Soc 340 - Sociology of Work » Spring 2021 » Test 1

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Question #1
Which of the following statements about bureaucracy is true?
A.   A bureaucracy is a hierarchy based on personal authority and charisma.
B.   By definition, a bureaucracy can exist only in the government or not-for-profit sector.
C.   Bureaucracies exist only in Europe and the United States.
D.   Bureaucracies are highly inefficient by nature.
E.   A bureaucracy is characterized by standardized rules and procedures.
Question #2
Select the government's reference week Current Population Survey term and classify the following person, based only on the following description choose the government's term in reference to the person's situation during the reference week for the Current Population Survey. Sharon Miller, age 17, spent four hours Friday evening and four hours Saturday evening baby-sitting for the Rodriguez family.
A.   unemployed
B.   employed
C.   not in the target population
D.   not in the labor force
E.   discouraged worker
Question #3
How occupations are perceived by others is measured by
A.   detailed occupation groupings.
B.   occupational prestige.
C.   socioeconomic status scores.
D.   mixed methods.
E.   establishment surveys.
Question #4
Characteristics of work that are hard to measure often involve
A.   both objective and subjective elements.
B.   the Hawthorne Effect.
C.   experimental bias.
D.   sample surveys.
E.   official labor force statistics.
Question #5
Sociologists who study work use as their unit of analysis all of the following EXCEPT
A.   income tax returns.
B.   unions.
C.   occupations.
D.   the labor force.
E.   the worker.
Question #6
When sociologists conduct sample surveys, they ask questions of a systematic sample of people. What is the relationship of the sample to the population of interest?
A.   The sample has a smaller response error than the population.
B.   The sample is representative of the population.
C.   The sample represents only the working part of the population.
D.   The sample answers questions that the population refuses to answer.
E.   The sample is the same as the population.
Question #7
Serfs are associated with
A.   craft work in a city.
B.   corvee labor.
C.   sheep enclosures.
D.   craft work in ancient Rome.
E.   service work.
Question #8
A good survey includes all of the following EXCEPT
A.   minimal response error.
B.   a representative set of respondents.
C.   reliable questions.
D.   valid questions.
E.   experimenter bias.
Question #9
The social stratification of a society is most influenced by
A.   the division of labor.
B.   the level of technology in services.
C.   the number of factories per thousand workers.
D.   the number of women who work outside the home.
E.   the ratio of unpaid to paid labor.
Question #10
Select the government's reference week Current Population Survey term and classify the following person, based only on the following description choose the government's term in reference to the person's situation during the reference week for the Current Population Survey. Clara Miller, Walter's wife, is age 75. She has stopped looking for work because she believes no one will hire a woman of her age.
A.   not in the target population
B.   employed
C.   unemployed
D.   discouraged worker
E.   not in the labor force
Question #11
The contradictory nature of work is depicted by
A.     
B.   the contrast between the situations of free workers and slaves.
C.   the fact that work generates both goods and services.
D.   the relationship of bureaucracy to technology.
E.   the fact that work produces both satisfaction and alienation.
F.   the fact that both workers and managers can be described as working.
Question #12
Classical and contemporary theories of work are challenged by
A.   rapid change in the nature of work.
B.   the creation of a class structure.
C.   the development of bureaucracy.
D.   the alienation of workers.
E.   the monetization of commodity production.
Question #13
Imperial societies developed
A.   markets.
B.   slave labor.
C.   bureaucracy.
D.   agriculture.
E.   the assembly line.
Question #14
An advantage of multiple methods is
A.   less response error.
B.   greater reliability.
C.   less experimental bias.
D.   less attention to ascribed characteristics.
E.   greater government subsidy.
Question #15
The relative disadvantage of sample surveys is
A.   lack of generalizability.
B.   interviewer fatigue.
C.   experimenter bias.
D.   response error.
E.   lack of reliability.
Question #16
Select the government's reference week Current Population Survey term and classify the following person, based only on the following description choose the government's term in reference to the person's situation during the reference week for the Current Population Survey. Joe Miller's father, Walter Miller, age 77, is retired but spent the week sitting in the courthouse square and playing checkers. He won $3 from Sam Smith by betting on the outcome of the checkers game.
A.   employed
B.   not in the labor force
C.   unemployed
D.   discouraged worker
E.   not in the target population
Question #17
Industrial capitalism (the factory system) was accompanied by
A.   a decrease in the division of labor.
B.   stopping emigration to the colonies.
C.   the emancipation of women through participation in the workforce.
D.   the introduction of machinery.
E.   greater attention to workers' conditions.
Question #18
Markets in modern societies
A.   involve services as well as goods.
B.   are global in reach.
C.   all of the others
D.   cover many more commodities used in daily life.
E.   have replaced barter.
Question #19
Historically, many systems of work encountered certain difficulties. Select the system of organizing work associated with that system's reason for difficulty: The work day lengthened, work intensified, and the number of holidays decreased.
A.   the factory system
B.   postindustrial society
C.   guild system (Roman Era)
D.   craft guilds (Middle Ages)
E.   putting-out industry
Question #20
Select the government's reference week Current Population Survey term and classify the following person, based only on the following description choose the government's term in reference to the person's situation during the reference week for the Current Population Survey. Joe Miller, age 45, worked Tuesday through Friday at the Westview Widget Works. He took Monday off to attend a neighbor's funeral.
A.   not in the target population
B.   unemployed
C.   discouraged worker
D.   not in the labor force
E.   employed
Question #21
In which of these societies was work regarded as a sacred ritual?
A.   hunting and gathering societies
B.   mass production
C.   feudal system
D.   merchant capitalism
E.   postindustrial society
Question #22
The division of labor is highest in which type of society?
A.   advanced industrial
B.   imperial societies
C.   feudal
D.   hunting and gathering
E.   industrial

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