Bio 2050 - Anatomy and Physiology » Spring 2021 » Lecture Exam 2
Need help with your exam preparation?
Get Answers to this exam for $6 USD.
Get Answers to all exams in [ Bio 2050 - Anatomy and Physiology ] course for $25 USD.
Existing Quiz Clients Login here
Question #1
Parathyroid hormone release is triggered by ________ levels of calcium in the blood.
A.
high
B.
low
Question #2
An example of a flat bone would be the
A.
radius (of forearm).
B.
femur (of thigh).
C.
calcaneus (heel).
D.
sternum (breast bone).
E.
trapezoid (of wrist).
Question #3
What is the function of cartilage located in the epiphyseal plates?
A.
Provides passageway for blood vessels
B.
Forms articular surface
C.
Supports soft tissues
D.
Site of bone elongation and growth
E.
Provides flexibility for bending
Question #4
Endochondral ossification begins with a(n) ________ model.
A.
mesenchyme
B.
dense connective tissue
C.
hyaline cartilage
D.
osteoid
E.
membranous
Question #5
Which type of cartilage is found in the intervertebral discs?
A.
Articular cartilage
B.
Fibrocartilage
C.
Reticular cartilage
D.
Elastic cartilage
E.
Hyaline cartilage
Question #6
The formation of bone from a cartilaginous model is termed
A.
bone remodeling.
B.
orthodontia.
C.
mesenchymal ossification.
D.
endochondral ossification.
E.
intramembranous ossification.
Question #7
Which type of cell produces new bone tissue by secreting matrix?
A.
Osteoprogenitor cells
B.
Osteocytes
C.
Osteoclasts
D.
Osteoblasts
E.
Bone-lining cells
Question #8
Compact bone
A.
All of the choices are correct.
B.
has a brace-like arrangement of trabeculae.
C.
is composed of tubular units called osteons.
D.
is located deep to spongy bone in the diaphysis.
E.
is avascular.
Question #9
Bone cells called ________ break down bone by secreting hydrochloric acid and enzymes that dissolve the matrix.
A.
osteocytes
B.
osteoprogenitor cells
C.
osteoclasts
D.
osteoid cells
E.
osteoblasts
Question #10
Which hormone inhibits bone growth?
A.
Thyroid hormone
B.
Growth hormone
C.
Calcitonin
D.
Estrogen and testosterone
E.
Parathyroid hormone
Question #11
Which is characteristic of cartilage connective tissue?
A.
Gel-like ground substance
B.
Cells called chondrocytes and Avascular
C.
Avascular
D.
Matrix of protein fibers
E.
Cells called chondrocytes, Matrix of protein fibers, Avascular and Gel-like ground substance
Question #12
What gives bone its flexibility?
A.
Elastic fibers
B.
Trabeculae
C.
Collagen fibers
D.
Inorganic salts
E.
Yellow bone marrow
Question #13
To trigger bone growth, growth hormone stimulates the
A.
parathyroid to produce parathyroid hormone.
B.
liver to produce somatomedin.
C.
brain to produce serotonin.
D.
thyroid to produce calcitriol.
E.
liver to produce calcitonin.
Question #14
High blood calcium and exercise cause calcitonin release to
A.
decrease.
B.
increase.
Question #15
Mechanical stress of bones, such as that caused by weight lifting, is detected by
A.
chondrocytes, which then trigger osteoblasts to increase bone in a lengthwise fashion.
B.
osteocytes, which then communicate to osteoblasts to increase synthesis of osteoid.
C.
osteoclasts, which then communicate to osteocytes to increase the size of lacunae.
D.
osteoblasts, which then communicate to osteocytes and osteoclasts to deposit more hydroxyapatite.
Question #16
Spongy bone
A.
contains no osteocytes.
B.
is composed of tubular units called osteons.
C.
has spaces filled with yellow marrow.
D.
All of the choices are correct.
E.
forms diploe in the cranial bones.
Question #17
Calcidiol circulates in the blood and is converted to calcitriol in the
A.
bone.
B.
liver.
C.
skin.
D.
kidney.
Question #18
In adults, the medullary cavities of most long bones contain red marrow.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #19
Which is false regarding the periosteum?
A.
It covers the entire bone surface, with the exception of articular areas.
B.
It is composed of dense regular connective tissue.
C.
It is anchored to the bone by collagen fibers.
D.
It provides stem cells for bone growth and repair.
E.
It includes two layers: outer fibrous and inner cellular.
Question #20
Severe anemia may trigger an adaptive conversion of
A.
yellow marrow to red marrow.
B.
bone marrow to spongy bone.
C.
spongy bone to compact bone.
D.
red marrow to yellow marrow.
Question #21
Mature cartilage is avascular.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #22
Most of the bones of the upper and lower limbs are formed by intramembranous ossification.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #23
Which is not correct about spongy bone?
A.
It forms diploe in the cranial bones.
B.
It is located deep to compact bone.
C.
It is composed of tubular units called osteons.
D.
It is located in the epiphyses of long bones.
E.
Its spaces hold red bone marrow.
Question #24
Calcitriol stimulates absorption of calcium in the small intestine.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #25
Bone is considered an important storage reservoir for
A.
calcium, phosphate, and lipids.
B.
steroids, proteins, and complex carbohydrates.
C.
calcium, complex carbohydrates, and polar amino acids.
D.
phosphate, glycogen, and nonpolar amino acids.
E.
glycogen, nitrogenous bases, and calcium.
Question #26
Flat bones
A.
have elaborate shapes, and sometimes resemble sesame seeds.
B.
protect underlying soft tissue and may be slightly curved.
C.
are, by definition, not at all curved.
D.
include the bones of the wrist that glide across each other.
E.
have a diaphysis and an epiphysis.
Question #27
What are the matrix rings of compact bone that surround the central canal of each osteon?
A.
Concentric lamellae
B.
Circumferential lamellae
C.
Interstitial lamellae
D.
Perforating canals
E.
Canaliculi
Question #28
Which is not a function of bone?
A.
Hormone synthesis
B.
Protection
C.
Body movement
D.
Mineral storage
E.
Hemopoiesis
Question #29
Where does hemopoiesis occur?
A.
Epiphyseal line
B.
Endosteum
C.
Yellow bone marrow
D.
Nutrient foramina
E.
Red bone marrow
Question #30
If a clinician were looking to harvest bone marrow that made blood cells, which bone of a donor would be sampled?
A.
Distal head of femur
B.
Phalanges
C.
Os coxa
D.
Distal humerus
Question #31
Which is false regarding ligaments?
A.
Extrinsic ligaments are physically separate from the articular capsule.
B.
Ligaments are composed of dense regular connective tissue.
C.
Extracapsular ligaments are outside the articular capsule.
D.
Intrinsic ligaments are thickenings of the articular cartilage.
E.
Intracapsular ligaments are within the articular capsule.
Question #32
Fluid-filled sacs that cushion synovial joints are called
A.
articular discs.
B.
bursae.
C.
menisci.
D.
fat pads.
E.
diarthroses.
Question #33
The interosseous membrane between the radius and the ulna is an example of a
A.
synostosis.
B.
suture.
C.
synchondrosis.
D.
syndesmosis.
E.
synarthrosis.
Question #34
The term "diarthrosis" refers to a joint that is
A.
slightly mobile.
B.
freely mobile.
C.
fused.
D.
immobile.
E.
dislocated.
Question #35
If you move your head in such a way to look up at the ceiling, you are ________ your neck.
A.
elevating
B.
flexing
C.
circumducting
D.
rotating
E.
hyperextending
Question #36
Rotation of the forearm so as to direct the palm anteriorly (as in anatomic position) is called
A.
supination.
B.
eversion.
C.
protraction.
D.
pronation.
E.
abduction.
Question #37
Which of these synovial joints does not have at least one rounded or convex surface?
A.
Plane
B.
Pivot
C.
Saddle
D.
Ball and socket
E.
Condylar
Question #38
Which is not a cartilaginous joint?
A.
Second sternocostal joint
B.
Intervertebral joint
C.
First costochondral joint
D.
First sternocostal joint
E.
Second costochondral joint
Question #39
In fibrous joints, the articulating surfaces are held together by
A.
dense regular connective tissue.
B.
areolar connective tissue.
C.
dense irregular connective tissue.
D.
articular cartilage.
E.
fibrocartilage.
Question #40
If you were to reach out your hand to receive a set of keys from someone, what movements of your forearm and hand would be involved?
A.
Supination and extension
B.
Depression and flexion
C.
Eversion and abduction
D.
Protraction and rotation
E.
Pronation and adduction
Question #41
The connection between a tooth and jaw bone is an example of a joint.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #42
The elbow is a ________ joint.
A.
hinge
B.
condyle
C.
saddle
D.
plane
Question #43
Gliding is an example of an angular motion.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #44
When the arm is raised anteriorly, the movement at the shoulder is
A.
extension.
B.
rotation.
C.
flexion.
D.
abduction.
E.
adduction.
Question #45
Clenching the fingers to make a fist, then relaxing and straightening them, is an example of ________ followed by ________.
A.
extension; flexion
B.
extension; hyperextension
C.
flexion; extension
D.
adduction; abduction
E.
abduction; adduction
Question #46
When the angle between articulating bones increases beyond the anatomic position, the movement is referred to as
A.
hyperflexion.
B.
supination.
C.
hyperextension.
D.
dislocation.
E.
hypertrophy.
Question #47
A movement that increases or decreases the angle between two bones is a(n) ________ motion.
A.
angular
B.
sliding
C.
eversion
D.
rotational
Question #48
Based on its range of motion, the elbow is classified as a(n) ________ joint.
A.
biaxial
B.
multiaxial
C.
ellipsoid
D.
uniaxial
E.
gliding
Question #49
Which is not correct regarding articulations?
A.
All articulations contain some type of cartilage.
B.
Arthrology is the scientific study of articulations.
C.
Articulations can range in motion from freely mobile to immobile.
D.
An articulation is a joint between a bone and another bone, cartilage, or tooth.
E.
There are three structural categories of articulations.
Question #50
When elevating the mandible to chew food, the temporomandibular joint functions as a ________ joint.
A.
pivot
B.
hinge
C.
ball and socket
D.
saddle
Need help with your exam preparation?
Get Answers to this exam for $6 USD.
Get Answers to all exams in [ Bio 2050 - Anatomy and Physiology ] course for $25 USD.
Existing Quiz Clients Login here