservation task using liquid, Jabar focuses on the heights of the water, failing to realize that changes in width compensate for changes in height. Jabar's thinking is characterized by
A.   magical thinking.
B.   irreversibility.
C.   dynamic transformation.
D.   centration.
Question #8
Children's self-directed speech is now called __________ speech.
A.   telegraphic
B.   private
C.   inner
D.   egocentric
Question #9
Which of the following preschoolers is the most likely to be seen as more socially competent by teachers?
A.   Kendra, who spends more of her time at sociodramatic play
B.   Rajesh, who spends more of his time with building blocks
C.   Tim, who spends more of his time in the art corner
D.   Sasha, who spends more of her time in the reading corner
Question #10
The ability to engage in effective and appropriate communication is called
A.   language arts.
B.   pragmatics.
C.   conservation.
D.   linguistics.
Question #11
Compared with other industrialized nations, the United States
A.   has a high preschool immunization rate.
B.   has a high childhood injury death rate.
C.   is safer in terms of childhood illnesses and injuries.
D.   has a low childhood injury death rate.
Question #12
Doctors can estimate __________ using X-rays of epiphyses.
A.   weight
B.   skeletal age
C.   loss of baby teeth
D.   height
Question #13
During early childhood, __________ skills increase at an astonishing pace.
A.   shape recognition
B.   drawing
C.   language
D.   map reading
Question #14
Because of their activity level, __________ are more likely to be injured than __________.
A.   boys; girls
B.   girls; boys
C.   underactive children; overactive children
D.   shy children; outgoing children
Question #15
Which of the following statements is supported by research on sex differences in motor skills?
A.   Sex differences in motor skills are largely due to genetically based differences.
B.   Preschoolers exposed to formal lessons tend to be advanced in gross-motor development.
C.   Parents tend to foster gender-stereotyped physical activities in their children.
D.   In early childhood, girls have a slight edge over boys in skills that emphasize force and power.
Question #16
Four-year-old Rex goes with his family to New York City. When Rex returns to his preschool, he volunteers to tell the class about his trip. Rex's memory of this personally meaningful, one-time event is known as
A.   episodic memory.
B.   a script.
C.   autobiographical memory.
D.   metacognition.
Question #17
Which of the following brain structures connects the two cerebral hemispheres?
A.   glial cells
B.   reticular formation
C.   corpus callosum
D.   cerebellum
Question #18
Young children in homes with __________ are at increased risk for decayed teeth.
A.   multiple caregivers
B.   lead paint
C.   pets
D.   regular smokers
Question #19
Piaget __________ preschoolers' __________.
A.   overestimated; abstract thinking
B.   underestimated; magical thinking
C.   underestimated; egocentrism
D.   overestimated; animistic beliefs

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