Soc 101 - Introduction to Sociology » Fall 2020 » Chapter 20 iRAT

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Question #1
Anil has noticed that infertility has been affecting many of his intergenerational friends and family. Based on this observation, Anil is writing his senior thesis on the effects that certain cities, water quality, and hormones might have on his friends. Anil will most likely approach his findings and paper using which theory?
A.   Malthusian theory
B.   Demographic transition theory
C.   Cornucopian theory
D.   Zero population growth theory
Question #2
Melissa has been working to develop drought-resistance seeds that require little water to grow and which produce grain. She wants to send these to arid parts of the world, where conventional grain is not easy (or even impossible) to grow to improve nutrition for the people in those countries. In sociological terms, Melissa most likely ascribes to:
A.   Demographic transition theory
B.   Cornucopian theory
C.   Zero population growth theory
D.   Malthusian theory
Question #3
In 2013, the number of refugees, asylum-seekers, and internally displaced people worldwide exceeded ______ people for the first time since the end of World War II.
A.   90 million
B.   45 million
C.   50 million
D.   100 million
Question #4
Why do we have two words for a big city: metropolis and megalopolis?
A.   A metropolis has less than 2 million people, while a megalopolis has more than 5 million people.
B.   A metropolis is just one city while a megalopolis includes many different cities.
C.   These are made up words. 
D.   A metropolis only has domestic airports while a megalopolis has international airports.
E.   A metropolis is characterized by the presence of a subway, while a megalopolis is characterized by a public bus system.
Question #5
What is one way the people of the United States, and the world, are reaching and abusing the Earth’s carrying capacity?
A.   We eat animals when we should really only eat plants which are much more renewable. 
B.   We have created parks and protected forested areas, sometimes in vain. 
C.   We show little concern about contaminating water with our garbage and waste.
D.   We spend money ejecting trash into outer space.
E.   We hoard too much in our homes.
Question #6
Why has e-waste become an issue, especially in the 21st century?
A.   E-waste is a natural by-product of an industrialized nation and cannot be helped. People must resign themselves to its presence and find better ways of purifying water, soil, and air. 
B.   E-waste not only contains harmful chemicals, but electronics become obsolete every six months or so, which means, every six months people are throwing away perfectly good electronics in order to get the newest one. This has led to an enormous increase in the amount of trash people produce.
C.   E-waste is not easily recyclable because often in the same machine there is glass, plastic, and metal. Also e-waste tends to consist of big, heavy machinery that is difficult to dispose of properly.
D.   E-waste is a sign of degrading cultural values. People no longer value creating lasting products or getting products fixed; they would much rather just buy a new one and discard the old one.
Question #7
“Climate change” is a less politicized phrase that has replaced:
A.   Weather prediction
B.   Recycling
C.   Global warming
D.   Pollution
E.   Water waste
Question #8
Josh sits in his kitchen in the city projects trying to sip his coffee while inhaling the nauseating fumes wafting from the town dump that was relocated to within a mile of his home. He desperately wishes he could move, but he works two jobs just to make ends meet for his family. Josh lives in the poorer part of town; the part that is greatly overlooked by local government officials. What might a sociologist call this phenomenon?
A.   gentrification
B.   white flight
C.   environmental racism
D.   urbanization
Question #9
Which of the following is one of the many concerns with the practice of fracking?
A.   Fracking requires a huge amount of water.
B.   The chemicals used in a fracking mix create a potentially putrid odor.
C.   Fracking includes drilling vertically into the rock to create new pathways for gas to travel.
D.   Fracking may cause volcanoes to erupt by undermining the seismic stability of an area.

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