Biology 2060 - Anatomy and Physiology II » Summer 2021 » Lecture Exam 2
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Question #1
The ossa coxae contain red marrow.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #2
MALT is found in which layer of the wall of a hollow organ?
A.
Epithelial
B.
Lamina propria
C.
Submucosa
D.
Muscularisexterna
Question #3
The path that fluid takes as it enters a lymphatic capillary is through
A.
spaces between capillary endothelial cells that are arranged as one-way flaps.
B.
active transport protein pumps on endothelial cell membranes.
C.
vesicles that move the fluid across the cell (transcytosis).
D.
cell membrane leakage channels that allow diffusion.
E.
pores(fenestrations) in the cells of the capillary wall.
Question #4
Because lymphatic vessels have three tunics (intima, media, and externa) and valves, they structurally resemble
A.
veins.
B.
arterioles.
C.
arteries.
D.
capillaries.
Question #5
The thymus contains ______ lobes and is located _______.
A.
4; anterior to the laryngeal prominence (Adam's apple)
B.
2; in the mediastinum
C.
4; in the mediastinum
D.
2; anterior to the laryngeal prominence (Adam's apple)
Question #6
Lymphatic capillaries
A.
include layers of smooth muscle for peristalsis.
B.
cannot be discerned structurally from cardiovascular system capillaries.
C.
originate as closed-ended tubes associated with blood capillary networks.
D.
concentrate lymph prior to passing it to larger lymphatic vessels.
E.
filter lymph.
Question #7
Lymphatic nodules consist of
A.
afferent vessels,efferent vessels, a cortex, and medulla.
B.
crypts,trabeculae, and Reed-Sternberg cells.
C.
central arteries and monocytes.
D.
lymphatic cells,extracellular matrix, and an incomplete connective tissue capsule.
E.
a hilum that is located intermediate to two lobules.
Question #8
The appendix contains lymphatic nodules.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #9
Which fluid does lymph most closely resemble?
A.
Interstitial fluid
B.
Blood plasma
C.
Intracellular fluid
D.
Whole blood
Question #10
The central nervous system contains a dense network of lymphatic capillaries.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #11
Which of the following does not contain red marrow?
A.
Ribs
B.
Sternum
C.
Flat bones of the skull
D.
Vertebrae
E.
Long bones of digits
Question #12
The pharyngeal tonsils are located
A.
along the posterior margins of the tongue.
B.
at the base of the palatoglossal arches.
C.
in the posterior wall of the nasopharynx.
D.
in the posterolateral region of the oral cavity.
E.
lateral to the uvula in the oropharynx.
Question #13
The main function of tonsils is to detect and protect against infections agents that are
A.
in the blood.
B.
in the lymph.
C.
ingested or inhaled.
D.
secreted by salivary glands
Question #14
The lymphatic system's two main functions are to assist in
A.
removal of fats from the blood and inflammatory responses.
B.
neural support and blood sugar control.
C.
endocrine function and neural support.
D.
immunity and fluid balance.
E.
blood cell production and endocrine function.
Question #15
The thymus contains lymphatic cells as well as secretory _________ tissue.
A.
neural
B.
areolar
C.
muscle
D.
osseous
E.
epithelial
Question #16
IgA is primarily found
A.
in lymph.
B.
on the surface of B-lymphocytes.
C.
in blood.
D.
in the thymus,spleen, and lymph nodes.
E.
in external secretions such as tears, saliva, and mucus.
Question #17
Which type of cell attacks a variety of unwanted cells and causes those cells to undergo apoptosis?
A.
Macrophages
B.
Basophils
C.
Neutrophils
D.
Eosinophils
E.
Natural killer cells
Question #18
Negative selection is the process by which cells learn self-tolerance.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #19
A fever __________ reproduction of bacteria and ___________ CAMs on the endothelium of capillaries of lymph nodes.
A.
stimulates; increases
B.
inhibits; increases
C.
inhibits; decreases
D.
stimulates; decreases
Question #20
"Complement" refers to a group of
A.
white bloodcells.
B.
plasmaproteins.
C.
molecules on the surface of pathogenic microbes.
D.
antibodies.
Question #21
Agglutination of mismatched blood is a function of
A.
IgD, which is adimer.
B.
IgD, which is apentamer.
C.
IgM, which is adimer.
D.
IgM, which is apentamer.
Question #22
The site of infection is the location at which lymphocytes
A.
provide aneffector response.
B.
become able to recognize one specific foreign antigen.
C.
are activated.
D.
are formed.
Question #23
Compared to most interstitial fluid in the body, the interstitial fluid of aninflamed area would have a lower osmolarity and a lower concentration of proteins.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #24
Vaccines are effective because they
A.
inhibit antibodies from having secondary responses.
B.
increase the number of natural killer cells while decreasing the numbers of T and B cells.
C.
stimulate the development of immunologic memory.
D.
immediately stimulate cellular immunity to eliminate all of the pathogen in the body.
Question #25
Often a virus-infected cell will release _________ to prevent spread of the infection.
A.
perforin
B.
serotonin
C.
interferon
D.
histamine
E.
complement
Question #26
Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes that have killed a foreign cell may transform into
A.
helper T-lymphocytes.
B.
memory B-lymphocytes.
C.
plasma cells.
D.
natural killer cells.
E.
None of the choices is correct.
Question #27
The second signal during B-lymphocyte activation involves stimulation from
A.
IL-4 released by helper T-lymphocytes.
B.
IL-2 released by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes.
C.
antibodies released by antigens.
D.
bradykinin released by antigen-presenting cells.
Question #28
Helper T-lymphocytes are also known as
A.
CD4 +cells.
B.
CD8 + cells.
C.
T8 cells.
D.
memory T-lymphocytes.
E.
cytotoxic T-lymphocytes.
Question #29
The first signal during helper T-lymphocyte activation involves
A.
CD4 of the helper T-cell binding with MHC class II of the antigen-presenting cell.
B.
CD4 of the helper T-cell binding with MHC class I part of the antigen fragment.
C.
CD8 of the helper T-cell binding with MHC class III of the antigen-presenting cell.
D.
BCR of the helper T-cell binding with free antigen and engulfing it.
Question #30
Which of the following lists the body's first, second, and third lines of defense in order?
A.
Innate immunity, internal adaptive immunity, internal innate immunity
B.
External innate immunity, internal innate immunity, adaptive immunity
C.
External adaptive immunity, internal adaptive immunity, innate immunity
D.
External innate immunity, adaptive immunity, internal innate immunity
E.
Adaptive immunity,external innate immunity, internal immunity
Question #31
Which of the following supplies blood to the abdominal wall?
A.
Posterior intercostal arteries
B.
Median sacral artery
C.
Lumbar arteries
D.
Subclavian arteries
Question #32
Gas, nutrient, and waste exchange occur between the __________ and the tissues of the body.
A.
arteries
B.
capillaries
C.
capillaries and arteries
D.
capillaries and veins
E.
veins
Question #33
The hepatic portal system allows for the processing of
A.
bacteria that grow in the large intestine but need to be regulated.
B.
nutrients and toxins absorbed from the gastrointestinal system into the blood.
C.
drugs and toxins in the blood so that they are secreted directly into the urine.
D.
hormones that are secreted by glands and must be directed to their target organs.
Question #34
The arteries that anastomose and form the two arterial arches in the palm are the _____ and _____ arteries.
A.
axillary; brachial
B.
radial; ulnar
C.
ulnar; brachial
D.
radial; brachial
E.
axillary; subclavian
Question #35
Some large molecules, such as fatty acids, are transported between capillaries and tissues by vesicular transport.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #36
Excitation of the vasomotor center results in
A.
increased parasympathetic activity and predominantly more vasodilation than vasoconstriction.
B.
increased autonomic activity that increases heart rate and dilates blood vessels.
C.
increased sympathetic activity and predominantly more vasoconstriction than vasodilation.
D.
redistribution of blood flow away from the skeletal muscles and toward the skin.
E.
decreased autonomic activity that decreases heart rate and constricts blood vessels.
Question #37
Systolic blood pressure is recorded
A.
in both arteries and veins and is the maximum pressure recorded during diastole of the heart.
B.
in veins and is the maximal pressure recorded during atrial contraction.
C.
in veins and is the minimum pressure recorded during atrial relaxation.
D.
in arteries and is the minimum pressure that is recorded during ventricular relaxation.
E.
in arteries and is the maximal pressure that is recorded during ventricular contraction.
Question #38
The superior vena cava is formed by the merging of the _______ veins.
A.
brachiocephalic
B.
internalthoracic
C.
internaljugular
D.
inferiorepigastric
E.
lumbar
Question #39
A venule becomes a vein when its diameter is greater than ____ micrometers.
A.
1000
B.
1
C.
10
D.
100
Question #40
The largest arteries of the body are classified as
A.
arterioles.
B.
musculararteries.
C.
elasticarteries.
D.
None of the answers is correct.
E.
muscular and elastic because they have the same dimensions.
Question #41
Which path of arteries would a blood cell follow on its way from the thigh to the foot?
A.
Deep femoral a., medial planar a., posterior tibial a., plantar arterialarch
B.
Femoral a.,saphenous a., azygous a., anterior tibial a.
C.
Femoral a.,popliteal a., anterior tibial a., dorsalis pedis a.
D.
Internal iliac a.,deep femoral a., poplitial a., posterior fibular a.
E.
Lateral sacral a.,femoral a., hamstring a., tibial a., dorsalis pedis a.
Question #42
Blood hydrostatic pressure in systemic capillaries is greater than interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #43
An increase in blood vessel diameter would lead to a decrease in blood flow.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #44
Which is the most common type of capillary?
A.
Venules
B.
Fenestrated
C.
Discontinuous
D.
Sinusoids
E.
Continuous
Question #45
The vessels that supply the lower limbs are the
A.
external iliacarteries.
B.
internal iliacarteries.
C.
subclavianarteries
D.
commoncarotids.
E.
vertebralarteries.
Question #46
A.
chemoreceptors to inhibit the vasomotor center.
B.
baroreceptors to activate the vasomotor center.
C.
baroreceptors and chemoreceptors to activate the cardio inhibitory center and inhibit the vasomotor center.
D.
chemoreceptors to activate the vasomotor center.
E.
baroreceptors to activate the cardio inhibitory center and inhibit the cardio acceleratory center.
Question #47
The inferior mesenteric artery supplies blood to the
A.
transverse colonand descending colon.
B.
transverse colon,descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum.
C.
sigmoid colon.
D.
transversecolon.
E.
sigmoid colon andascending colon.
Question #48
Angiotensin II causes
A.
vasoconstriction,decrease urine formation, and increased thirst.
B.
increased heart rate, vasodilation, and less urine formation.
C.
decreased heart rate, vasoconstriction, and increased urine formation.
D.
vasoconstriction,increased urine formation, and decreased thirst.
E.
decreased thirst,vasodilation, and increased urine formation.
Question #49
Which are found in the capillary wall? a: Endothelium b: Subendothelial layer c: Internal elastic lamina d: Intercellular clefts e: External elastic lamina f: Basement membrane
A.
a, b, d, e, f
B.
b, d, e, f
C.
a, c, d, e, f
D.
a, b, d, f
E.
a, d, f
Question #50
The _____ in the pulmonary circuit carry deoxygenated blood.
A.
veins
B.
arteries
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