A.   Realism

B.   Positivism

C.   Pluralism

D.   elitism

E.   Idealism

A.   base their decisions according to self-interest…as one defines that self-interest to be.

B.   base their decisions according to societal trends of emotional influence.

C.   base their decisions according to societal trends of behavior

D.   base their decisions according to the best interest of another party.

E.   base their decisions on their own emotional needs.

A.   Positivism.

B.   Idealism.

C.   Pluralism

D.   Realism.

E.   Elitism.

A.   Success is determined according only to one’s ability to achieve set goals.

B.   The success of one party does not depend on the success of another.

C.   None of these answers are correct

D.   Success is not determined according to one’s ability to achieve set goals.

E.   The success of one party is determined according to the success of its related peer.

A.   Culturalism.

B.   Pluralism.

C.   Idealism.

D.   Realism.

E.   Elitism.

A.   Individuals pursue power in order to acquire additional resources. The accruement of power is the net result of using force to secure a greater “capacity of power.”

B.   Individuals pursue power in order to acquire additional resources. Compliance is not a viable route to the accruement of resources. Using force never decreases one’s overall “capacity of resources.”

C.   None of these answers are correct.

D.   Individuals pursue power in order to acquire additional resources that enable one to encourage further compliance among peers. Securing compliance adds to one’s overall capacity of power.

E.   Individuals pursue power in order to acquire additional resources. This is primarily instinctual. After securing enough resources, individuals willingly give away their power reserves to society.

A.   None of these answers are correct.

B.   Disclosing all routes the nation-state will undertake regarding all forms of public policy pertaining to its political, economic, and military strategies.

C.   Hiding all routes the nation-state will undertake regarding all forms of public policy pertaining to its political, economic, and military strategies.

D.   Disclosing only all economic routes the nation-state will undertake.

E.   Disclosing only the military routes a nation-state will undertake.

A.   None of these answers are correct.

B.   few societies are divided into elites and masses

C.   elites do not protect government by the people.

D.   all societies are governed by elites.

E.   average citizens are well informed and politically active.

A.   freedom of the press.

B.   security for society and protection of private property.

C.   None of these answers are correct.

D.   insurance for the unemployed.

E.   education for children.

A.   the right of citizens to demand liberty.

B.   the right of citizens to demand equality.

C.   None of these answers are correct.

D.   a major government office.

E.   the right of government to enforce its decisions

A.   None of these answers are correct.

B.   government should do what is best for the majority of people

C.   government should do what the majority of the people want it to.

D.   government should be controlled at all levels by an elected majority political party

E.   a small group of elites should control government power and act in the interests of the majority.

A.   John Adams.

B.   Benjamin Franklin.

C.   John Locke.

D.   Thomas Jefferson.

E.   George Washington.

A.   It was an association of largely independent states.

B.   None of these answers are correct.

C.   It had a strong central government that managed weaker states.

D.   It was federal state.

E.   It was a constitutional monarchy

A.   Congress lacked the power to demand funds for the militia.

B.   Each state had one vote regardless of size.

C.   Congress lacked the power to collect taxes directly from the people

D.   Congress lacked the power to collect taxes directly from the people, Congress lacked the power to demand funds for the militia , each state had the ability to print its own currency and each state had one vote regardless of size.

E.   Each state had the ability to print its own currency.

A.   failure of the Articles of Confederation.

B.   publication of the Declaration of Independence.

C.   end of the Revolutionary War.

D.   publication of the Treaty of Paris.

E.   request of President Washington

A.   the protection of individual liberties from state governments.

B.   equal protection under the law.

C.   the protection of individual liberties from the national government.

D.   protection against state infringements on the freedoms of conscience, the press, and jury trial.

A.   limited government.

B.   limited presidentialism.

C.   direct democracy.

D.   confederal democracy.

E.   None of these answers are correct.

A.   enumerated powers.

B.   expressed powers.

C.   None of these answers are correct.

D.   delegated powers.

E.   concurrent powers.

A.   has served to limit the expansion of national authority.

B.   was in the original Constitution, but was eliminated as a consequence of the Twenty-Seventh Amendment.

C.   is located in the Constitution in the text of the Tenth Amendment.

D.   has expanded the role of the national government relative to the states.

E.   has increased the powers of the state governments at the expense of Congress’s powers.

A.   federal / national law over state law.

B.   large states over small states.

C.   non-slave states over slave states.

D.   None of these answers are correct

E.   natural law over man-made law.

A.   states can serve as laboratories for novel economic or social experiments

B.   states can farm out responsibility to the national government

C.   it keeps some distance between the federal government and state government.

D.   None of these answers are correct.

E.   it reduces inequalities among the states.

A.   oo much reliance on communication and transportation.

B.   unequal protection of states from foreign invasion.

C.   oo much reliance on communication and transportation.

D.   inequalities among states' educational spending and achievement.

E.   None of these answers are correct.

A.   agreements that do not increase the power of a state relative to another state.

B.   None of these answers are correct.

C.   agreements that do not increase the power of a state relative to the national government.

D.   agreements on minor matters.

E.   agreements that require congressional consent.

A.   to rule on how the necessary and proper clause should be implemented between states that already had existing contracts.

B.   whether the national government had the implied power to charter a bank and contribute capital to it.

C.   None of these answers are correct.

D.   whether the national government could abolish slavery in the Southern states.

E.   to decide how to apply the commerce clause to the individual states.

A.   the national government lost the power to regulate intrastate commerce.

B.   the power to regulate interstate commerce was determined to be an exclusive national power of the federal government.

C.   state governments won the right to control navigation in interstate waters.

D.   the Supreme Court found that commerce was defined as the exchange of goods and not navigation or transport of people.

E.   the ruling provided the national government with decreasing power over economic affairs throughout the land.

A.   decrease the power of the national government and to increase that of the states.

B.   None of these answers are correct.

C.   favor states' rights over the rights of the national government in cases of commerce.

D.   create a balance of power between the national government and that of the states.

E.   increase the power of the national government and to reduce that of the states.

A.   The development of a national economy, the income tax, two world wars and the Great Depression all combined to end the strict distinction between national and state concerns.

B.   Supreme Court ended all pretense of constitutional protection of state power in its 1985 Garcia decision. The court declared that there were no constitutionally protected state powers and that the only protection given the states is in congressional and presidential elections.

C.   Efforts to return power and responsibility to states and communities. Led to reducing state and local dependency on federal revenues and return powers to states and communities through the consolidation of categorical grants into block grants.

D.   By the time of President Lyndon Johnson and the Great Society in 1964, virtually all problems confronting America were declared to be national problems. The Supreme Court no longer concerned itself with the reserved powers of the states and the 10th Amendment lost most of its meaning.

E.   The states and the national government each remain supreme within their own spheres. The national government concentrated its attention on the delegated powers while the states decided the important domestic policy issues.

A.   By the time of President Lyndon Johnson and the Great Society in 1964, virtually all problems confronting America were declared to be national problems. The Supreme Court no longer concerned itself with the reserved powers of the states and the 10th Amendment lost most of its meaning.

B.   Efforts to return power and responsibility to states and communities. Led to reducing state and local dependency on federal revenues and return powers to states and communities through the consolidation of categorical grants into block grants.

C.   The states and the national government each remain supreme within their own spheres. The national government concentrated its attention on the delegated powers while the states decided the important domestic policy issues.

D.   The development of a national economy, the income tax, two world wars and the Great Depression all combined to end the strict distinction between national and state concerns.

E.   Supreme Court ended all pretense of constitutional protection of state power in its 1985 Garcia decision. The court declared that there were no constitutionally protected state powers and that the only protection given the states is in congressional and presidential elections.

A.   None of these answers are correct.

B.   A federally funded government program run and managed by state governments.

C.   A federally funded government program run and managed by a federal agency.

D.   A federally funded government program run and managed by a nonprofit organization.

E.   A federally funded government program run and managed by a local government.

A.   The development of a national economy, the income tax, two world wars and the Great Depression all combined to end the strict distinction between national and state concerns.

B.   The states and the national government each remain supreme within their own spheres. The national government concentrated its attention on the delegated powers while the states decided the important domestic policy issues.

C.   By the time of President Lyndon Johnson and the Great Society in 1964, virtually all problems confronting America were declared to be national problems. The Supreme Court no longer concerned itself with the reserved powers of the states and the 10th Amendment lost most of its meaning.

D.   Efforts to return power and responsibility to states and communities. Led to reducing state and local dependency on federal revenues and return powers to states and communities through the consolidation of categorical grants into block grants.

E.   Supreme Court ended all pretense of constitutional protection of state power in its 1985 Garcia decision. The court declared that there were no constitutionally protected state powers and that the only protection given the states is in congressional and presidential elections.