A.   a volunteer lobbyist

B.   an in-house lobbyist

C.   a legislative liaison

D.   a contract lobbyist

A.   Collective goods offer particularized benefits, while private goods are broadly distributed.

B.   Collective goods offer broadly distributed benefits, while private goods offer particularized benefits.

C.   Collective goods and private goods both offer broadly distributed benefits.

D.   Collective goods and private goods both offer particularized benefits.

A.   because they can all benefit from governmental policies

B.   because there is often strength in numbers, because they often have common issues that may affect an entire industry and because they can all benefit from governmental policies

C.   because there is often strength in numbers and because they can all benefit from governmental policies

D.   because they often have common issues that may affect an entire industry

A.   purposive incentives

B.   negative incentives

C.   material incentives

D.   solidary incentives 

A.   joining a group because you care about a cause

B.   joining a group to gain a monetary benefit

C.   joining a group because it is a requirement of your job

D.   joining a group to be with others like you

A.   There is more professional lobbying. and; A fragmentation of interests has taken place.

B.   A fragmentation of interests has taken place.

C.   There is more professional lobbying. Many interests lobby both the national government and the states. A fragmentation of interests has taken place.

D.   Many interests lobby both the national government and the states.

A.   three interest groups that have formed a coalition

B.   fluid participation among interests

C.   a great deal of competition for access to decision-makers

D.   a symbiotic relationship among Congressional committees, executive agencies, and interest groups

A.   The Supreme Court has opposed restrictions on spending on politics.

B.   The Supreme Court has yet to address the issue of money in politics.

C.   The Supreme Court has restricted spending on politics.

D.   The Supreme Court has ruled that corporations may spend unlimited amounts of money but unions may not.

A.   Super PACs are much more likely to support incumbent candidates than are PACs.

B.   PACs can contribute directly to candidates, but super PACs cannot.

C.   Contributions to PACs are unlimited, but restrictions have been placed on how much money can be contributed to super PACs.

D.   Conservative interests favor PACs over super PACs.

A.   restrict lobbyists from running for public office

B.   prevent lawmakers from utilizing their legislative relationships by becoming lobbyists immediately after leaving office

C.   help lawmakers find work after they leave office

D.   all of the above

A.   Certain activities are prohibited. Contributions must be disclosed. Lobbying is prohibited immediately after leaving office.

B.   Lobbying is prohibited immediately after leaving office.

C.   Contributions must be disclosed.

D.   Certain activities are prohibited. and; Lobbying is prohibited immediately after leaving office.