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Pathophysiology 370 - Pathophysiology » Fall 2020 » RTS Week 7

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Question #1

Ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease share several similarities. Specific distinctions or differences that are unique to Crohn disease include which of the following? (Select all that apply.),,

A. Increased risk for colorectal cancer

B. Pain that is severe and localized

C. Increased risk of developing intestinal cancer

D. Smoking's increasing the risk

E. Primary affecting of the proximal portion of the colon

Question #2

Which serum enzyme is the most specific for diagnosing acute pancreatitis?

A. Glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase

B. Lipase

C. Amylase

D. Aminotransferase

Question #3

What likelihood is there that gestational diabetes will persist or recur after pregnancy?

A. About 90% of women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus will have a recurrence in subsequent pregnancies.

B. Women with gestational diabetes have about the same incidence of developing type 2 diabetes as women in the general population.

C. Gestational diabetes markedly increases the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus.

D. If glucose tolerance returns after pregnancy, there is low likelihood of recurrence of diabetes mellitus.

Question #4

Children who have midline craniocerebral defects, nystagmus, retinal abnormalities, and other midline or midfacial abnormalities (e.g., cleft lip or palate) should be evaluated for deficiencies in

A. Parathyroid hormone

B. Corticosteroid hormones

C. T3 and T4 hormones

D. Growth hormone

Question #5

At present, universal vaccination of children is recommended for: (Select all that apply),,

A. Hepatitis D

B. Hepatitis E

C. Hepatitis B

D. Hepatitis A

E. Hepatitis C

Question #6

Diabetes mellitus is most accurately defined as a disorder that affects

A. The utilization of fats and glucose

B. The metabolism of glycogen stores and glucose

C. The utilization of all energy nutrients

D. Glucose metabolism and utilization

Question #7

When damage occurs to the antidiuretic hormone (ADH)-producing cells in the hypothalamus from head trauma, intracranial tumors, or neurosurgery, what disorder is suggested by a large diuresis of very dilute urine?

A. Kidney damage

B. Adrenogenital syndrome

C. Diabetes insipidus

D. Diabetes mellitus

Question #8

The conditions of pituitary gigantism in children and acromegaly in adults are produced by excessive levels of

A. Antidiuretic hormone

B. Growth hormone

C. Thyroid hormone

D. Corticosteroid hormone

Question #9

For the individual with type 2 diabetes, the immediate problems brought about by hyperglycemia can lead to which of the following? (Select all that apply.),,

A. Insulin resistance

B. Further diminished insulin secretion

C. Ketoacidosis

D. Suppressed lipogenesis

E. Polydipsia and polyuria

Question #10

The patient’s perceived difficulty in swallowing, the general inability to initiate swallowing, or even the feeling that swallowed solids or liquids “stick” in the throat is called

A. Dysphagia

B. Odynophagia

C. Stomatitis

D. Dyspepsia

Question #11

When telescoping or invagination of a portion of the bowel into an adjacent distal portion occurs in an infant, the condition is diagnosed as

A. Volvulus

B. Intussusception

C. Hirschsprung disease

D. Megacolon

Question #12

Appendicitis is one of the most common abdominal conditions requiring emergency surgery. Although its symptoms sometimes overlap with those of other abdominal disorders, appendicitis is initially characterized by which of the following? (Select all that apply.),,

A. Diarrhea

B. Fever

C. Nausea

D. Migrating lower-right abdomen pain

E. Periumbilical pain

Question #13

Cushing syndrome differs from Cushing disease in that the term Cushing syndrome is used only to describe

A. Hypercortisolism manifestations, regardless of cause

B. Hypercortisolism caused by ectopic nonpituitary tumors

C. Hypercortisolism that is pituitary dependent

D. Hypercortisolism caused by prolonged use of corticosteroid drugs

Question #14

Cholecystitis is caused by

A. Inflammatory reactions

B. Chronic gastritis

C. A fatty diet

D. Spicy food intake

Question #15

Microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus are seen in

A. Hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accidents

B. Ischemic cerebrovascular accidents

C. Damage to large blood vessels supplying the brain

D. Retinopathy and nephropathy

Question #16

In adrenocortical insufficiency, such as Addison disease, the most severe manifestations are the result of

A. Deficiencies in the renin-angiotensin system

B. An insufficient amount of T4 and T3

C. Decreased levels of all the adrenocortical hormones

D. An insufficient amount of circulating cortisol

Question #17

The strong risk factors for colon cancer include which of the following? (Select all that apply.),,

A. Aging

B. Heredity

C. Crohn disease

D. Gender

E. High-fat diet

Question #18

Which characteristic is found in the condition of cholelithiasis (gallstones)?

A. Gallstones can be treated only through surgery.

B. The presence of gallstones universally creates colicky symptoms.

C. Gallstones are twice as frequent in women as in men.

D. Asians are at highest risk for gallstones.

Question #19

Acute necrotizing pancreatitis raises the threat of what devastating sequela?

A. Diabetes with neuropathy

B. Cerebral edema

C. Multisystem organ dysfunction

D. Bowel obstruction

Question #20

In abdominal disorders, the location of “referred” pain felt by the patient is usually

A. In the same dermatome as the source

B. On the opposite side of the source

C. Very close to the source

D. directly over the source

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