Anthropology 101 - Human Biological Evolution » Fall 2020 » Hominins Bipedality and the First Bipedal Apes Quiz

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Question #1
During the late Miocene, Africa
A.   became cooler and drier.
B.   shifted farther north.
C.   had an expansion of dense forests.
D.   became warmer and wetter.
Question #2
The dentition of hominins (bipedal apes) includes all of the following except
A.   smaller diastema
B.   thick enamel
C.   smaller, non-honing canines
D.   thin enamel
Question #3
Adaptive advantages of bipedalism include the following except
A.   more efficient way of covering long distances
B.   further refinements to capabilities used for swimming
C.   decreasing exposure to direct sunlight in open country like the savanna
Question #4
What feature of the skull is associated with bipedality?
A.   A broad ilium
B.   The placement of the foramen magnum at the center of the base of the skull in a 90 degree angle to the spinal cord
C.   Placement of the nuchal torus
D.   The placement of the foramen magnum toward the rear of the skull in a 45 degree angle to the spinal cord
Question #5
Large gluteal muscles are attached to a broad and thick ilium in hominins because
A.   it allowed hominins to kick their legs more efficiently while treading water in increasingly wet environments.
B.   females found this trait attractive.
C.   these muscles pull downward on the pelvis to counteract the weight of the torso while on one foot.
D.   it became advantageous for primates to hang upside down on tree limbs to defend themselves from predators.
Question #6
What features of the femur are associated with bipedality?
A.   Long femoral neck and bicondylar angle at the bottom
B.   Straight and long
C.   Shorter length and increased thickness
D.   Longer length but thinner bone
Question #7
Sahelanthropus tchadensis is believed to have been bipedal because
A.   none of these statements are correct
B.   The shape of its pelvis
C.   The morphology of its femur includes a long femoral neck
D.   The placement of the foramen magnum is toward the center of the base of the skull
Question #8
The fossilized remains of Sahelanthropus tchadensis are dated to approximately
A.   760 mya
B.   this species actually still exists in remote regions of Oregon
C.   7,600 thousand years ago
D.   7-6 mya
Question #9
The fossilized remains of Ardipithecus ramidus are dated to approximately
A.   450 mya
B.   this species actually still exists in remote regions of Oregon
C.   4-5 mya
D.   4,500 thousand years ago
Question #10
Although Ardipithecus ramidus was most likely bipedal, this creature also had
A.   None of these responses are correct
B.   Webbed toes as an adaptation for swimming
C.   Opposable toes
D.   A prehensile tail

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