Biology 2060 - Anatomy and Physiology II » Summer 2021 » Lecture Exam 2
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Question #1
The ossa coxae contain red marrow.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #2
MALT is found in which layer of the wall of a hollow organ?
A.
Submucosa
B.
Muscularisexterna
C.
Epithelial
D.
Lamina propria
Question #3
The path that fluid takes as it enters a lymphatic capillary is through
A.
spaces between capillary endothelial cells that are arranged as one-way flaps.
B.
cell membrane leakage channels that allow diffusion.
C.
vesicles that move the fluid across the cell (transcytosis).
D.
pores(fenestrations) in the cells of the capillary wall.
E.
active transport protein pumps on endothelial cell membranes.
Question #4
Because lymphatic vessels have three tunics (intima, media, and externa) and valves, they structurally resemble
A.
arteries.
B.
capillaries.
C.
veins.
D.
arterioles.
Question #5
The thymus contains ______ lobes and is located _______.
A.
2; in the mediastinum
B.
4; anterior to the laryngeal prominence (Adam's apple)
C.
4; in the mediastinum
D.
2; anterior to the laryngeal prominence (Adam's apple)
Question #6
Lymphatic capillaries
A.
include layers of smooth muscle for peristalsis.
B.
cannot be discerned structurally from cardiovascular system capillaries.
C.
originate as closed-ended tubes associated with blood capillary networks.
D.
concentrate lymph prior to passing it to larger lymphatic vessels.
E.
filter lymph.
Question #7
Lymphatic nodules consist of
A.
crypts,trabeculae, and Reed-Sternberg cells.
B.
lymphatic cells,extracellular matrix, and an incomplete connective tissue capsule.
C.
a hilum that is located intermediate to two lobules.
D.
central arteries and monocytes.
E.
afferent vessels,efferent vessels, a cortex, and medulla.
Question #8
The appendix contains lymphatic nodules.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #9
Which fluid does lymph most closely resemble?
A.
Intracellular fluid
B.
Interstitial fluid
C.
Whole blood
D.
Blood plasma
Question #10
The central nervous system contains a dense network of lymphatic capillaries.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #11
Which of the following does not contain red marrow?
A.
Sternum
B.
Ribs
C.
Vertebrae
D.
Long bones of digits
E.
Flat bones of the skull
Question #12
The pharyngeal tonsils are located
A.
in the posterolateral region of the oral cavity.
B.
in the posterior wall of the nasopharynx.
C.
at the base of the palatoglossal arches.
D.
along the posterior margins of the tongue.
E.
lateral to the uvula in the oropharynx.
Question #13
The main function of tonsils is to detect and protect against infections agents that are
A.
in the blood.
B.
secreted by salivary glands
C.
in the lymph.
D.
ingested or inhaled.
Question #14
The lymphatic system's two main functions are to assist in
A.
blood cell production and endocrine function.
B.
endocrine function and neural support.
C.
neural support and blood sugar control.
D.
removal of fats from the blood and inflammatory responses.
E.
immunity and fluid balance.
Question #15
The thymus contains lymphatic cells as well as secretory _________ tissue.
A.
muscle
B.
areolar
C.
neural
D.
epithelial
E.
osseous
Question #16
IgA is primarily found
A.
in blood.
B.
on the surface of B-lymphocytes.
C.
in external secretions such as tears, saliva, and mucus.
D.
in the thymus,spleen, and lymph nodes.
E.
in lymph.
Question #17
Which type of cell attacks a variety of unwanted cells and causes those cells to undergo apoptosis?
A.
Macrophages
B.
Natural killer cells
C.
Basophils
D.
Neutrophils
E.
Eosinophils
Question #18
Negative selection is the process by which cells learn self-tolerance.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #19
A fever __________ reproduction of bacteria and ___________ CAMs on the endothelium of capillaries of lymph nodes.
A.
inhibits; increases
B.
stimulates; decreases
C.
stimulates; increases
D.
inhibits; decreases
Question #20
"Complement" refers to a group of
A.
white bloodcells.
B.
plasmaproteins.
C.
molecules on the surface of pathogenic microbes.
D.
antibodies.
Question #21
Agglutination of mismatched blood is a function of
A.
IgM, which is adimer.
B.
IgD, which is adimer.
C.
IgM, which is apentamer.
D.
IgD, which is apentamer.
Question #22
The site of infection is the location at which lymphocytes
A.
are formed.
B.
become able to recognize one specific foreign antigen.
C.
are activated.
D.
provide aneffector response.
Question #23
Compared to most interstitial fluid in the body, the interstitial fluid of aninflamed area would have a lower osmolarity and a lower concentration of proteins.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #24
Vaccines are effective because they
A.
increase the number of natural killer cells while decreasing the numbers of T and B cells.
B.
inhibit antibodies from having secondary responses.
C.
stimulate the development of immunologic memory.
D.
immediately stimulate cellular immunity to eliminate all of the pathogen in the body.
Question #25
Often a virus-infected cell will release _________ to prevent spread of the infection.
A.
serotonin
B.
complement
C.
histamine
D.
interferon
E.
perforin
Question #26
Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes that have killed a foreign cell may transform into
A.
helper T-lymphocytes.
B.
None of the choices is correct.
C.
memory B-lymphocytes.
D.
natural killer cells.
E.
plasma cells.
Question #27
The second signal during B-lymphocyte activation involves stimulation from
A.
IL-2 released by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes.
B.
bradykinin released by antigen-presenting cells.
C.
IL-4 released by helper T-lymphocytes.
D.
antibodies released by antigens.
Question #28
Helper T-lymphocytes are also known as
A.
CD4 +cells.
B.
memory T-lymphocytes.
C.
T8 cells.
D.
CD8 + cells.
E.
cytotoxic T-lymphocytes.
Question #29
The first signal during helper T-lymphocyte activation involves
A.
CD4 of the helper T-cell binding with MHC class II of the antigen-presenting cell.
B.
BCR of the helper T-cell binding with free antigen and engulfing it.
C.
CD8 of the helper T-cell binding with MHC class III of the antigen-presenting cell.
D.
CD4 of the helper T-cell binding with MHC class I part of the antigen fragment.
Question #30
Which of the following lists the body's first, second, and third lines of defense in order?
A.
External innate immunity, adaptive immunity, internal innate immunity
B.
External adaptive immunity, internal adaptive immunity, innate immunity
C.
Adaptive immunity,external innate immunity, internal immunity
D.
External innate immunity, internal innate immunity, adaptive immunity
E.
Innate immunity, internal adaptive immunity, internal innate immunity
Question #31
Which of the following supplies blood to the abdominal wall?
A.
Median sacral artery
B.
Lumbar arteries
C.
Subclavian arteries
D.
Posterior intercostal arteries
Question #32
Gas, nutrient, and waste exchange occur between the __________ and the tissues of the body.
A.
arteries
B.
veins
C.
capillaries
D.
capillaries and arteries
E.
capillaries and veins
Question #33
The hepatic portal system allows for the processing of
A.
bacteria that grow in the large intestine but need to be regulated.
B.
nutrients and toxins absorbed from the gastrointestinal system into the blood.
C.
hormones that are secreted by glands and must be directed to their target organs.
D.
drugs and toxins in the blood so that they are secreted directly into the urine.
Question #34
The arteries that anastomose and form the two arterial arches in the palm are the _____ and _____ arteries.
A.
radial; ulnar
B.
ulnar; brachial
C.
axillary; brachial
D.
axillary; subclavian
E.
radial; brachial
Question #35
Some large molecules, such as fatty acids, are transported between capillaries and tissues by vesicular transport.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #36
Excitation of the vasomotor center results in
A.
redistribution of blood flow away from the skeletal muscles and toward the skin.
B.
increased parasympathetic activity and predominantly more vasodilation than vasoconstriction.
C.
increased sympathetic activity and predominantly more vasoconstriction than vasodilation.
D.
increased autonomic activity that increases heart rate and dilates blood vessels.
E.
decreased autonomic activity that decreases heart rate and constricts blood vessels.
Question #37
A.
in arteries and is the minimum pressure that is recorded during ventricular relaxation.
B.
in arteries and is the maximal pressure that is recorded during ventricular contraction.
C.
in veins and is the maximal pressure recorded during atrial contraction.
D.
in veins and is the minimum pressure recorded during atrial relaxation.
E.
in both arteries and veins and is the maximum pressure recorded during diastole of the heart.
Question #38
The superior vena cava is formed by the merging of the _______ veins.
A.
brachiocephalic
B.
internaljugular
C.
internalthoracic
D.
lumbar
E.
inferiorepigastric
Question #39
A venule becomes a vein when its diameter is greater than ____ micrometers.
A.
1
B.
10
C.
1000
D.
100
Question #40
The largest arteries of the body are classified as
A.
None of the answers is correct.
B.
musculararteries.
C.
arterioles.
D.
muscular and elastic because they have the same dimensions.
E.
elasticarteries.
Question #41
Which path of arteries would a blood cell follow on its way from the thigh to the foot?
A.
Internal iliac a.,deep femoral a., poplitial a., posterior fibular a.
B.
Femoral a.,saphenous a., azygous a., anterior tibial a.
C.
Femoral a.,popliteal a., anterior tibial a., dorsalis pedis a.
D.
Deep femoral a., medial planar a., posterior tibial a., plantar arterialarch
E.
Lateral sacral a.,femoral a., hamstring a., tibial a., dorsalis pedis a.
Question #42
Blood hydrostatic pressure in systemic capillaries is greater than interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #43
An increase in blood vessel diameter would lead to a decrease in blood flow.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #44
Which is the most common type of capillary?
A.
Fenestrated
B.
Continuous
C.
Sinusoids
D.
Discontinuous
E.
Venules
Question #45
The vessels that supply the lower limbs are the
A.
commoncarotids.
B.
vertebralarteries.
C.
subclavianarteries
D.
internal iliacarteries.
E.
external iliacarteries.
Question #46
A.
chemoreceptors to inhibit the vasomotor center.
B.
baroreceptors and chemoreceptors to activate the cardio inhibitory center and inhibit the vasomotor center.
C.
baroreceptors to activate the cardio inhibitory center and inhibit the cardio acceleratory center.
D.
chemoreceptors to activate the vasomotor center.
E.
baroreceptors to activate the vasomotor center.
Question #47
The inferior mesenteric artery supplies blood to the
A.
transverse colon,descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum.
B.
transverse colonand descending colon.
C.
transversecolon.
D.
sigmoid colon.
E.
sigmoid colon andascending colon.
Question #48
Angiotensin II causes
A.
decreased heart rate, vasoconstriction, and increased urine formation.
B.
increased heart rate, vasodilation, and less urine formation.
C.
decreased thirst,vasodilation, and increased urine formation.
D.
vasoconstriction,decrease urine formation, and increased thirst.
E.
vasoconstriction,increased urine formation, and decreased thirst.
Question #49
Which are found in the capillary wall? a: Endothelium b: Subendothelial layer c: Internal elastic lamina d: Intercellular clefts e: External elastic lamina f: Basement membrane
A.
a, b, d, e, f
B.
b, d, e, f
C.
a, d, f
D.
a, c, d, e, f
E.
a, b, d, f
Question #50
The _____ in the pulmonary circuit carry deoxygenated blood.
A.
veins
B.
arteries
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