Biology 2060 - Anatomy and Physiology II » Summer 2021 » Lecture Exam 2
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Question #1
The ossa coxae contain red marrow.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #2
MALT is found in which layer of the wall of a hollow organ?
A.
Muscularisexterna
B.
Submucosa
C.
Lamina propria
D.
Epithelial
Question #3
The path that fluid takes as it enters a lymphatic capillary is through
A.
vesicles that move the fluid across the cell (transcytosis).
B.
cell membrane leakage channels that allow diffusion.
C.
spaces between capillary endothelial cells that are arranged as one-way flaps.
D.
active transport protein pumps on endothelial cell membranes.
E.
pores(fenestrations) in the cells of the capillary wall.
Question #4
Because lymphatic vessels have three tunics (intima, media, and externa) and valves, they structurally resemble
A.
capillaries.
B.
veins.
C.
arteries.
D.
arterioles.
Question #5
The thymus contains ______ lobes and is located _______.
A.
4; anterior to the laryngeal prominence (Adam's apple)
B.
4; in the mediastinum
C.
2; anterior to the laryngeal prominence (Adam's apple)
D.
2; in the mediastinum
Question #6
Lymphatic capillaries
A.
originate as closed-ended tubes associated with blood capillary networks.
B.
include layers of smooth muscle for peristalsis.
C.
filter lymph.
D.
cannot be discerned structurally from cardiovascular system capillaries.
E.
concentrate lymph prior to passing it to larger lymphatic vessels.
Question #7
Lymphatic nodules consist of
A.
a hilum that is located intermediate to two lobules.
B.
lymphatic cells,extracellular matrix, and an incomplete connective tissue capsule.
C.
afferent vessels,efferent vessels, a cortex, and medulla.
D.
central arteries and monocytes.
E.
crypts,trabeculae, and Reed-Sternberg cells.
Question #8
The appendix contains lymphatic nodules.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #9
Which fluid does lymph most closely resemble?
A.
Whole blood
B.
Intracellular fluid
C.
Interstitial fluid
D.
Blood plasma
Question #10
The central nervous system contains a dense network of lymphatic capillaries.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #11
Which of the following does not contain red marrow?
A.
Sternum
B.
Long bones of digits
C.
Vertebrae
D.
Flat bones of the skull
E.
Ribs
Question #12
The pharyngeal tonsils are located
A.
at the base of the palatoglossal arches.
B.
lateral to the uvula in the oropharynx.
C.
in the posterior wall of the nasopharynx.
D.
along the posterior margins of the tongue.
E.
in the posterolateral region of the oral cavity.
Question #13
The main function of tonsils is to detect and protect against infections agents that are
A.
in the blood.
B.
ingested or inhaled.
C.
secreted by salivary glands
D.
in the lymph.
Question #14
The lymphatic system's two main functions are to assist in
A.
immunity and fluid balance.
B.
endocrine function and neural support.
C.
blood cell production and endocrine function.
D.
removal of fats from the blood and inflammatory responses.
E.
neural support and blood sugar control.
Question #15
The thymus contains lymphatic cells as well as secretory _________ tissue.
A.
osseous
B.
epithelial
C.
muscle
D.
neural
E.
areolar
Question #16
IgA is primarily found
A.
in blood.
B.
in the thymus,spleen, and lymph nodes.
C.
in external secretions such as tears, saliva, and mucus.
D.
on the surface of B-lymphocytes.
E.
in lymph.
Question #17
Which type of cell attacks a variety of unwanted cells and causes those cells to undergo apoptosis?
A.
Macrophages
B.
Basophils
C.
Natural killer cells
D.
Neutrophils
E.
Eosinophils
Question #18
Negative selection is the process by which cells learn self-tolerance.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #19
A fever __________ reproduction of bacteria and ___________ CAMs on the endothelium of capillaries of lymph nodes.
A.
stimulates; increases
B.
inhibits; increases
C.
inhibits; decreases
D.
stimulates; decreases
Question #20
"Complement" refers to a group of
A.
molecules on the surface of pathogenic microbes.
B.
antibodies.
C.
white bloodcells.
D.
plasmaproteins.
Question #21
Agglutination of mismatched blood is a function of
A.
IgD, which is apentamer.
B.
IgD, which is adimer.
C.
IgM, which is apentamer.
D.
IgM, which is adimer.
Question #22
The site of infection is the location at which lymphocytes
A.
are activated.
B.
are formed.
C.
become able to recognize one specific foreign antigen.
D.
provide aneffector response.
Question #23
Compared to most interstitial fluid in the body, the interstitial fluid of aninflamed area would have a lower osmolarity and a lower concentration of proteins.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #24
Vaccines are effective because they
A.
inhibit antibodies from having secondary responses.
B.
stimulate the development of immunologic memory.
C.
immediately stimulate cellular immunity to eliminate all of the pathogen in the body.
D.
increase the number of natural killer cells while decreasing the numbers of T and B cells.
Question #25
Often a virus-infected cell will release _________ to prevent spread of the infection.
A.
interferon
B.
perforin
C.
serotonin
D.
histamine
E.
complement
Question #26
Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes that have killed a foreign cell may transform into
A.
memory B-lymphocytes.
B.
None of the choices is correct.
C.
natural killer cells.
D.
plasma cells.
E.
helper T-lymphocytes.
Question #27
The second signal during B-lymphocyte activation involves stimulation from
A.
IL-2 released by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes.
B.
antibodies released by antigens.
C.
bradykinin released by antigen-presenting cells.
D.
IL-4 released by helper T-lymphocytes.
Question #28
Helper T-lymphocytes are also known as
A.
cytotoxic T-lymphocytes.
B.
memory T-lymphocytes.
C.
CD8 + cells.
D.
CD4 +cells.
E.
T8 cells.
Question #29
The first signal during helper T-lymphocyte activation involves
A.
CD4 of the helper T-cell binding with MHC class II of the antigen-presenting cell.
B.
CD8 of the helper T-cell binding with MHC class III of the antigen-presenting cell.
C.
CD4 of the helper T-cell binding with MHC class I part of the antigen fragment.
D.
BCR of the helper T-cell binding with free antigen and engulfing it.
Question #30
Which of the following lists the body's first, second, and third lines of defense in order?
A.
Innate immunity, internal adaptive immunity, internal innate immunity
B.
Adaptive immunity,external innate immunity, internal immunity
C.
External adaptive immunity, internal adaptive immunity, innate immunity
D.
External innate immunity, internal innate immunity, adaptive immunity
E.
External innate immunity, adaptive immunity, internal innate immunity
Question #31
Which of the following supplies blood to the abdominal wall?
A.
Median sacral artery
B.
Subclavian arteries
C.
Posterior intercostal arteries
D.
Lumbar arteries
Question #32
Gas, nutrient, and waste exchange occur between the __________ and the tissues of the body.
A.
capillaries
B.
capillaries and veins
C.
arteries
D.
veins
E.
capillaries and arteries
Question #33
The hepatic portal system allows for the processing of
A.
hormones that are secreted by glands and must be directed to their target organs.
B.
nutrients and toxins absorbed from the gastrointestinal system into the blood.
C.
bacteria that grow in the large intestine but need to be regulated.
D.
drugs and toxins in the blood so that they are secreted directly into the urine.
Question #34
The arteries that anastomose and form the two arterial arches in the palm are the _____ and _____ arteries.
A.
axillary; brachial
B.
radial; brachial
C.
axillary; subclavian
D.
ulnar; brachial
E.
radial; ulnar
Question #35
Some large molecules, such as fatty acids, are transported between capillaries and tissues by vesicular transport.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #36
Excitation of the vasomotor center results in
A.
redistribution of blood flow away from the skeletal muscles and toward the skin.
B.
increased autonomic activity that increases heart rate and dilates blood vessels.
C.
increased parasympathetic activity and predominantly more vasodilation than vasoconstriction.
D.
increased sympathetic activity and predominantly more vasoconstriction than vasodilation.
E.
decreased autonomic activity that decreases heart rate and constricts blood vessels.
Question #37
A.
in veins and is the minimum pressure recorded during atrial relaxation.
B.
in arteries and is the maximal pressure that is recorded during ventricular contraction.
C.
in veins and is the maximal pressure recorded during atrial contraction.
D.
in arteries and is the minimum pressure that is recorded during ventricular relaxation.
E.
in both arteries and veins and is the maximum pressure recorded during diastole of the heart.
Question #38
The superior vena cava is formed by the merging of the _______ veins.
A.
brachiocephalic
B.
internaljugular
C.
internalthoracic
D.
lumbar
E.
inferiorepigastric
Question #39
A venule becomes a vein when its diameter is greater than ____ micrometers.
A.
1000
B.
1
C.
100
D.
10
Question #40
The largest arteries of the body are classified as
A.
None of the answers is correct.
B.
muscular and elastic because they have the same dimensions.
C.
arterioles.
D.
elasticarteries.
E.
musculararteries.
Question #41
Which path of arteries would a blood cell follow on its way from the thigh to the foot?
A.
Deep femoral a., medial planar a., posterior tibial a., plantar arterialarch
B.
Femoral a.,popliteal a., anterior tibial a., dorsalis pedis a.
C.
Lateral sacral a.,femoral a., hamstring a., tibial a., dorsalis pedis a.
D.
Internal iliac a.,deep femoral a., poplitial a., posterior fibular a.
E.
Femoral a.,saphenous a., azygous a., anterior tibial a.
Question #42
Blood hydrostatic pressure in systemic capillaries is greater than interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #43
An increase in blood vessel diameter would lead to a decrease in blood flow.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #44
Which is the most common type of capillary?
A.
Venules
B.
Fenestrated
C.
Continuous
D.
Sinusoids
E.
Discontinuous
Question #45
The vessels that supply the lower limbs are the
A.
internal iliacarteries.
B.
vertebralarteries.
C.
commoncarotids.
D.
subclavianarteries
E.
external iliacarteries.
Question #46
A.
chemoreceptors to activate the vasomotor center.
B.
chemoreceptors to inhibit the vasomotor center.
C.
baroreceptors to activate the cardio inhibitory center and inhibit the cardio acceleratory center.
D.
baroreceptors to activate the vasomotor center.
E.
baroreceptors and chemoreceptors to activate the cardio inhibitory center and inhibit the vasomotor center.
Question #47
The inferior mesenteric artery supplies blood to the
A.
sigmoid colon andascending colon.
B.
transversecolon.
C.
transverse colonand descending colon.
D.
sigmoid colon.
E.
transverse colon,descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum.
Question #48
Angiotensin II causes
A.
vasoconstriction,increased urine formation, and decreased thirst.
B.
vasoconstriction,decrease urine formation, and increased thirst.
C.
increased heart rate, vasodilation, and less urine formation.
D.
decreased heart rate, vasoconstriction, and increased urine formation.
E.
decreased thirst,vasodilation, and increased urine formation.
Question #49
Which are found in the capillary wall? a: Endothelium b: Subendothelial layer c: Internal elastic lamina d: Intercellular clefts e: External elastic lamina f: Basement membrane
A.
a, d, f
B.
a, c, d, e, f
C.
b, d, e, f
D.
a, b, d, f
E.
a, b, d, e, f
Question #50
The _____ in the pulmonary circuit carry deoxygenated blood.
A.
arteries
B.
veins
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