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Pathophysiology 370 - Pathophysiology » Fall 2020 » RTS Week 7

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Question #1

Ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease share several similarities. Specific distinctions or differences that are unique to Crohn disease include which of the following? (Select all that apply.),,

A. Pain that is severe and localized

B. Primary affecting of the proximal portion of the colon

C. Increased risk for colorectal cancer

D. Smoking's increasing the risk

E. Increased risk of developing intestinal cancer

Question #2

Which serum enzyme is the most specific for diagnosing acute pancreatitis?

A. Amylase

B. Aminotransferase

C. Glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase

D. Lipase

Question #3

What likelihood is there that gestational diabetes will persist or recur after pregnancy?

A. About 90% of women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus will have a recurrence in subsequent pregnancies.

B. If glucose tolerance returns after pregnancy, there is low likelihood of recurrence of diabetes mellitus.

C. Women with gestational diabetes have about the same incidence of developing type 2 diabetes as women in the general population.

D. Gestational diabetes markedly increases the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Question #4

Children who have midline craniocerebral defects, nystagmus, retinal abnormalities, and other midline or midfacial abnormalities (e.g., cleft lip or palate) should be evaluated for deficiencies in

A. T3 and T4 hormones

B. Corticosteroid hormones

C. Parathyroid hormone

D. Growth hormone

Question #5

At present, universal vaccination of children is recommended for: (Select all that apply),,

A. Hepatitis E

B. Hepatitis A

C. Hepatitis D

D. Hepatitis B

E. Hepatitis C

Question #6

Diabetes mellitus is most accurately defined as a disorder that affects

A. The utilization of fats and glucose

B. The utilization of all energy nutrients

C. Glucose metabolism and utilization

D. The metabolism of glycogen stores and glucose

Question #7

When damage occurs to the antidiuretic hormone (ADH)-producing cells in the hypothalamus from head trauma, intracranial tumors, or neurosurgery, what disorder is suggested by a large diuresis of very dilute urine?

A. Kidney damage

B. Diabetes insipidus

C. Adrenogenital syndrome

D. Diabetes mellitus

Question #8

The conditions of pituitary gigantism in children and acromegaly in adults are produced by excessive levels of

A. Thyroid hormone

B. Growth hormone

C. Corticosteroid hormone

D. Antidiuretic hormone

Question #9

For the individual with type 2 diabetes, the immediate problems brought about by hyperglycemia can lead to which of the following? (Select all that apply.),,

A. Further diminished insulin secretion

B. Suppressed lipogenesis

C. Polydipsia and polyuria

D. Ketoacidosis

E. Insulin resistance

Question #10

The patient’s perceived difficulty in swallowing, the general inability to initiate swallowing, or even the feeling that swallowed solids or liquids “stick” in the throat is called

A. Dysphagia

B. Odynophagia

C. Dyspepsia

D. Stomatitis

Question #11

When telescoping or invagination of a portion of the bowel into an adjacent distal portion occurs in an infant, the condition is diagnosed as

A. Volvulus

B. Intussusception

C. Hirschsprung disease

D. Megacolon

Question #12

Appendicitis is one of the most common abdominal conditions requiring emergency surgery. Although its symptoms sometimes overlap with those of other abdominal disorders, appendicitis is initially characterized by which of the following? (Select all that apply.),,

A. Fever

B. Migrating lower-right abdomen pain

C. Nausea

D. Periumbilical pain

E. Diarrhea

Question #13

Cushing syndrome differs from Cushing disease in that the term Cushing syndrome is used only to describe

A. Hypercortisolism manifestations, regardless of cause

B. Hypercortisolism caused by prolonged use of corticosteroid drugs

C. Hypercortisolism caused by ectopic nonpituitary tumors

D. Hypercortisolism that is pituitary dependent

Question #14

Cholecystitis is caused by

A. Chronic gastritis

B. Inflammatory reactions

C. A fatty diet

D. Spicy food intake

Question #15

Microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus are seen in

A. Retinopathy and nephropathy

B. Damage to large blood vessels supplying the brain

C. Ischemic cerebrovascular accidents

D. Hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accidents

Question #16

In adrenocortical insufficiency, such as Addison disease, the most severe manifestations are the result of

A. An insufficient amount of T4 and T3

B. An insufficient amount of circulating cortisol

C. Decreased levels of all the adrenocortical hormones

D. Deficiencies in the renin-angiotensin system

Question #17

The strong risk factors for colon cancer include which of the following? (Select all that apply.),,

A. Crohn disease

B. Heredity

C. High-fat diet

D. Aging

E. Gender

Question #18

Which characteristic is found in the condition of cholelithiasis (gallstones)?

A. Asians are at highest risk for gallstones.

B. The presence of gallstones universally creates colicky symptoms.

C. Gallstones are twice as frequent in women as in men.

D. Gallstones can be treated only through surgery.

Question #19

Acute necrotizing pancreatitis raises the threat of what devastating sequela?

A. Diabetes with neuropathy

B. Cerebral edema

C. Bowel obstruction

D. Multisystem organ dysfunction

Question #20

In abdominal disorders, the location of “referred” pain felt by the patient is usually

A. In the same dermatome as the source

B. Very close to the source

C. On the opposite side of the source

D. directly over the source

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