Psychology 001 - General Psychology » Spring 2021 » Module 5A_5B Exam

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Question #1
Troy and Carrie are a couple. Troy is unable to consciously admit he has strong feelings of sexual attraction to other women. However, he suspects and accuses Carrie of being sexually attracted to other men, even though Carrie has never done anything to arouse such suspicions. Which ego defense mechanism best explains Troy's behavior?
A.   projection
B.   sublimation
C.   denial
D.   displacement
Question #2
The purpose of the defense mechanisms, according to Freud, is to:
A.   gain access to the unconscious
B.   acheive physical gratification.
C.   protect the id.
D.   reduce anxiety.
Question #3
Gordon's 5-year-old son has recently become very possessive of his mother, pushing Gordon away whenever he tries to hug his wife. Freud would probably suggest that the little boy's behaviors reflect:
A.   his attainment of the genital stage of psychosexual development.
B.   the Oedipus complex.
C.   the latency stage of psychosexual development.
D.   fixation at the oral stage of psychosexual development.
Question #4
If you really enjoy going out with friends and meeting new people you probably score high on:
A.   Neuroticism
B.   Introversion
C.   Opennes to Experience
D.   Extroversion
Question #5
Which definition reflects Freud's view of the id?
A.   the rational, organized component of personality that is sensitive to the demands of the external world
B.   the moralistic component of personality that evaluates the acceptability of behavior and thoughts
C.   the inherited mental images of universal human themes and preoccupations
D.   the irrational component of personality that seeks immediate gratification
Question #6
In Freud's theory, if a parent overindulges or frustrates the child's expression of pleasurable feelings at a particular psychosexual stage of development:
A.   the child may experience fixation and continue to seek pleasure through behaviors associated with the particular psychosexual stage.
B.   the child will experience reaction formation and behave in a way that is directly opposite to the frustrated desires.
C.   the ego may not develop.
D.   the parent will experience the psychological wrath of the superego, which will promote strong feelings of guilt and inferiority.
Question #7
According to Alfred Adler, each person creates a style of life, which is:
A.   a plan for achieving superiority.
B.   a way of making a living.
C.   a set of friendships and acquaintances.
D.   a means of satisfying biological drives.
Question #8
According to Abraham Maslow, which is NOT a charcteristic of someone that is self-actualized:
A.   A great sense of humor.
B.   Making large sums of money.
C.   Treating others with unconditional positive regard.
D.   A solution centered focus.
Question #9
According to the research on personality--who should you share the most personality traits in common with?
A.   a cousin
B.   an Aunt or Uncle
C.   a biological sibling
D.   an adopted sibling
Question #10
The most commonly used subjective test with children is the:
A.   The Emotional Stroop Test
B.   The MMPI
C.   The Rorscach
D.   Thematic Apperception Test
Question #11
An objective test is more difficult to bias than an subjective test.
A.   FALSE
B.   TRUE
Question #12
Your friend Patricia tells you that men have all of the advantages in the world when it comes to sex and career. Freud would say that she:
A.   is stuck in the anal phase.
B.   is stuck in the oral phase.
C.   is stuck in the phallic stage.
D.   is stuck in the genital stage.
Question #13
In psychology, the term personality refers to:
A.   the socially desirable characteristics that a person typically displays.
B.   an individual's unique and relatively consistent patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving
C.   a person's skill in making others feel good about themselves.
D.   the way people perceive a particular person.
Question #14
Given what you now know about Freud's theory, what is a “Freudian slip”?
A.   A humorous term for a pratfall or stumble in early silent-movie comedies, perfected by Charlie Chaplin.
B.   Freud's near-fatal accident, in which he tripped over his couch and hit his head on a statue of Moses.
C.   An undergarment that was worn by fashionable upper-class women in Vienna in the early 1900s.
D.   An unintentional mistake, accident, or misstatement that Freud interpreted as revealing unconscious wishes or motives.
Question #15
According to Carl Rogers, when a child senses that he is loved and valued only when he behaves in a way that is acceptable to his parents, the parents are displaying _____ toward the child.
A.   unconditional positive regard
B.   conditional positive regard
C.   congruence
D.   self-efficacy
Question #16
A person that is always running late, forgets to turn assignments in on time, and rarely pays their bills when they are due, would likely score low on the trait of:
A.   extraversion
B.   neuroticism
C.   agreeableness
D.   conscientiousness
Question #17
What type of personality test involves the interpreting of an ambiguous image and is used to assess unconscious motives and conflicts?
A.   an aptitude test
B.   an achievement test
C.   a projective test
D.   a self-report inventory
Question #18
Alfred Alder believed that each person develops a master plan to become the best person they can be. According to Adler, this plan must include:
A.   A strong collective unconscious.
B.   A healthy social interest.
C.   A focus on family.
D.   A striving for self-actualization.
Question #19
According to Alfred Adler:
A.   there are eight stages of psychosocial development that occur throughout the lifespan.
B.   the most fundamental human motive was the desire to improve oneself, master challenges, and move toward self-perfection.
C.   the images and themes contained in the collective unconscious are transmitted from one generation to the next.
D.   the Oedipus complex persists and resurfaces throughout life.
Question #20
Alyssa is a quiet, rather shy young woman who lives at home while attending college. She would rather meet an old friend for coffee than meet new people or go to parties. In terms of the Big 5 model of personality, Alyssa appears to rate high on the trait of _____.
A.   conscientiousness
B.   repression
C.   introversion
D.   psychoticism
Question #21
Personality is likely shared by:
A.   historical era, genetics, and gender
B.   genetics and gender
C.   historical era
D.   gender
Question #22
Freud used the term _____ to refer to sexual energy or motivation.
A.   Psychosexual frustration
B.   Pathos
C.   Libido
D.   Thantos
Question #23
Although he stayed calm during the conversation, Mark was angry as he left Professor McArthur's office because he felt he had been treated unfairly. A short while later, Mark snapped at a fellow student who asked if she could borrow his notes. Which ego defense mechanism best accounts for Mark's behavior toward the other student?
A.   regression
B.   sublimation
C.   undoing
D.   displacement
Question #24
Freud would suggest that a person who was never breastfeed would become an adult that is very __________, whereas a person that was breastfed for too long will become and adult that is very __________.
A.   dependent; independent
B.   introverted; extroverted
C.   extraverted; introverted
D.   independent; dependent
Question #25
Your best friend gets upset at the smallest things--she always seems to be aggravated, depressed, anxious or angry. Your friend would probably score high on:
A.   Extraversion
B.   Introversion
C.   Openness
D.   Neuroticism
Question #26
Your roommate is such a slob. You can never see the floor in their room, they are constantly leaving trash around and they never seem to do laundry. Freud would say:
A.   they are stuck in the genital phase.
B.   they are stuck in the oral phase.
C.   they are stuck in the anal phase.
D.   they are stuck in the phallic phase.
Question #27
After Jack's loan application for the new car was rejected, he told a friend that he was glad he had not gotten the loan because his old car was still very reliable and he really didn't want to make monthly car payments. Which ego defense mechanism best explains Jack's behavior?
A.   repression
B.   undoing
C.   rationalization
D.   denial
Question #28
Most theorists believe that personality is relatively stable over time and isn't likely to change significantly as you age.
A.   TRUE
B.   FALSE
Question #29
Which definition reflects Freud's view of the ego?
A.   the moralistic component of personality that evaluates the acceptability of behavior and thoughts
B.   the inherited mental images of universal human themes and preoccupations
C.   the rational, organized component of personality that is sensitive to the demands of the external world
D.   the irrational component of personality that seeks immediate gratification
Question #30
The most commonly used objective personality test with adults is the:
A.   The Emotional Stroop Task
B.   The Rorschach
C.   The MMPI
D.   Thematic Apperception Test
Question #31
When David is asked to describe his best friend Josh, he responds: “Josh is very friendly, pretty intelligent, and a really nice guy. He seems laid-back, but he actually works hard at keeping up with his college classes. He's a lot of fun because he's always ready to try something new.” David's description of his friend's personality would be most consistent with which of the following approaches to personality?
A.   social cognitive theory
B.   psychoanalytic theory
C.   humanistic theory
D.   trait theory
Question #32
Who were the neo-Freudians?
A.   A group of psychologists who tried to reconcile Freud's ideas with contemporary neuroscience
B.   A group of political activists who objected to Freud's ideas on moral and religious grounds.
C.   A group of personality theorists who accepted many of the basic principles of Freudian psychoanalytic theory but went on to develop their own personality theories.
D.   A group of artists who applied Freud's ideas to painting, sculpture, drama, and poetry.
Question #33
Catharsis refers to:
A.   the release of pent-up emotions.
B.   an increase in anxiety
C.   treating the therapist like the patient
D.   gaining access to the unconcscious mind.
Question #34
Someone that is friendly, empathetic and understanding is likely to score high in the trait of:
A.   agreeableness
B.   intraversion
C.   openness to experience
D.   extraversion
Question #35
How would Sigmund Freud explain why someone eats, drinks, or smokes too much?
A.   The person had a fixation during the oral stage.
B.   The person has a strong id and a weak superego.
C.   The person is engaging in sublimation
D.   The person has bery high levels of libido.
Question #36
Assume that “friendliness” is a genetically influenced trait. Which of the following groups would you expect to be MOST similar on the trait of friendliness?
A.   biological siblings
B.   identical twins
C.   fraternal twins
D.   parents
Question #37
  
A.   Self-Actualization
B.   Individuality
C.   Penis Envy
D.   Conditional Positive Regard
Question #38
Which of the following represents the correct order of Freud's psychosexual stages of development?
A.   oral, anal, genital, latency, phallic
B.   oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital
C.   anal, oral, latency, phallic, genital
D.   oral, genital, anal, latency, phallic
Question #39
In contrast to Freud, psychoanalyst Karen Horney emphasized the importance of _____ in personality development.
A.   unconditional love and acceptance
B.   sexual conflicts during the adolescent years
C.   human relationships, particularly the family
D.   striving for superiority
Question #40
Two psychologists who made important contributions to the humanistic perspective on personality were:
A.   Hans Eysenck and Raymond Cattell.
B.   Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers.
C.   B. F. Skinner and Albert Bandura.
D.   Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung

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