Soc 340 - Sociology of Work » Spring 2021 » Test 1

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Question #1
Which of the following statements about bureaucracy is true?
A.   A bureaucracy is a hierarchy based on personal authority and charisma.
B.   By definition, a bureaucracy can exist only in the government or not-for-profit sector.
C.   Bureaucracies exist only in Europe and the United States.
D.   A bureaucracy is characterized by standardized rules and procedures.
E.   Bureaucracies are highly inefficient by nature.
Question #2
Select the government's reference week Current Population Survey term and classify the following person, based only on the following description choose the government's term in reference to the person's situation during the reference week for the Current Population Survey. Sharon Miller, age 17, spent four hours Friday evening and four hours Saturday evening baby-sitting for the Rodriguez family.
A.   employed
B.   not in the target population
C.   discouraged worker
D.   not in the labor force
E.   unemployed
Question #3
How occupations are perceived by others is measured by
A.   occupational prestige.
B.   detailed occupation groupings.
C.   socioeconomic status scores.
D.   establishment surveys.
E.   mixed methods.
Question #4
Characteristics of work that are hard to measure often involve
A.   the Hawthorne Effect.
B.   sample surveys.
C.   official labor force statistics.
D.   both objective and subjective elements.
E.   experimental bias.
Question #5
Sociologists who study work use as their unit of analysis all of the following EXCEPT
A.   unions.
B.   occupations.
C.   the labor force.
D.   the worker.
E.   income tax returns.
Question #6
When sociologists conduct sample surveys, they ask questions of a systematic sample of people. What is the relationship of the sample to the population of interest?
A.   The sample has a smaller response error than the population.
B.   The sample answers questions that the population refuses to answer.
C.   The sample is the same as the population.
D.   The sample is representative of the population.
E.   The sample represents only the working part of the population.
Question #7
Serfs are associated with
A.   craft work in a city.
B.   craft work in ancient Rome.
C.   corvee labor.
D.   sheep enclosures.
E.   service work.
Question #8
A good survey includes all of the following EXCEPT
A.   minimal response error.
B.   a representative set of respondents.
C.   reliable questions.
D.   valid questions.
E.   experimenter bias.
Question #9
The social stratification of a society is most influenced by
A.   the number of factories per thousand workers.
B.   the number of women who work outside the home.
C.   the level of technology in services.
D.   the ratio of unpaid to paid labor.
E.   the division of labor.
Question #10
Select the government's reference week Current Population Survey term and classify the following person, based only on the following description choose the government's term in reference to the person's situation during the reference week for the Current Population Survey. Clara Miller, Walter's wife, is age 75. She has stopped looking for work because she believes no one will hire a woman of her age.
A.   discouraged worker
B.   unemployed
C.   employed
D.   not in the target population
E.   not in the labor force
Question #11
The contradictory nature of work is depicted by
A.   the fact that both workers and managers can be described as working.
B.     
C.   the fact that work produces both satisfaction and alienation.
D.   the relationship of bureaucracy to technology.
E.   the fact that work generates both goods and services.
F.   the contrast between the situations of free workers and slaves.
Question #12
Classical and contemporary theories of work are challenged by
A.   the alienation of workers.
B.   the monetization of commodity production.
C.   the creation of a class structure.
D.   rapid change in the nature of work.
E.   the development of bureaucracy.
Question #13
Imperial societies developed
A.   the assembly line.
B.   markets.
C.   agriculture.
D.   slave labor.
E.   bureaucracy.
Question #14
An advantage of multiple methods is
A.   greater reliability.
B.   less attention to ascribed characteristics.
C.   less experimental bias.
D.   greater government subsidy.
E.   less response error.
Question #15
The relative disadvantage of sample surveys is
A.   interviewer fatigue.
B.   lack of generalizability.
C.   experimenter bias.
D.   response error.
E.   lack of reliability.
Question #16
Select the government's reference week Current Population Survey term and classify the following person, based only on the following description choose the government's term in reference to the person's situation during the reference week for the Current Population Survey. Joe Miller's father, Walter Miller, age 77, is retired but spent the week sitting in the courthouse square and playing checkers. He won $3 from Sam Smith by betting on the outcome of the checkers game.
A.   not in the labor force
B.   not in the target population
C.   discouraged worker
D.   unemployed
E.   employed
Question #17
Industrial capitalism (the factory system) was accompanied by
A.   greater attention to workers' conditions.
B.   the introduction of machinery.
C.   stopping emigration to the colonies.
D.   the emancipation of women through participation in the workforce.
E.   a decrease in the division of labor.
Question #18
Markets in modern societies
A.   are global in reach.
B.   cover many more commodities used in daily life.
C.   involve services as well as goods.
D.   have replaced barter.
E.   all of the others
Question #19
Historically, many systems of work encountered certain difficulties. Select the system of organizing work associated with that system's reason for difficulty: The work day lengthened, work intensified, and the number of holidays decreased.
A.   the factory system
B.   craft guilds (Middle Ages)
C.   putting-out industry
D.   postindustrial society
E.   guild system (Roman Era)
Question #20
Select the government's reference week Current Population Survey term and classify the following person, based only on the following description choose the government's term in reference to the person's situation during the reference week for the Current Population Survey. Joe Miller, age 45, worked Tuesday through Friday at the Westview Widget Works. He took Monday off to attend a neighbor's funeral.
A.   not in the target population
B.   not in the labor force
C.   discouraged worker
D.   unemployed
E.   employed
Question #21
In which of these societies was work regarded as a sacred ritual?
A.   hunting and gathering societies
B.   feudal system
C.   merchant capitalism
D.   postindustrial society
E.   mass production
Question #22
The division of labor is highest in which type of society?
A.   imperial societies
B.   feudal
C.   hunting and gathering
D.   advanced industrial
E.   industrial

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