Soc 340 - Sociology of Work » Spring 2021 » Test 1
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Question #1
Which of the following statements about bureaucracy is true?
A.
A bureaucracy is a hierarchy based on personal authority and charisma.
B.
Bureaucracies exist only in Europe and the United States.
C.
Bureaucracies are highly inefficient by nature.
D.
By definition, a bureaucracy can exist only in the government or not-for-profit sector.
E.
A bureaucracy is characterized by standardized rules and procedures.
Question #2
Select the government's reference week Current Population Survey term and classify the following person, based only on the following description choose the government's term in reference to the person's situation during the reference week for the Current Population Survey. Sharon Miller, age 17, spent four hours Friday evening and four hours Saturday evening baby-sitting for the Rodriguez family.
A.
employed
B.
discouraged worker
C.
not in the target population
D.
not in the labor force
E.
unemployed
Question #3
How occupations are perceived by others is measured by
A.
socioeconomic status scores.
B.
occupational prestige.
C.
establishment surveys.
D.
detailed occupation groupings.
E.
mixed methods.
Question #4
Characteristics of work that are hard to measure often involve
A.
both objective and subjective elements.
B.
official labor force statistics.
C.
the Hawthorne Effect.
D.
sample surveys.
E.
experimental bias.
Question #5
Sociologists who study work use as their unit of analysis all of the following EXCEPT
A.
the labor force.
B.
the worker.
C.
occupations.
D.
unions.
E.
income tax returns.
Question #6
When sociologists conduct sample surveys, they ask questions of a systematic sample of people. What is the relationship of the sample to the population of interest?
A.
The sample represents only the working part of the population.
B.
The sample has a smaller response error than the population.
C.
The sample is the same as the population.
D.
The sample is representative of the population.
E.
The sample answers questions that the population refuses to answer.
Question #7
Serfs are associated with
A.
craft work in a city.
B.
sheep enclosures.
C.
service work.
D.
craft work in ancient Rome.
E.
corvee labor.
Question #8
A good survey includes all of the following EXCEPT
A.
valid questions.
B.
minimal response error.
C.
reliable questions.
D.
experimenter bias.
E.
a representative set of respondents.
Question #9
The social stratification of a society is most influenced by
A.
the ratio of unpaid to paid labor.
B.
the level of technology in services.
C.
the division of labor.
D.
the number of factories per thousand workers.
E.
the number of women who work outside the home.
Question #10
Select the government's reference week Current Population Survey term and classify the following person, based only on the following description choose the government's term in reference to the person's situation during the reference week for the Current Population Survey. Clara Miller, Walter's wife, is age 75. She has stopped looking for work because she believes no one will hire a woman of her age.
A.
discouraged worker
B.
not in the labor force
C.
unemployed
D.
not in the target population
E.
employed
Question #11
The contradictory nature of work is depicted by
A.
the relationship of bureaucracy to technology.
B.
the fact that work generates both goods and services.
C.
the contrast between the situations of free workers and slaves.
D.
the fact that work produces both satisfaction and alienation.
E.
F.
the fact that both workers and managers can be described as working.
Question #12
Classical and contemporary theories of work are challenged by
A.
the monetization of commodity production.
B.
rapid change in the nature of work.
C.
the alienation of workers.
D.
the creation of a class structure.
E.
the development of bureaucracy.
Question #13
Imperial societies developed
A.
the assembly line.
B.
markets.
C.
bureaucracy.
D.
slave labor.
E.
agriculture.
Question #14
An advantage of multiple methods is
A.
less experimental bias.
B.
less attention to ascribed characteristics.
C.
greater government subsidy.
D.
greater reliability.
E.
less response error.
Question #15
The relative disadvantage of sample surveys is
A.
lack of reliability.
B.
response error.
C.
lack of generalizability.
D.
interviewer fatigue.
E.
experimenter bias.
Question #16
Select the government's reference week Current Population Survey term and classify the following person, based only on the following description choose the government's term in reference to the person's situation during the reference week for the Current Population Survey. Joe Miller's father, Walter Miller, age 77, is retired but spent the week sitting in the courthouse square and playing checkers. He won $3 from Sam Smith by betting on the outcome of the checkers game.
A.
discouraged worker
B.
not in the labor force
C.
not in the target population
D.
unemployed
E.
employed
Question #17
Industrial capitalism (the factory system) was accompanied by
A.
the introduction of machinery.
B.
a decrease in the division of labor.
C.
greater attention to workers' conditions.
D.
stopping emigration to the colonies.
E.
the emancipation of women through participation in the workforce.
Question #18
Markets in modern societies
A.
all of the others
B.
have replaced barter.
C.
involve services as well as goods.
D.
cover many more commodities used in daily life.
E.
are global in reach.
Question #19
Historically, many systems of work encountered certain difficulties. Select the system of organizing work associated with that system's reason for difficulty: The work day lengthened, work intensified, and the number of holidays decreased.
A.
putting-out industry
B.
guild system (Roman Era)
C.
craft guilds (Middle Ages)
D.
postindustrial society
E.
the factory system
Question #20
Select the government's reference week Current Population Survey term and classify the following person, based only on the following description choose the government's term in reference to the person's situation during the reference week for the Current Population Survey. Joe Miller, age 45, worked Tuesday through Friday at the Westview Widget Works. He took Monday off to attend a neighbor's funeral.
A.
employed
B.
unemployed
C.
not in the target population
D.
not in the labor force
E.
discouraged worker
Question #21
In which of these societies was work regarded as a sacred ritual?
A.
mass production
B.
merchant capitalism
C.
feudal system
D.
hunting and gathering societies
E.
postindustrial society
Question #22
The division of labor is highest in which type of society?
A.
industrial
B.
advanced industrial
C.
imperial societies
D.
hunting and gathering
E.
feudal
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