Biology 2060 - Anatomy and Physiology II » Summer 2021 » Lecture Exam 2
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Question #1
The ossa coxae contain red marrow.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #2
MALT is found in which layer of the wall of a hollow organ?
A.
Lamina propria
B.
Epithelial
C.
Muscularisexterna
D.
Submucosa
Question #3
The path that fluid takes as it enters a lymphatic capillary is through
A.
cell membrane leakage channels that allow diffusion.
B.
pores(fenestrations) in the cells of the capillary wall.
C.
spaces between capillary endothelial cells that are arranged as one-way flaps.
D.
active transport protein pumps on endothelial cell membranes.
E.
vesicles that move the fluid across the cell (transcytosis).
Question #4
Because lymphatic vessels have three tunics (intima, media, and externa) and valves, they structurally resemble
A.
arteries.
B.
veins.
C.
arterioles.
D.
capillaries.
Question #5
The thymus contains ______ lobes and is located _______.
A.
4; anterior to the laryngeal prominence (Adam's apple)
B.
4; in the mediastinum
C.
2; anterior to the laryngeal prominence (Adam's apple)
D.
2; in the mediastinum
Question #6
Lymphatic capillaries
A.
cannot be discerned structurally from cardiovascular system capillaries.
B.
concentrate lymph prior to passing it to larger lymphatic vessels.
C.
filter lymph.
D.
include layers of smooth muscle for peristalsis.
E.
originate as closed-ended tubes associated with blood capillary networks.
Question #7
Lymphatic nodules consist of
A.
a hilum that is located intermediate to two lobules.
B.
crypts,trabeculae, and Reed-Sternberg cells.
C.
afferent vessels,efferent vessels, a cortex, and medulla.
D.
central arteries and monocytes.
E.
lymphatic cells,extracellular matrix, and an incomplete connective tissue capsule.
Question #8
The appendix contains lymphatic nodules.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #9
Which fluid does lymph most closely resemble?
A.
Intracellular fluid
B.
Interstitial fluid
C.
Blood plasma
D.
Whole blood
Question #10
The central nervous system contains a dense network of lymphatic capillaries.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #11
Which of the following does not contain red marrow?
A.
Long bones of digits
B.
Vertebrae
C.
Ribs
D.
Flat bones of the skull
E.
Sternum
Question #12
The pharyngeal tonsils are located
A.
in the posterolateral region of the oral cavity.
B.
at the base of the palatoglossal arches.
C.
along the posterior margins of the tongue.
D.
in the posterior wall of the nasopharynx.
E.
lateral to the uvula in the oropharynx.
Question #13
The main function of tonsils is to detect and protect against infections agents that are
A.
ingested or inhaled.
B.
in the blood.
C.
secreted by salivary glands
D.
in the lymph.
Question #14
The lymphatic system's two main functions are to assist in
A.
blood cell production and endocrine function.
B.
neural support and blood sugar control.
C.
endocrine function and neural support.
D.
immunity and fluid balance.
E.
removal of fats from the blood and inflammatory responses.
Question #15
The thymus contains lymphatic cells as well as secretory _________ tissue.
A.
muscle
B.
areolar
C.
neural
D.
osseous
E.
epithelial
Question #16
IgA is primarily found
A.
in lymph.
B.
in the thymus,spleen, and lymph nodes.
C.
in blood.
D.
on the surface of B-lymphocytes.
E.
in external secretions such as tears, saliva, and mucus.
Question #17
Which type of cell attacks a variety of unwanted cells and causes those cells to undergo apoptosis?
A.
Eosinophils
B.
Macrophages
C.
Neutrophils
D.
Natural killer cells
E.
Basophils
Question #18
Negative selection is the process by which cells learn self-tolerance.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #19
A fever __________ reproduction of bacteria and ___________ CAMs on the endothelium of capillaries of lymph nodes.
A.
stimulates; decreases
B.
inhibits; decreases
C.
stimulates; increases
D.
inhibits; increases
Question #20
"Complement" refers to a group of
A.
white bloodcells.
B.
plasmaproteins.
C.
antibodies.
D.
molecules on the surface of pathogenic microbes.
Question #21
Agglutination of mismatched blood is a function of
A.
IgD, which is adimer.
B.
IgM, which is apentamer.
C.
IgD, which is apentamer.
D.
IgM, which is adimer.
Question #22
The site of infection is the location at which lymphocytes
A.
are formed.
B.
are activated.
C.
become able to recognize one specific foreign antigen.
D.
provide aneffector response.
Question #23
Compared to most interstitial fluid in the body, the interstitial fluid of aninflamed area would have a lower osmolarity and a lower concentration of proteins.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #24
Vaccines are effective because they
A.
stimulate the development of immunologic memory.
B.
increase the number of natural killer cells while decreasing the numbers of T and B cells.
C.
inhibit antibodies from having secondary responses.
D.
immediately stimulate cellular immunity to eliminate all of the pathogen in the body.
Question #25
Often a virus-infected cell will release _________ to prevent spread of the infection.
A.
serotonin
B.
histamine
C.
interferon
D.
complement
E.
perforin
Question #26
Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes that have killed a foreign cell may transform into
A.
None of the choices is correct.
B.
helper T-lymphocytes.
C.
memory B-lymphocytes.
D.
natural killer cells.
E.
plasma cells.
Question #27
The second signal during B-lymphocyte activation involves stimulation from
A.
antibodies released by antigens.
B.
IL-4 released by helper T-lymphocytes.
C.
bradykinin released by antigen-presenting cells.
D.
IL-2 released by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes.
Question #28
Helper T-lymphocytes are also known as
A.
cytotoxic T-lymphocytes.
B.
CD8 + cells.
C.
CD4 +cells.
D.
memory T-lymphocytes.
E.
T8 cells.
Question #29
The first signal during helper T-lymphocyte activation involves
A.
CD4 of the helper T-cell binding with MHC class II of the antigen-presenting cell.
B.
CD4 of the helper T-cell binding with MHC class I part of the antigen fragment.
C.
CD8 of the helper T-cell binding with MHC class III of the antigen-presenting cell.
D.
BCR of the helper T-cell binding with free antigen and engulfing it.
Question #30
Which of the following lists the body's first, second, and third lines of defense in order?
A.
External adaptive immunity, internal adaptive immunity, innate immunity
B.
Innate immunity, internal adaptive immunity, internal innate immunity
C.
External innate immunity, adaptive immunity, internal innate immunity
D.
Adaptive immunity,external innate immunity, internal immunity
E.
External innate immunity, internal innate immunity, adaptive immunity
Question #31
Which of the following supplies blood to the abdominal wall?
A.
Lumbar arteries
B.
Median sacral artery
C.
Subclavian arteries
D.
Posterior intercostal arteries
Question #32
Gas, nutrient, and waste exchange occur between the __________ and the tissues of the body.
A.
arteries
B.
capillaries and veins
C.
capillaries and arteries
D.
veins
E.
capillaries
Question #33
The hepatic portal system allows for the processing of
A.
hormones that are secreted by glands and must be directed to their target organs.
B.
nutrients and toxins absorbed from the gastrointestinal system into the blood.
C.
bacteria that grow in the large intestine but need to be regulated.
D.
drugs and toxins in the blood so that they are secreted directly into the urine.
Question #34
The arteries that anastomose and form the two arterial arches in the palm are the _____ and _____ arteries.
A.
radial; brachial
B.
axillary; brachial
C.
ulnar; brachial
D.
axillary; subclavian
E.
radial; ulnar
Question #35
Some large molecules, such as fatty acids, are transported between capillaries and tissues by vesicular transport.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #36
Excitation of the vasomotor center results in
A.
increased sympathetic activity and predominantly more vasoconstriction than vasodilation.
B.
increased autonomic activity that increases heart rate and dilates blood vessels.
C.
redistribution of blood flow away from the skeletal muscles and toward the skin.
D.
increased parasympathetic activity and predominantly more vasodilation than vasoconstriction.
E.
decreased autonomic activity that decreases heart rate and constricts blood vessels.
Question #37
A.
in veins and is the maximal pressure recorded during atrial contraction.
B.
in arteries and is the minimum pressure that is recorded during ventricular relaxation.
C.
in arteries and is the maximal pressure that is recorded during ventricular contraction.
D.
in both arteries and veins and is the maximum pressure recorded during diastole of the heart.
E.
in veins and is the minimum pressure recorded during atrial relaxation.
Question #38
The superior vena cava is formed by the merging of the _______ veins.
A.
internaljugular
B.
brachiocephalic
C.
lumbar
D.
inferiorepigastric
E.
internalthoracic
Question #39
A venule becomes a vein when its diameter is greater than ____ micrometers.
A.
1
B.
1000
C.
10
D.
100
Question #40
The largest arteries of the body are classified as
A.
elasticarteries.
B.
arterioles.
C.
muscular and elastic because they have the same dimensions.
D.
musculararteries.
E.
None of the answers is correct.
Question #41
Which path of arteries would a blood cell follow on its way from the thigh to the foot?
A.
Internal iliac a.,deep femoral a., poplitial a., posterior fibular a.
B.
Lateral sacral a.,femoral a., hamstring a., tibial a., dorsalis pedis a.
C.
Femoral a.,popliteal a., anterior tibial a., dorsalis pedis a.
D.
Deep femoral a., medial planar a., posterior tibial a., plantar arterialarch
E.
Femoral a.,saphenous a., azygous a., anterior tibial a.
Question #42
Blood hydrostatic pressure in systemic capillaries is greater than interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #43
An increase in blood vessel diameter would lead to a decrease in blood flow.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #44
Which is the most common type of capillary?
A.
Sinusoids
B.
Continuous
C.
Venules
D.
Discontinuous
E.
Fenestrated
Question #45
The vessels that supply the lower limbs are the
A.
internal iliacarteries.
B.
commoncarotids.
C.
external iliacarteries.
D.
subclavianarteries
E.
vertebralarteries.
Question #46
A.
chemoreceptors to activate the vasomotor center.
B.
baroreceptors to activate the cardio inhibitory center and inhibit the cardio acceleratory center.
C.
baroreceptors and chemoreceptors to activate the cardio inhibitory center and inhibit the vasomotor center.
D.
baroreceptors to activate the vasomotor center.
E.
chemoreceptors to inhibit the vasomotor center.
Question #47
The inferior mesenteric artery supplies blood to the
A.
sigmoid colon andascending colon.
B.
transverse colonand descending colon.
C.
transversecolon.
D.
sigmoid colon.
E.
transverse colon,descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum.
Question #48
Angiotensin II causes
A.
decreased heart rate, vasoconstriction, and increased urine formation.
B.
decreased thirst,vasodilation, and increased urine formation.
C.
vasoconstriction,increased urine formation, and decreased thirst.
D.
increased heart rate, vasodilation, and less urine formation.
E.
vasoconstriction,decrease urine formation, and increased thirst.
Question #49
Which are found in the capillary wall? a: Endothelium b: Subendothelial layer c: Internal elastic lamina d: Intercellular clefts e: External elastic lamina f: Basement membrane
A.
a, d, f
B.
a, b, d, e, f
C.
b, d, e, f
D.
a, c, d, e, f
E.
a, b, d, f
Question #50
The _____ in the pulmonary circuit carry deoxygenated blood.
A.
arteries
B.
veins
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