Family and Consumer Studies 21- Marriage and Family Life » Summer 2020 » Exam 3
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Question #1
For the majority of exercisers, adding excess protein or amino acid supplements to an adequate diet will stimulate muscle building.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #2
Sickle-cell disease is an example of an inherited variation in the amino acid sequence.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #3
When a person ingests a large dose of any single amino acid, absorption of others of its type may be limited.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #4
Comprehension-Level Multiple-Choice Items Which of the following accounts for the differences among the various amino acids?
A.
the presence or absence of nitrogen
B.
the acid group
C.
the side chain
D.
the amine group
E.
the type of bonds
Question #5
Comprehension-Level Multiple-Choice Items A(n) ____ bond is formed between the amine group end of one amino acid and the acid group end of the next amino acid in a protein
A.
peptide
B.
carbon
C.
denatured
D.
sulfur
E.
amino acid
Question #6
Comprehension-Level Multiple-Choice Items Which of the following is a protein catalyst, which facilitates chemical reactions?
A.
hormone
B.
antibody
C.
enzyme
D.
amino acid
E.
lipoprotein
Question #7
Comprehension-Level Multiple-Choice Items The sequences of amino acids that make up a protein molecule are specified by:
A.
the diet.
B.
genes
C.
age.
D.
gender.
E.
sex.
Question #8
Comprehension-Level Multiple-Choice Items For athletes, the path to bigger muscles includes:
A.
well-timed meals to directly stimulate protein synthesis.
B.
vigorous physical training with balanced nutrition.
C.
extra protein to allow for less physical exertion.
D.
small doses of protein supplements after workouts.
E.
less protein and more carbohydrate than is recommended for non-athletes.
Question #9
Comprehension-Level Multiple-Choice Items The DRI Committee recommends _____ percent of total calories as the minimum amount of protein.
A.
35
B.
20
C.
10
D.
15
E.
5
Question #10
Comprehension-Level Multiple-Choice Items The DRI for protein for healthy adults is _____ gram(s) per kilogram of body weight.
A.
1.0
B.
0.8
C.
2.0
D.
0.5
E.
1.5
Question #11
Comprehension-Level Multiple-Choice Items Negative nitrogen balance occurs in:
A.
lactating women.
B.
a casual exerciser.
C.
a surgery patient.
D.
pregnant women.
E.
growing children.
Question #12
Comprehension-Level Multiple-Choice Items The strategy of combining two _____ plant protein sources permits the amino acids in one food to make up for those lacking in the other food.
A.
whole-grain
B.
high-tryptophan
C.
complementary
D.
indigestible
E.
complete
Question #13
Comprehension-Level Multiple-Choice Items Which of the following provides amino acids that are best absorbed by the body?
A.
fruits
B.
grains
C.
vegetables
D.
legumes
E.
poultry
Question #14
Comprehension-Level Multiple-Choice Items Which of the following cooking methods would you use to increase the digestibility of protein?
A.
smoking
B.
frying
C.
baking
D.
stewing
E.
grilling
Question #15
Comprehension-Level Multiple-Choice Items An overemphasis on protein-rich foods can lead to:
A.
a low intake of all vitamins.
B.
a low intake of iron.
C.
a low intake of folate.
D.
an excessive intake of vitamin C.
E.
a low intake of vitamin B12.
Question #16
Comprehension-Level Multiple-Choice Items The more animal protein you eat, the higher your intake of _____.
A.
folate
B.
vitamin B12
C.
serotonin
D.
vitamin C
E.
vitamin A
Question #17
Comprehension-Level Multiple-Choice Items Which of the following food groups does not provide significant protein?
A.
vegetables
B.
fruits
C.
milk, yogurt, and cheese
D.
grains
E.
legumes
Question #18
Application-Level Multiple-Choice Items Humans need to eat protein-containing foods regularly because:
A.
our bodies cannot make any amino acids needed for proteins.
B.
we need essential amino acids that can only be provided by foods.
C.
the function of protein is to maintain our muscle strength.
D.
protein is broken down quickly during digestion and lost from the body.
E.
protein is a good source of the essential nutrients iron, zinc, and B12.
Question #19
Application-Level Multiple-Choice Items Tim, who lost a large amount of weight during an illness, is thinking about taking amino acid supplements to help him regain muscle mass. What advice would you give him?
A.
Taking amino acid supplements helps keep the digestive system from overworking while you recover from illness.
B.
Amino acid supplements are an excellent way to quickly provide energy to muscles for rebuilding.
C.
He should also do plenty of exercise to promote muscle regain.
D.
Whole protein is better handled by the digestive system and will better promote recovery.
E.
Extra carbohydrate, but never extra protein, is needed for recovery.
Question #20
Application-Level Multiple-Choice Items A child suffering from protein deficiency develops edema. This is an example of protein’s role in:
A.
supporting growth and maintenance.
B.
maintaining acid-base balance.
C.
maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance.
D.
maintaining pH balance.
E.
building enzymes and hormones.
Question #21
Application-Level Multiple-Choice Items Certain proteins act as buffers in the blood. In this role they are responsible for:
A.
making sure that sodium is transported outside the cells.
B.
providing immunity from foreign substances that invade the body.
C.
ensuring that blood glucose is maintained within a specific range.
D.
ensuring that too much fluid in the cells doesn’t cause edema.
E.
picking up and releasing hydrogens in the blood to balance its pH.
Question #22
Application-Level Multiple-Choice Items An athlete consumes large amounts of meat in an effort to build extra muscle tissue. This practice does not work because:
A.
the body uses excess amino acids as fuel or stores them as fat.
B.
the body has only a limited capacity to store extra amino acids.
C.
a diet high in protein does not provide enough total energy to support growth.
D.
the body will dismantle its tissue proteins in this situation.
E.
meat does not provide sufficient amino acids to build muscle tissue.
Question #23
Application-Level Multiple-Choice Items In times of energy shortage due to inadequate carbohydrates or fats in foods, the body uses protein in what way?
A.
strips off its acid groups so that they can be used elsewhere for energy
B.
stores amino acids in the cells to be used later for energy
C.
decreases the breakdown of food proteins for energy and uses stored glycogen
D.
removes the nitrogen portion and uses the remaining fragments for energy
E.
converts it to fat to provide more concentrated energy
Question #24
Application-Level Multiple-Choice Items A sedentary male college student aged 23 needs how much protein if he weighs 175 pounds?
A.
140 grams/day
B.
86 grams/day
C.
175 grams/day
D.
46 grams/day
E.
64 grams/day
Question #25
Application-Level Multiple-Choice Items A 10-year-old boy is going through a growth spurt. Because he needs to build new muscle tissue, what should his nitrogen status be?
A.
nitrogen excess
B.
nitrogen equilibrium
C.
positive nitrogen balance
D.
negative nitrogen balance
E.
nitrogen deficiency
Question #26
Controversy 6 Multiple-Choice Items Your mother is considering changing her diet to include only non-meat proteins to reduce her risk of developing heart disease or cancer. What evidence is available to support her decision?
A.
Substituting soy for meat proteins has resulted in a large decrease in heart disease risk.
B.
Plant-based diets are usually lower in saturated fat and higher in fiber, which reduces risk of heart disease.
C.
Lung cancer never develops in people eating plant-based diets.
D.
Intakes of fruit and vegetables decrease when meat consumption decreases.
E.
Vegetarian diets contain greater amounts of heart-protective omega-3 fatty acids.
Question #27
Taller people need proportionately more energy than shorter people to balance their energy budgets.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #28
Waist circumference indicates visceral fatness, and above a certain girth, disease risks rise.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #29
For someone with at least one obese parent, the chance of becoming obese is estimated to be between 30 and 70 percent.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #30
Leptin is a hormone produced by the body to stimulate the appetite and encourage eating.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #31
Comprehension-Level Multiple-Choice Items Excess fat ____ represents a greater risk to health than excess fat elsewhere on the body.
A.
under the skin around the hips
B.
deep within the abdomen
C.
under the skin of the chest
D.
deep within the shoulders
E.
in the extremities
Question #32
Comprehension-Level Multiple-Choice Items Waist circumference reflects the degree of ____ in proportion to body fatness.
A.
gynoid obesity
B.
lean tissue
C.
total body fatness
D.
visceral fatness
E.
subcutaneous fat
Question #33
Comprehension-Level Multiple-Choice Items A body mass index of 25.0 to 29.9 in an adult indicates:
A.
underweight.
B.
overweight.
C.
morbid obesity.
D.
obesity.
E.
normal weight.
Question #34
Comprehension-Level Multiple-Choice Items A rule of thumb that has been used in the past but does not apply equally to everyone is that one pound of body fat is equal to ____ calories.
A.
4000
B.
2500
C.
3000
D.
3500
E.
4200
Question #35
Comprehension-Level Multiple-Choice Items All of the following factors are associated with a higher basal metabolic rate except:
A.
stress.
B.
fever.
C.
youth.
D.
greater height.
E.
starvation.
Question #36
Comprehension-Level Multiple-Choice Items The psychological desire to eat is referred to as:
A.
hunger.
B.
appetite.
C.
satiation.
D.
obesity.
E.
satiety.
Question #37
Comprehension-Level Multiple-Choice Items Which types of foods sustain satiety longer than other foods?
A.
high in fiber
B.
high in digestible starch
C.
lowin protein
D.
high in sugar
E.
low in fat
Question #38
Comprehension-Level Multiple-Choice Items What is a food desert?
A.
an area where no fast-food restaurants are available for quick and easy meals
B.
an area where only large chain supermarkets sell food
C.
an urban area where people live with no access to any foods for purchase
D.
a rural area where only local supermarkets are available
E.
an area where only convenience stores and fast-food restaurants sell food
Question #39
Comprehension-Level Multiple-Choice Items In early food deprivation, the nervous system cannot use ____ as fuel.
A.
protein
B.
glucose
C.
carbohydrate
D.
fat
E.
ketones
Question #40
Comprehension-Level Multiple-Choice Items Energy nutrients can be stored in the body as:
A.
ethanol.
B.
triglycerides and lean tissue.
C.
glycogen and fat.
D.
protein stores andglycogen.
E.
lean tissue.
Question #41
Comprehension-Level Multiple-Choice Items Which statement is FALSE?
A.
Any food can make you fat if you eat enough of it.
B.
Protein is used to build muscles in response to exercise.
C.
Excess amino acids are stored in muscle.
D.
Alcohol delivers calories and encourages fat storage.
E.
Excess carbohydrate is converted to glycogen or fat and stored.
Question #42
Comprehension-Level Multiple-Choice Items A very-low-carbohydrate diet may be accompanied by:
A.
ketosis.
B.
slow weight loss.
C.
increased appetite, initially.
D.
greater long-term weight loss.
E.
accelerated metabolism.
Question #43
Comprehension-Level Multiple-Choice Items An eating pattern of foods high in ____ is associated with being overweight.
A.
carbohydrates
B.
nonnutritive sweeteners
C.
plant proteins
D.
energy density
E.
nutrient density
Question #44
Comprehension-Level Multiple-Choice Items One of the major benefits of physical activity for weight management is:
A.
significantly raising the BMR for several hours after exercise.
B.
an increase in lean muscle tissue, which burns more energy.
C.
an increase in appetite immediately after exercise.
D.
being able to eat high-calorie snacks.
E.
a significant reduction in food cravings.
Question #45
Application-Level Multiple-Choice Items Mary has a waist circumference of 38 inches. Based on this information, you conclude that:
A.
she exhibits an unhealthful “pear-like” body shape.
B.
she is probably between and 25 and 35 years old.
C.
she is at very low risk for insulin resistance.
D.
she is at an increased risk for chronic disease.
E.
she has a large amount of subcutaneous fat.
Question #46
Application-Level Multiple-Choice Items A woman who is a varsity soccer player has a BMI of 26, a waist circumference of 32, and 23percent body fat. What would you say about her body composition?
A.
she has a high level of visceral fat accumulation
B.
she is obese and at risk for developing chronic diseases
C.
she is within recommendations for waist circumference and percent body fat
D.
her BMI puts her in the overweight category,which trumps waist circumference and body fat percentage
E.
her performance will be affected by her body fat accumulation
Question #47
Application-Level Multiple-Choice Items You decide to skip lunch for several weeks to lose weight and fit into a favorite outfit for a special occasion. Which of the following will probably be the greatest obstacle to the success of this plan?
A.
hunger
B.
appetite
C.
satiety
D.
satiation
E.
increased metabolic rate
Question #48
The BMI is very valuable in helping muscular athletes determine their health risks.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #49
The set-point theory states that the body’s regulatory controls will maintain body weight over time and resist efforts to lose weight by dieting.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #50
High-protein, low-carbohydrate diets have been shown to be much more effective than other low-calorie plans in promoting successful weight loss.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
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