Biology 2060 - Anatomy and Physiology II » Summer 2021 » Lecture Exam 2
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Question #1
The ossa coxae contain red marrow.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #2
MALT is found in which layer of the wall of a hollow organ?
A.
Lamina propria
B.
Epithelial
C.
Muscularisexterna
D.
Submucosa
Question #3
The path that fluid takes as it enters a lymphatic capillary is through
A.
vesicles that move the fluid across the cell (transcytosis).
B.
pores(fenestrations) in the cells of the capillary wall.
C.
cell membrane leakage channels that allow diffusion.
D.
spaces between capillary endothelial cells that are arranged as one-way flaps.
E.
active transport protein pumps on endothelial cell membranes.
Question #4
Because lymphatic vessels have three tunics (intima, media, and externa) and valves, they structurally resemble
A.
arterioles.
B.
veins.
C.
arteries.
D.
capillaries.
Question #5
The thymus contains ______ lobes and is located _______.
A.
2; in the mediastinum
B.
4; anterior to the laryngeal prominence (Adam's apple)
C.
2; anterior to the laryngeal prominence (Adam's apple)
D.
4; in the mediastinum
Question #6
Lymphatic capillaries
A.
include layers of smooth muscle for peristalsis.
B.
cannot be discerned structurally from cardiovascular system capillaries.
C.
filter lymph.
D.
originate as closed-ended tubes associated with blood capillary networks.
E.
concentrate lymph prior to passing it to larger lymphatic vessels.
Question #7
Lymphatic nodules consist of
A.
crypts,trabeculae, and Reed-Sternberg cells.
B.
central arteries and monocytes.
C.
lymphatic cells,extracellular matrix, and an incomplete connective tissue capsule.
D.
a hilum that is located intermediate to two lobules.
E.
afferent vessels,efferent vessels, a cortex, and medulla.
Question #8
The appendix contains lymphatic nodules.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #9
Which fluid does lymph most closely resemble?
A.
Blood plasma
B.
Whole blood
C.
Intracellular fluid
D.
Interstitial fluid
Question #10
The central nervous system contains a dense network of lymphatic capillaries.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #11
Which of the following does not contain red marrow?
A.
Sternum
B.
Vertebrae
C.
Flat bones of the skull
D.
Long bones of digits
E.
Ribs
Question #12
The pharyngeal tonsils are located
A.
in the posterolateral region of the oral cavity.
B.
lateral to the uvula in the oropharynx.
C.
at the base of the palatoglossal arches.
D.
in the posterior wall of the nasopharynx.
E.
along the posterior margins of the tongue.
Question #13
The main function of tonsils is to detect and protect against infections agents that are
A.
in the lymph.
B.
secreted by salivary glands
C.
ingested or inhaled.
D.
in the blood.
Question #14
The lymphatic system's two main functions are to assist in
A.
immunity and fluid balance.
B.
removal of fats from the blood and inflammatory responses.
C.
blood cell production and endocrine function.
D.
endocrine function and neural support.
E.
neural support and blood sugar control.
Question #15
The thymus contains lymphatic cells as well as secretory _________ tissue.
A.
osseous
B.
epithelial
C.
areolar
D.
muscle
E.
neural
Question #16
IgA is primarily found
A.
in the thymus,spleen, and lymph nodes.
B.
on the surface of B-lymphocytes.
C.
in external secretions such as tears, saliva, and mucus.
D.
in lymph.
E.
in blood.
Question #17
Which type of cell attacks a variety of unwanted cells and causes those cells to undergo apoptosis?
A.
Macrophages
B.
Natural killer cells
C.
Neutrophils
D.
Basophils
E.
Eosinophils
Question #18
Negative selection is the process by which cells learn self-tolerance.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #19
A fever __________ reproduction of bacteria and ___________ CAMs on the endothelium of capillaries of lymph nodes.
A.
inhibits; decreases
B.
inhibits; increases
C.
stimulates; increases
D.
stimulates; decreases
Question #20
"Complement" refers to a group of
A.
molecules on the surface of pathogenic microbes.
B.
plasmaproteins.
C.
white bloodcells.
D.
antibodies.
Question #21
Agglutination of mismatched blood is a function of
A.
IgD, which is adimer.
B.
IgD, which is apentamer.
C.
IgM, which is apentamer.
D.
IgM, which is adimer.
Question #22
The site of infection is the location at which lymphocytes
A.
are formed.
B.
are activated.
C.
provide aneffector response.
D.
become able to recognize one specific foreign antigen.
Question #23
Compared to most interstitial fluid in the body, the interstitial fluid of aninflamed area would have a lower osmolarity and a lower concentration of proteins.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #24
Vaccines are effective because they
A.
increase the number of natural killer cells while decreasing the numbers of T and B cells.
B.
inhibit antibodies from having secondary responses.
C.
immediately stimulate cellular immunity to eliminate all of the pathogen in the body.
D.
stimulate the development of immunologic memory.
Question #25
Often a virus-infected cell will release _________ to prevent spread of the infection.
A.
perforin
B.
complement
C.
serotonin
D.
interferon
E.
histamine
Question #26
Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes that have killed a foreign cell may transform into
A.
memory B-lymphocytes.
B.
natural killer cells.
C.
plasma cells.
D.
None of the choices is correct.
E.
helper T-lymphocytes.
Question #27
The second signal during B-lymphocyte activation involves stimulation from
A.
IL-2 released by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes.
B.
IL-4 released by helper T-lymphocytes.
C.
antibodies released by antigens.
D.
bradykinin released by antigen-presenting cells.
Question #28
Helper T-lymphocytes are also known as
A.
CD8 + cells.
B.
cytotoxic T-lymphocytes.
C.
T8 cells.
D.
memory T-lymphocytes.
E.
CD4 +cells.
Question #29
The first signal during helper T-lymphocyte activation involves
A.
BCR of the helper T-cell binding with free antigen and engulfing it.
B.
CD4 of the helper T-cell binding with MHC class II of the antigen-presenting cell.
C.
CD4 of the helper T-cell binding with MHC class I part of the antigen fragment.
D.
CD8 of the helper T-cell binding with MHC class III of the antigen-presenting cell.
Question #30
Which of the following lists the body's first, second, and third lines of defense in order?
A.
External adaptive immunity, internal adaptive immunity, innate immunity
B.
External innate immunity, internal innate immunity, adaptive immunity
C.
Innate immunity, internal adaptive immunity, internal innate immunity
D.
External innate immunity, adaptive immunity, internal innate immunity
E.
Adaptive immunity,external innate immunity, internal immunity
Question #31
Which of the following supplies blood to the abdominal wall?
A.
Median sacral artery
B.
Lumbar arteries
C.
Subclavian arteries
D.
Posterior intercostal arteries
Question #32
Gas, nutrient, and waste exchange occur between the __________ and the tissues of the body.
A.
arteries
B.
veins
C.
capillaries and veins
D.
capillaries and arteries
E.
capillaries
Question #33
The hepatic portal system allows for the processing of
A.
bacteria that grow in the large intestine but need to be regulated.
B.
drugs and toxins in the blood so that they are secreted directly into the urine.
C.
hormones that are secreted by glands and must be directed to their target organs.
D.
nutrients and toxins absorbed from the gastrointestinal system into the blood.
Question #34
The arteries that anastomose and form the two arterial arches in the palm are the _____ and _____ arteries.
A.
axillary; subclavian
B.
radial; ulnar
C.
ulnar; brachial
D.
axillary; brachial
E.
radial; brachial
Question #35
Some large molecules, such as fatty acids, are transported between capillaries and tissues by vesicular transport.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #36
Excitation of the vasomotor center results in
A.
redistribution of blood flow away from the skeletal muscles and toward the skin.
B.
increased parasympathetic activity and predominantly more vasodilation than vasoconstriction.
C.
decreased autonomic activity that decreases heart rate and constricts blood vessels.
D.
increased autonomic activity that increases heart rate and dilates blood vessels.
E.
increased sympathetic activity and predominantly more vasoconstriction than vasodilation.
Question #37
A.
in arteries and is the maximal pressure that is recorded during ventricular contraction.
B.
in arteries and is the minimum pressure that is recorded during ventricular relaxation.
C.
in veins and is the maximal pressure recorded during atrial contraction.
D.
in veins and is the minimum pressure recorded during atrial relaxation.
E.
in both arteries and veins and is the maximum pressure recorded during diastole of the heart.
Question #38
The superior vena cava is formed by the merging of the _______ veins.
A.
brachiocephalic
B.
internaljugular
C.
internalthoracic
D.
lumbar
E.
inferiorepigastric
Question #39
A venule becomes a vein when its diameter is greater than ____ micrometers.
A.
1000
B.
10
C.
1
D.
100
Question #40
The largest arteries of the body are classified as
A.
None of the answers is correct.
B.
musculararteries.
C.
elasticarteries.
D.
muscular and elastic because they have the same dimensions.
E.
arterioles.
Question #41
Which path of arteries would a blood cell follow on its way from the thigh to the foot?
A.
Femoral a.,saphenous a., azygous a., anterior tibial a.
B.
Deep femoral a., medial planar a., posterior tibial a., plantar arterialarch
C.
Lateral sacral a.,femoral a., hamstring a., tibial a., dorsalis pedis a.
D.
Internal iliac a.,deep femoral a., poplitial a., posterior fibular a.
E.
Femoral a.,popliteal a., anterior tibial a., dorsalis pedis a.
Question #42
Blood hydrostatic pressure in systemic capillaries is greater than interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #43
An increase in blood vessel diameter would lead to a decrease in blood flow.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #44
Which is the most common type of capillary?
A.
Venules
B.
Continuous
C.
Fenestrated
D.
Discontinuous
E.
Sinusoids
Question #45
The vessels that supply the lower limbs are the
A.
vertebralarteries.
B.
commoncarotids.
C.
internal iliacarteries.
D.
external iliacarteries.
E.
subclavianarteries
Question #46
High carbon dioxide levels and low pH in blood of the carotid arteries will stimulate
A.
chemoreceptors to activate the vasomotor center.
B.
baroreceptors and chemoreceptors to activate the cardio inhibitory center and inhibit the vasomotor center.
C.
baroreceptors to activate the cardio inhibitory center and inhibit the cardio acceleratory center.
D.
chemoreceptors to inhibit the vasomotor center.
E.
baroreceptors to activate the vasomotor center.
Question #47
The inferior mesenteric artery supplies blood to the
A.
transverse colon,descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum.
B.
transversecolon.
C.
sigmoid colon andascending colon.
D.
sigmoid colon.
E.
transverse colonand descending colon.
Question #48
Angiotensin II causes
A.
increased heart rate, vasodilation, and less urine formation.
B.
vasoconstriction,increased urine formation, and decreased thirst.
C.
vasoconstriction,decrease urine formation, and increased thirst.
D.
decreased heart rate, vasoconstriction, and increased urine formation.
E.
decreased thirst,vasodilation, and increased urine formation.
Question #49
Which are found in the capillary wall? a: Endothelium b: Subendothelial layer c: Internal elastic lamina d: Intercellular clefts e: External elastic lamina f: Basement membrane
A.
a, c, d, e, f
B.
a, b, d, f
C.
b, d, e, f
D.
a, b, d, e, f
E.
a, d, f
Question #50
The _____ in the pulmonary circuit carry deoxygenated blood.
A.
arteries
B.
veins
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