Political Science 101- Introduction to American Politics » Spring 2021 » Chapter 2 Video Quiz
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Question #1
Habeas corpus refers to
A.
any law that declares an action to be illegal after it has been committed.
B.
a law that declares a person guilty of a crime without a trial.
C.
the right of government to take private property for public use.
D.
a court order demanding that an individual in custody be brought into court and shown the cause for detention.
Question #2
The constitutional basis for the nationalization of the Bill of Rights is the ________ Amendment.
A.
Tenth
B.
First
C.
Fourteenth
D.
Fourth
Question #3
The text of the Fourteenth Amendment states
A.
“no person shall . . . be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb.”
B.
“no soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.”
C.
“nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.”
D.
“the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.”
Question #4
Which of the following best describes the Supreme Court’s first ruling on the nationalization of the Bill of Rights in 1833?
A.
The Bill of Rights should not be used if a state’s constitution already contains its own bill of rights.
B.
The takings clause restricts national and state governments but not local governments.
C.
The takings clause does not cover accidents caused by government officials.
D.
The Bill of Rights limits the national government but not state governments.
Question #5
________ argued that there was a “wall of separation” between church and state.
A.
George Washington
B.
James Madison
C.
Thomas Jefferson
D.
Benjamin Franklin
Question #6
In West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette (1943), the Supreme Court ruled that
A.
prayer in school violates the establishment clause.
B.
Amish children are not required to attend school past the age of 12.
C.
children cannot be required to salute the flag if it violates their religious faith.
D.
school officials are permitted greater authority to censor speech and expression than would be permissible off school grounds.
Question #7
The Supreme Court case Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores addressed
A.
whether a company can refuse to hire a Muslim woman who might wear a head scarf in violation of the company’s dress code.
B.
whether a religious group at the University of Virginia could be denied student activities funds merely because it espouses a particular religious viewpoint.
C.
the Affordable Care Act’s requirement that individuals show proof of health insurance coverage or face a tax penalty from the federal government.
D.
the Affordable Care Act’s requirement that employers provide their female employees with free contraceptive coverage.
Question #8
The judicial doctrine that places a heavy burden of proof on the government when it seeks to regulate speech is called
A.
speech plus.
B.
strict scrutiny.
C.
libel.
D.
prior restraint.
Question #9
Suppose a corporation spent millions of dollars on advertising for President Trump’s 2020 re-election campaign. The corporation’s actions are
A.
protected by the First Amendment as long as the corporation does not spend more than 2 million dollars.
B.
in conflict with the Court’s decision in Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission to ban corporate funding of advertising.
C.
inconsistent with the Court’s ruling in Buckley v. Valeo supporting spending on behalf of candidates and would trigger an investigation.
D.
political speech according to the Court’s ruling in Citizens United v. Federal Elections Commission.
Question #10
The Supreme Court held that there is no substantial public interest in permitting lewd, obscene, profane, libelous, or insulting utterances in
A.
Morse v. Frederick.
B.
Dennis v. United States.
C.
Buckley v. Valeo.
D.
R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul.
Question #11
Which of the following forms of speech receives the greatest level of First Amendment protection?
A.
slanderous speech that does not incite violence
B.
political speech that does not incite violence
C.
commercial speech that does not incite violence
D.
libelous speech that does not incite violence
Question #12
Burning the American flag in protest is not unconstitutional because
A.
the Supreme Court ruled it is a form of symbolic speech protected by the First Amendment.
B.
Congress passed a constitutional amendment that specifically protects this act.
C.
Senators are no longer considering a ban on flag burning.
D.
according to the Eighth Amendment, any punishment for such an act during a protest would be considered excessive.
Question #13
New York Times v. Sullivan (1964) was significant because the justices ruled that
A.
the government could prevent the publication of newspapers and magazines only under the most extraordinary circumstances.
B.
newspapers could be guilty of libel if they published any information that was ultimately proven to be inaccurate.
C.
“shield laws” were unconstitutional.
D.
a newspaper had to print false and malicious material deliberately in order to be guilty of libel.
Question #14
Which statement about “fighting words” is most accurate?
A.
“Fighting words” have been considered protected speech throughout American history, and the Supreme Court has always reversed convictions based on arguments that the speaker used “fighting words.”
B.
Since the 1950s, the Supreme Court has been inconsistent in its rulings on “fighting words” cases and chosen to overturn convictions only when they involve “hate speech.”
C.
Since the 1950s, the Supreme Court has never reversed a conviction based on arguments that the speaker used “fighting words.”
D.
Since the 1950s, the Supreme Court has reversed almost every conviction based on arguments that the speaker used “fighting words.”
Question #15
Which of the following is the best example of the concept “speech plus”?
A.
posting a comment to a social media website
B.
distributing leaflets while chanting slogans at a protest demonstration
C.
writing a letter to the editor of a newspaper
D.
reading a poem out loud in the middle of a public park
Question #16
In Riley v. California (2014), the Supreme Court
A.
ruled that law enforcement cannot attach a GPS device to a person’s car and monitor his or her movements without a warrant.
B.
upheld a policy of DNA testing of arrestees without providing evidence of individualized suspicion.
C.
ruled that police are constitutionally prohibited from seizing and searching the digital contents of a cell phone during an arrest.
D.
ruled that police are allowed to seize and search the digital contents of a cell phone during an arrest.
Question #17
The Fourth Amendment protects citizens against
A.
unreasonable searches and seizures.
B.
quartering military troops in private homes.
C.
cruel and unusual punishment.
D.
self-incrimination.
Question #18
The right to legal counsel in a criminal proceeding is guaranteed by the ________ Amendment.
A.
Seventh
B.
Sixth
C.
Fifth
D.
Fourth
Question #19
Miranda v. Arizona (1966) was important because it produced rules that must be used
A.
to determine if some element of the Bill of Rights should be applied to the states.
B.
to determine whether a warrant should be issued for a police search.
C.
to judge whether printed materials are pornographic.
D.
by the police before questioning an arrested criminal suspect.
Question #20
Some states, such as Texas, Georgia, and Arkansas, imposed restrictions that make it harder for women to get an abortion. How can states impose such restrictions if Roe v. Wade established a woman’s right to seek an abortion?
A.
because none of these states are restricting a woman’s right to partial-birth abortion
B.
because the Court later ruled that an abortion is a limited or qualified right subject to regulation
C.
because the right to privacy does not extend to the states
D.
because states did not change viability standards beyond what is allowed in Roe v. Wade
Question #21
The term “eminent domain” describes the
A.
right of individuals not to have their private property seized by the government.
B.
power of the Supreme Court to declare the meaning and scope of all civil liberties.
C.
power of state governments to ignore a law enacted by the federal government.
D.
power of the government to seize private property for public use.
Question #22
In Timbs v. Indiana the Supreme Court ruled
A.
since Timbs’ car was worth much more than the fines, the fines could be paid for with the car.
B.
that the Indiana Supreme Court’s decision on the Timbs case was in line with the Eighth Amendment.
C.
that seizing Timbs’ car was an example of excessive fines and that portion of the Eighth Amendment applies to the states.
D.
that states could impose excessive fines as long as due process was followed.
Question #23
The police tactic in which officers confront an individual whom they believe to be acting “suspiciously,” question the individual, and conduct a search for weapons is called
A.
“confront and confiscate.”
B.
“search and seizure.”
C.
“suspicionless testing.”
D.
“stop and frisk.”
Question #24
In Maryland v. King (2012), the Supreme Court
A.
ruled that law enforcement cannot attach a GPS device to a person’s car and monitor his or her movements without a warrant.
B.
upheld a policy of DNA testing of arrestees without providing evidence of individualized suspicion.
C.
ruled that police are allowed to seize and search the digital contents of a cell phone during an arrest.
D.
ruled that police are constitutionally prohibited from seizing and searching the digital contents of a cell phone during an arrest.
Question #25
The Supreme Court case of New York Times v. United States (1971) was related to which First Amendment concept?
A.
speech plus
B.
prior restraint
C.
hate speech
D.
fighting words
Question #26
Alexander Hamilton opposed a bill of rights mainly because he believed that
A.
a bill of rights would lead to many frivolous lawsuits.
B.
a bill of rights would make the Constitution too specific and cumbersome.
C.
too many individual liberties diminished the trust between citizen and government.
D.
it was unnecessary given that the federal government was given only a delegated powers.
Question #27
The Bill of Rights was ratified by the states in
A.
1812
B.
1787
C.
1776
D.
1791
Question #28
The Bill of Rights was adopted because the
A.
Antifederalists demanded it as the price of ratification of the Constitution.
B.
Supreme Court ruled that a bill of rights was needed.
C.
Federalists realized that no constitution would last for long without a bill of rights.
D.
federal government in the early days of the Republic was violating too many individual rights.
Question #29
The 1937 case Palko v. Connecticut focused on the
A.
Fourth Amendment’s protection against unreasonable searches and seizures.
B.
Fifth Amendment’s protection against double jeopardy.
C.
Sixth Amendment’s right to counsel.
D.
Second Amendment’s right to bear arms.
Question #30
The idea that all persons “born or naturalized” in the United States are citizens can be found in
A.
the Tenth Amendment.
B.
Article I of the Constitution.
C.
the Fourteenth Amendment.
D.
the First Amendment.
Question #31
The Eighth Amendment’s protection from cruel and unusual punishment was incorporated in
A.
the Robinson v. California (1962) decision about California’s 90-day sentence for people found guilty of “addiction to the use of narcotics.”
B.
the Benton v. Maryland (1969) decision about an individual tried twice in the state of Maryland for the same crime of larceny.
C.
the Miranda v. Arizona (1966) decision about the need to inform defendants in police custody of their rights.
D.
the Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) decision about the denial of counsel to a defendant.
Question #32
The Lemontest involves what part of the Constitution?
A.
free speech
B.
due process
C.
the free exercise clause
D.
the establishment clause
Question #33
What was the result of the Supreme Court case Trinity Lutheran Church v. Comer (2017)?
A.
The Supreme Court ruled that displaying the Ten Commandments in the courthouse was constitutional.
B.
The Supreme Court ruled that financial support for religious schools was constitutional as long as there were no public displays of religious symbols.
C.
The Supreme Court ruled that excluding religious schools from state-funded playground-resurfacing programs was constitutional.
D.
The Supreme Court ruled that religious schools had the right to benefit from a state-funded playground-resurfacing program.
Question #34
An Arkansas prison policy prohibiting beards was struck down as a violation of a Muslim man’s ability to freely exercise his religion in the case of
A.
McCreary County v. American Civil Liberties Union of Kentucky.
B.
Holt v. Hobbs.
C.
Van Orden v. Perry.
D.
Cantwell v. Connecticut.
Question #35
Conflicts over whether public schools should be allowed to assign readings from the Bible and lead nondenominational prayers are examples of disagreements over the
A.
meaning of eminent domain.
B.
meaning of the establishment clause.
C.
meaning of selective incorporation.
D.
applicability of prior restraint.
Question #36
The Alien and Sedition Acts were laws
A.
that made it a crime for foreign immigrants to belong to the Communist Party or other anti-American organizations.
B.
passed during the Civil War denying Confederate sympathizers the right to free speech.
C.
passed in the 1790s that made it a crime to say or publish anything that would defame the government of the United States.
D.
passed by Congress in 1921 that restricted immigration to the United States.
Question #37
A.
the Alien and Sedition Acts, which made it a crime to say or publish anything that might defame the government, were an unconstitutional violation of the First Amendment.
B.
as long as speech falls short of actually inciting action, it cannot be prohibited, even if it is hostile to or subversive of the government and its policies.
C.
the First Amendment provides no protection for “fighting words” because such words “are no essential part of any exposition of ideas.”
D.
the First Amendment does not require schools to permit students to advocate illegal drug use.
Question #38
Among other things, the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act
A.
provided public financing to all candidates running for federal office.
B.
placed a ban on corporate funding of independent political broadcasts aimed at electing or defeating particular candidates.
C.
outlawed candidates and political parties from broadcasting any election-related advertisements within 60 days of a primary election.
D.
eliminated all public financing previously available to candidates running for federal office.
Question #39
The rights to assembly and petition are guaranteed by the same amendment that guarantees
A.
due process.
B.
free speech.
C.
the right to bear arms.
D.
privacy.
Question #40
In Snyder v. Phelps (2011), the Supreme Court ruled that
A.
religious organizations cannot lose their tax-exempt status under federal law simply because they organized a protest event at the funeral service of a soldier.
B.
the First Amendment protects free speech in a public place against emotional distress lawsuits.
C.
protests during funeral services for military personnel can be prohibited by state governments even if held in a public place.
D.
religious organizations must lose their tax-exempt status under federal law if they organize protest events at funeral services.
Question #41
Newspaper or television advertisements
A.
are considered political speech.
B.
cannot be considered commercial speech.
C.
are subject to limited regulation.
D.
can only be suppressed if there is a compelling national interest.
Question #42
Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010) was significant because the Supreme Court concluded that the Constitution
A.
allows the government to prevent certain candidates from running campaign advertisements.
B.
prohibits the government from limiting campaign spending in any way.
C.
prohibits the government from regulating political speech that is funded by corporations.
D.
allows the government to ban political speech that is funded by corporations.
Question #43
Edward Snowden was a(n)
A.
employee of the National Security Agency (NSA) who fled the country to escape arrest after revealing the details of NSA domestic spying operations.
B.
opponent of the Vietnam War who had obtained the so-called Pentagon Papers illegally and leaked them to the New York Times.
C.
army intelligence analyst sent to prison for providing classified documents to WikiLeaks.
D.
senior at Juneau-Douglas High that unfurled a banner reading “BONG HITS 4 JESUS” at the 2002 Olympic torch relay.
Question #44
Which Supreme Court case was related to the publication of the so-called Pentagon Papers?
A.
Near v. Minnesota
B.
Branzburg v. Hayes
C.
New York Times v. Sullivan
D.
New York Times v. United States
Question #45
The Supreme Court’s decision in R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul (1992) suggests that
A.
hate speech is not protected by the Constitution.
B.
commercial speech receives more protection under the Constitution than political speech.
C.
political speech receives more protection under the Constitution than commercial speech.
D.
virtually all “hate speech” is constitutionally protected.
Question #46
In 2020, the Trump administration filed a libel suit against the Washington Post for publishing certain articles they argue are defamatory. The administration filed a libel suit instead of slander because
A.
a slander suit applies to written statements made by individuals in social media posts, not in newspapers.
B.
a libel suit is typically easier to win than a slander suit, which has a higher burden of evidence in court.
C.
a slander suit applies only to “false and inaccurate” statements.
D.
a libel suit applies to written statements.
Question #47
The Supreme Court ruled that the Second Amendment provides a constitutional right to keep a loaded handgun at home for self-defense in
A.
District of Columbia v. Heller.
B.
Miller v. California.
C.
United States v. Williams.
D.
Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union.
Question #48
The ________ rule forbids the introduction in trial of any piece of evidence that has been obtained illegally.
A.
warrant
B.
exclusionary
C.
ex post facto
D.
Miranda
Question #49
The right to remain silent is guaranteed by the ________ Amendment.
A.
Sixth
B.
Fifth
C.
Ninth
D.
First
Question #50
Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) established the right
A.
against suspicionless searches and seizures.
B.
to an open trial before a judge.
C.
against self-incrimination.
D.
to legal counsel in felony cases.
Question #51
Which of the following is the best definition of due process of law?
A.
the right of every individual against arbitrary action by national or state governments
B.
the process by which different protections in the Bill of Rights were incorporated into the Fourteenth Amendment
C.
the right of government to take private property for public use
D.
the right to be left alone
Question #52
In Roe v. Wade, the Supreme Court prohibited states from
A.
making abortion a criminal act prior to the point at which the fetus becomes viable.
B.
instituting the death penalty for doctors who provide abortions.
C.
covering the costs of an abortion through government-subsidized health insurance programs.
D.
making abortion a criminal act at any point in a woman’s pregnancy.
Question #53
In Lawrence v. Texas (2003), the Supreme Court ruled that
A.
there was no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide.
B.
states may compel a 48-hour waiting period before permitting a woman to have an abortion.
C.
laws criminalizing sexual behavior are a violation of the right to privacy.
D.
mandatory locker searches in public schools did not violate the Fourth Amendment.
Question #54
Griswold v. Connecticut (1965) and Roe v. Wade (1973) have been extremely important in the development of
A.
American due process.
B.
a constitutional right to privacy.
C.
the rights of individuals accused of crimes.
D.
a test that can be used to determine what is protected speech.
Question #55
The majority decision in Griswold v. Connecticut argued that the right of privacy fits into a “zone of privacy” created by the
A.
Third, Fourth, and Fifth amendments.
B.
Second, Eighth, and Twelfth amendments.
C.
Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth amendments.
D.
civil liberties listed in Article I, Section 9 of the Constitution.
Question #56
The Supreme Court applied exclusionary rule to all levels of government in which case?
A.
Miranda v. Arizona (1966)
B.
Mapp v. Ohio (1961)
C.
Near v. Minnesota (1931)
D.
Griswold v. Connecticut (1965)
Question #57
If the government stopped the New York Times from releasing the transcripts of cell phone conversations between world leaders, it would be called
A.
speech plus.
B.
clear and present danger.
C.
sedition.
D.
prior restraint.
Question #58
The Supreme Court has not given full protection to fighting words because
A.
they are a form of obscenity.
B.
they are a form of sedition.
C.
such words are not part of the essential exposition of ideas.
D.
they are necessarily slanderous.
Question #59
During the COVID-19 pandemic, a group of people protesting a state’s shelter-in-place order picket and hand out leaflets in the state’s capitol building. The state’s governor has the protestors arrested, arguing that they are in violation of state and local laws. Under what conditions might the Supreme Court agree with the governor’s decision?
A.
If the governor had laws banning protests in the state.
B.
If the protests jeopardize the health, safety, and rights of others.
C.
If the protests were conducted on private property.
D.
If the speech at the protest was accompanied by an additional action, making it speech plus.
Question #60
The Supreme Court ruled that the First Amendment did not require schools to permit students to advocate illegal drug use in the case of
A.
R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul (1992).
B.
Dennis v. United States (1951).
C.
Morse v. Frederick (2007).
D.
Buckley v. Valeo (1976).
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