Bio 2050 - Anatomy and Physiology » Spring 2021 » Lecture Exam 2
Need help with your exam preparation?
Get Answers to this exam for $6 USD.
Get Answers to all exams in [ Bio 2050 - Anatomy and Physiology ] course for $25 USD.
Existing Quiz Clients Login here
Question #1
Parathyroid hormone release is triggered by ________ levels of calcium in the blood.
A.
low
B.
high
Question #2
An example of a flat bone would be the
A.
radius (of forearm).
B.
trapezoid (of wrist).
C.
femur (of thigh).
D.
sternum (breast bone).
E.
calcaneus (heel).
Question #3
What is the function of cartilage located in the epiphyseal plates?
A.
Supports soft tissues
B.
Provides flexibility for bending
C.
Provides passageway for blood vessels
D.
Site of bone elongation and growth
E.
Forms articular surface
Question #4
Endochondral ossification begins with a(n) ________ model.
A.
mesenchyme
B.
hyaline cartilage
C.
osteoid
D.
membranous
E.
dense connective tissue
Question #5
Which type of cartilage is found in the intervertebral discs?
A.
Hyaline cartilage
B.
Reticular cartilage
C.
Elastic cartilage
D.
Fibrocartilage
E.
Articular cartilage
Question #6
The formation of bone from a cartilaginous model is termed
A.
intramembranous ossification.
B.
orthodontia.
C.
bone remodeling.
D.
endochondral ossification.
E.
mesenchymal ossification.
Question #7
Which type of cell produces new bone tissue by secreting matrix?
A.
Osteocytes
B.
Osteoclasts
C.
Osteoblasts
D.
Bone-lining cells
E.
Osteoprogenitor cells
Question #8
Compact bone
A.
is located deep to spongy bone in the diaphysis.
B.
is composed of tubular units called osteons.
C.
has a brace-like arrangement of trabeculae.
D.
is avascular.
E.
All of the choices are correct.
Question #9
Bone cells called ________ break down bone by secreting hydrochloric acid and enzymes that dissolve the matrix.
A.
osteoprogenitor cells
B.
osteocytes
C.
osteoblasts
D.
osteoid cells
E.
osteoclasts
Question #10
Which hormone inhibits bone growth?
A.
Calcitonin
B.
Growth hormone
C.
Estrogen and testosterone
D.
Thyroid hormone
E.
Parathyroid hormone
Question #11
Which is characteristic of cartilage connective tissue?
A.
Cells called chondrocytes and Avascular
B.
Avascular
C.
Matrix of protein fibers
D.
Cells called chondrocytes, Matrix of protein fibers, Avascular and Gel-like ground substance
E.
Gel-like ground substance
Question #12
What gives bone its flexibility?
A.
Yellow bone marrow
B.
Inorganic salts
C.
Trabeculae
D.
Elastic fibers
E.
Collagen fibers
Question #13
To trigger bone growth, growth hormone stimulates the
A.
parathyroid to produce parathyroid hormone.
B.
brain to produce serotonin.
C.
liver to produce calcitonin.
D.
thyroid to produce calcitriol.
E.
liver to produce somatomedin.
Question #14
High blood calcium and exercise cause calcitonin release to
A.
decrease.
B.
increase.
Question #15
Mechanical stress of bones, such as that caused by weight lifting, is detected by
A.
osteoclasts, which then communicate to osteocytes to increase the size of lacunae.
B.
chondrocytes, which then trigger osteoblasts to increase bone in a lengthwise fashion.
C.
osteoblasts, which then communicate to osteocytes and osteoclasts to deposit more hydroxyapatite.
D.
osteocytes, which then communicate to osteoblasts to increase synthesis of osteoid.
Question #16
Spongy bone
A.
All of the choices are correct.
B.
has spaces filled with yellow marrow.
C.
contains no osteocytes.
D.
is composed of tubular units called osteons.
E.
forms diploe in the cranial bones.
Question #17
Calcidiol circulates in the blood and is converted to calcitriol in the
A.
bone.
B.
kidney.
C.
liver.
D.
skin.
Question #18
In adults, the medullary cavities of most long bones contain red marrow.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #19
Which is false regarding the periosteum?
A.
It covers the entire bone surface, with the exception of articular areas.
B.
It provides stem cells for bone growth and repair.
C.
It is anchored to the bone by collagen fibers.
D.
It is composed of dense regular connective tissue.
E.
It includes two layers: outer fibrous and inner cellular.
Question #20
Severe anemia may trigger an adaptive conversion of
A.
spongy bone to compact bone.
B.
red marrow to yellow marrow.
C.
yellow marrow to red marrow.
D.
bone marrow to spongy bone.
Question #21
Mature cartilage is avascular.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #22
Most of the bones of the upper and lower limbs are formed by intramembranous ossification.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #23
Which is not correct about spongy bone?
A.
It forms diploe in the cranial bones.
B.
Its spaces hold red bone marrow.
C.
It is located deep to compact bone.
D.
It is located in the epiphyses of long bones.
E.
It is composed of tubular units called osteons.
Question #24
Calcitriol stimulates absorption of calcium in the small intestine.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #25
Bone is considered an important storage reservoir for
A.
phosphate, glycogen, and nonpolar amino acids.
B.
steroids, proteins, and complex carbohydrates.
C.
calcium, phosphate, and lipids.
D.
glycogen, nitrogenous bases, and calcium.
E.
calcium, complex carbohydrates, and polar amino acids.
Question #26
Flat bones
A.
protect underlying soft tissue and may be slightly curved.
B.
have elaborate shapes, and sometimes resemble sesame seeds.
C.
include the bones of the wrist that glide across each other.
D.
have a diaphysis and an epiphysis.
E.
are, by definition, not at all curved.
Question #27
What are the matrix rings of compact bone that surround the central canal of each osteon?
A.
Concentric lamellae
B.
Canaliculi
C.
Circumferential lamellae
D.
Perforating canals
E.
Interstitial lamellae
Question #28
Which is not a function of bone?
A.
Protection
B.
Mineral storage
C.
Hemopoiesis
D.
Hormone synthesis
E.
Body movement
Question #29
Where does hemopoiesis occur?
A.
Endosteum
B.
Red bone marrow
C.
Epiphyseal line
D.
Nutrient foramina
E.
Yellow bone marrow
Question #30
If a clinician were looking to harvest bone marrow that made blood cells, which bone of a donor would be sampled?
A.
Distal humerus
B.
Phalanges
C.
Os coxa
D.
Distal head of femur
Question #31
Which is false regarding ligaments?
A.
Intracapsular ligaments are within the articular capsule.
B.
Extrinsic ligaments are physically separate from the articular capsule.
C.
Intrinsic ligaments are thickenings of the articular cartilage.
D.
Extracapsular ligaments are outside the articular capsule.
E.
Ligaments are composed of dense regular connective tissue.
Question #32
Fluid-filled sacs that cushion synovial joints are called
A.
diarthroses.
B.
fat pads.
C.
bursae.
D.
articular discs.
E.
menisci.
Question #33
The interosseous membrane between the radius and the ulna is an example of a
A.
synchondrosis.
B.
suture.
C.
synarthrosis.
D.
syndesmosis.
E.
synostosis.
Question #34
The term "diarthrosis" refers to a joint that is
A.
slightly mobile.
B.
dislocated.
C.
freely mobile.
D.
immobile.
E.
fused.
Question #35
If you move your head in such a way to look up at the ceiling, you are ________ your neck.
A.
hyperextending
B.
flexing
C.
circumducting
D.
elevating
E.
rotating
Question #36
Rotation of the forearm so as to direct the palm anteriorly (as in anatomic position) is called
A.
pronation.
B.
supination.
C.
abduction.
D.
eversion.
E.
protraction.
Question #37
A.
Plane
B.
Pivot
C.
Condylar
D.
Ball and socket
E.
Saddle
Question #38
Which is not a cartilaginous joint?
A.
First costochondral joint
B.
Second costochondral joint
C.
Second sternocostal joint
D.
Intervertebral joint
E.
First sternocostal joint
Question #39
In fibrous joints, the articulating surfaces are held together by
A.
fibrocartilage.
B.
dense irregular connective tissue.
C.
areolar connective tissue.
D.
articular cartilage.
E.
dense regular connective tissue.
Question #40
If you were to reach out your hand to receive a set of keys from someone, what movements of your forearm and hand would be involved?
A.
Depression and flexion
B.
Pronation and adduction
C.
Eversion and abduction
D.
Supination and extension
E.
Protraction and rotation
Question #41
The connection between a tooth and jaw bone is an example of a joint.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #42
The elbow is a ________ joint.
A.
condyle
B.
saddle
C.
hinge
D.
plane
Question #43
Gliding is an example of an angular motion.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #44
When the arm is raised anteriorly, the movement at the shoulder is
A.
adduction.
B.
flexion.
C.
extension.
D.
abduction.
E.
rotation.
Question #45
Clenching the fingers to make a fist, then relaxing and straightening them, is an example of ________ followed by ________.
A.
abduction; adduction
B.
extension; flexion
C.
adduction; abduction
D.
extension; hyperextension
E.
flexion; extension
Question #46
When the angle between articulating bones increases beyond the anatomic position, the movement is referred to as
A.
hypertrophy.
B.
dislocation.
C.
hyperextension.
D.
hyperflexion.
E.
supination.
Question #47
A movement that increases or decreases the angle between two bones is a(n) ________ motion.
A.
eversion
B.
sliding
C.
angular
D.
rotational
Question #48
Based on its range of motion, the elbow is classified as a(n) ________ joint.
A.
uniaxial
B.
ellipsoid
C.
biaxial
D.
multiaxial
E.
gliding
Question #49
Which is not correct regarding articulations?
A.
All articulations contain some type of cartilage.
B.
Arthrology is the scientific study of articulations.
C.
Articulations can range in motion from freely mobile to immobile.
D.
There are three structural categories of articulations.
E.
An articulation is a joint between a bone and another bone, cartilage, or tooth.
Question #50
When elevating the mandible to chew food, the temporomandibular joint functions as a ________ joint.
A.
ball and socket
B.
hinge
C.
pivot
D.
saddle
Need help with your exam preparation?
Get Answers to this exam for $6 USD.
Get Answers to all exams in [ Bio 2050 - Anatomy and Physiology ] course for $25 USD.
Existing Quiz Clients Login here