Biology 2060 - Anatomy and Physiology II » Summer 2021 » Lecture Exam 2
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Question #1
The ossa coxae contain red marrow.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #2
MALT is found in which layer of the wall of a hollow organ?
A.
Lamina propria
B.
Muscularisexterna
C.
Epithelial
D.
Submucosa
Question #3
The path that fluid takes as it enters a lymphatic capillary is through
A.
active transport protein pumps on endothelial cell membranes.
B.
cell membrane leakage channels that allow diffusion.
C.
vesicles that move the fluid across the cell (transcytosis).
D.
pores(fenestrations) in the cells of the capillary wall.
E.
spaces between capillary endothelial cells that are arranged as one-way flaps.
Question #4
Because lymphatic vessels have three tunics (intima, media, and externa) and valves, they structurally resemble
A.
veins.
B.
capillaries.
C.
arterioles.
D.
arteries.
Question #5
The thymus contains ______ lobes and is located _______.
A.
2; anterior to the laryngeal prominence (Adam's apple)
B.
4; in the mediastinum
C.
4; anterior to the laryngeal prominence (Adam's apple)
D.
2; in the mediastinum
Question #6
Lymphatic capillaries
A.
filter lymph.
B.
cannot be discerned structurally from cardiovascular system capillaries.
C.
originate as closed-ended tubes associated with blood capillary networks.
D.
include layers of smooth muscle for peristalsis.
E.
concentrate lymph prior to passing it to larger lymphatic vessels.
Question #7
Lymphatic nodules consist of
A.
a hilum that is located intermediate to two lobules.
B.
afferent vessels,efferent vessels, a cortex, and medulla.
C.
lymphatic cells,extracellular matrix, and an incomplete connective tissue capsule.
D.
crypts,trabeculae, and Reed-Sternberg cells.
E.
central arteries and monocytes.
Question #8
The appendix contains lymphatic nodules.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #9
Which fluid does lymph most closely resemble?
A.
Interstitial fluid
B.
Whole blood
C.
Intracellular fluid
D.
Blood plasma
Question #10
The central nervous system contains a dense network of lymphatic capillaries.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #11
Which of the following does not contain red marrow?
A.
Vertebrae
B.
Long bones of digits
C.
Flat bones of the skull
D.
Sternum
E.
Ribs
Question #12
The pharyngeal tonsils are located
A.
in the posterolateral region of the oral cavity.
B.
at the base of the palatoglossal arches.
C.
along the posterior margins of the tongue.
D.
in the posterior wall of the nasopharynx.
E.
lateral to the uvula in the oropharynx.
Question #13
The main function of tonsils is to detect and protect against infections agents that are
A.
ingested or inhaled.
B.
in the lymph.
C.
secreted by salivary glands
D.
in the blood.
Question #14
The lymphatic system's two main functions are to assist in
A.
removal of fats from the blood and inflammatory responses.
B.
neural support and blood sugar control.
C.
endocrine function and neural support.
D.
immunity and fluid balance.
E.
blood cell production and endocrine function.
Question #15
The thymus contains lymphatic cells as well as secretory _________ tissue.
A.
osseous
B.
areolar
C.
muscle
D.
epithelial
E.
neural
Question #16
IgA is primarily found
A.
on the surface of B-lymphocytes.
B.
in the thymus,spleen, and lymph nodes.
C.
in blood.
D.
in external secretions such as tears, saliva, and mucus.
E.
in lymph.
Question #17
Which type of cell attacks a variety of unwanted cells and causes those cells to undergo apoptosis?
A.
Basophils
B.
Eosinophils
C.
Neutrophils
D.
Natural killer cells
E.
Macrophages
Question #18
Negative selection is the process by which cells learn self-tolerance.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #19
A fever __________ reproduction of bacteria and ___________ CAMs on the endothelium of capillaries of lymph nodes.
A.
inhibits; decreases
B.
stimulates; increases
C.
inhibits; increases
D.
stimulates; decreases
Question #20
"Complement" refers to a group of
A.
antibodies.
B.
molecules on the surface of pathogenic microbes.
C.
white bloodcells.
D.
plasmaproteins.
Question #21
Agglutination of mismatched blood is a function of
A.
IgD, which is apentamer.
B.
IgD, which is adimer.
C.
IgM, which is adimer.
D.
IgM, which is apentamer.
Question #22
The site of infection is the location at which lymphocytes
A.
are activated.
B.
are formed.
C.
become able to recognize one specific foreign antigen.
D.
provide aneffector response.
Question #23
Compared to most interstitial fluid in the body, the interstitial fluid of aninflamed area would have a lower osmolarity and a lower concentration of proteins.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #24
Vaccines are effective because they
A.
immediately stimulate cellular immunity to eliminate all of the pathogen in the body.
B.
increase the number of natural killer cells while decreasing the numbers of T and B cells.
C.
inhibit antibodies from having secondary responses.
D.
stimulate the development of immunologic memory.
Question #25
Often a virus-infected cell will release _________ to prevent spread of the infection.
A.
complement
B.
interferon
C.
histamine
D.
perforin
E.
serotonin
Question #26
Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes that have killed a foreign cell may transform into
A.
memory B-lymphocytes.
B.
natural killer cells.
C.
None of the choices is correct.
D.
helper T-lymphocytes.
E.
plasma cells.
Question #27
The second signal during B-lymphocyte activation involves stimulation from
A.
antibodies released by antigens.
B.
IL-4 released by helper T-lymphocytes.
C.
IL-2 released by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes.
D.
bradykinin released by antigen-presenting cells.
Question #28
Helper T-lymphocytes are also known as
A.
CD8 + cells.
B.
memory T-lymphocytes.
C.
cytotoxic T-lymphocytes.
D.
CD4 +cells.
E.
T8 cells.
Question #29
The first signal during helper T-lymphocyte activation involves
A.
CD4 of the helper T-cell binding with MHC class II of the antigen-presenting cell.
B.
CD8 of the helper T-cell binding with MHC class III of the antigen-presenting cell.
C.
BCR of the helper T-cell binding with free antigen and engulfing it.
D.
CD4 of the helper T-cell binding with MHC class I part of the antigen fragment.
Question #30
Which of the following lists the body's first, second, and third lines of defense in order?
A.
External innate immunity, internal innate immunity, adaptive immunity
B.
External innate immunity, adaptive immunity, internal innate immunity
C.
Adaptive immunity,external innate immunity, internal immunity
D.
External adaptive immunity, internal adaptive immunity, innate immunity
E.
Innate immunity, internal adaptive immunity, internal innate immunity
Question #31
Which of the following supplies blood to the abdominal wall?
A.
Median sacral artery
B.
Posterior intercostal arteries
C.
Lumbar arteries
D.
Subclavian arteries
Question #32
Gas, nutrient, and waste exchange occur between the __________ and the tissues of the body.
A.
capillaries and veins
B.
capillaries
C.
arteries
D.
capillaries and arteries
E.
veins
Question #33
The hepatic portal system allows for the processing of
A.
bacteria that grow in the large intestine but need to be regulated.
B.
nutrients and toxins absorbed from the gastrointestinal system into the blood.
C.
drugs and toxins in the blood so that they are secreted directly into the urine.
D.
hormones that are secreted by glands and must be directed to their target organs.
Question #34
The arteries that anastomose and form the two arterial arches in the palm are the _____ and _____ arteries.
A.
axillary; brachial
B.
radial; brachial
C.
radial; ulnar
D.
axillary; subclavian
E.
ulnar; brachial
Question #35
Some large molecules, such as fatty acids, are transported between capillaries and tissues by vesicular transport.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #36
Excitation of the vasomotor center results in
A.
increased parasympathetic activity and predominantly more vasodilation than vasoconstriction.
B.
increased sympathetic activity and predominantly more vasoconstriction than vasodilation.
C.
decreased autonomic activity that decreases heart rate and constricts blood vessels.
D.
increased autonomic activity that increases heart rate and dilates blood vessels.
E.
redistribution of blood flow away from the skeletal muscles and toward the skin.
Question #37
Systolic blood pressure is recorded
A.
in both arteries and veins and is the maximum pressure recorded during diastole of the heart.
B.
in arteries and is the maximal pressure that is recorded during ventricular contraction.
C.
in arteries and is the minimum pressure that is recorded during ventricular relaxation.
D.
in veins and is the minimum pressure recorded during atrial relaxation.
E.
in veins and is the maximal pressure recorded during atrial contraction.
Question #38
The superior vena cava is formed by the merging of the _______ veins.
A.
internaljugular
B.
lumbar
C.
brachiocephalic
D.
internalthoracic
E.
inferiorepigastric
Question #39
A venule becomes a vein when its diameter is greater than ____ micrometers.
A.
1000
B.
100
C.
10
D.
1
Question #40
The largest arteries of the body are classified as
A.
musculararteries.
B.
elasticarteries.
C.
arterioles.
D.
None of the answers is correct.
E.
muscular and elastic because they have the same dimensions.
Question #41
Which path of arteries would a blood cell follow on its way from the thigh to the foot?
A.
Deep femoral a., medial planar a., posterior tibial a., plantar arterialarch
B.
Femoral a.,popliteal a., anterior tibial a., dorsalis pedis a.
C.
Lateral sacral a.,femoral a., hamstring a., tibial a., dorsalis pedis a.
D.
Internal iliac a.,deep femoral a., poplitial a., posterior fibular a.
E.
Femoral a.,saphenous a., azygous a., anterior tibial a.
Question #42
Blood hydrostatic pressure in systemic capillaries is greater than interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #43
An increase in blood vessel diameter would lead to a decrease in blood flow.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #44
Which is the most common type of capillary?
A.
Venules
B.
Fenestrated
C.
Continuous
D.
Discontinuous
E.
Sinusoids
Question #45
The vessels that supply the lower limbs are the
A.
vertebralarteries.
B.
internal iliacarteries.
C.
commoncarotids.
D.
subclavianarteries
E.
external iliacarteries.
Question #46
High carbon dioxide levels and low pH in blood of the carotid arteries will stimulate
A.
baroreceptors to activate the cardio inhibitory center and inhibit the cardio acceleratory center.
B.
chemoreceptors to inhibit the vasomotor center.
C.
baroreceptors and chemoreceptors to activate the cardio inhibitory center and inhibit the vasomotor center.
D.
baroreceptors to activate the vasomotor center.
E.
chemoreceptors to activate the vasomotor center.
Question #47
The inferior mesenteric artery supplies blood to the
A.
transverse colonand descending colon.
B.
sigmoid colon.
C.
sigmoid colon andascending colon.
D.
transverse colon,descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum.
E.
transversecolon.
Question #48
Angiotensin II causes
A.
vasoconstriction,increased urine formation, and decreased thirst.
B.
vasoconstriction,decrease urine formation, and increased thirst.
C.
decreased heart rate, vasoconstriction, and increased urine formation.
D.
increased heart rate, vasodilation, and less urine formation.
E.
decreased thirst,vasodilation, and increased urine formation.
Question #49
Which are found in the capillary wall? a: Endothelium b: Subendothelial layer c: Internal elastic lamina d: Intercellular clefts e: External elastic lamina f: Basement membrane
A.
a, c, d, e, f
B.
a, b, d, e, f
C.
a, d, f
D.
b, d, e, f
E.
a, b, d, f
Question #50
The _____ in the pulmonary circuit carry deoxygenated blood.
A.
veins
B.
arteries
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