Philosophy 001 - Introduction to Philosophy » Spring 2021 » Exam 1
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Question #1
The philosophical view that a real world exists independently of our language, our thoughts, our perceptions, and our beliefs is called
A.
Pragmatism
B.
Realism
C.
Postmodernism
D.
Antirealism
Question #2
J.J.C. Smart endorsed what theory of human nature?
A.
Identity theory
B.
The existentialist view
C.
The traditional view
D.
Coextension theory
Question #3
Bad faith, according to Jean-Paul Sartre, is deceiving ourselves in order to avoid who we truly are.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #4
What philosopher argued that service toward others is our primary moral duty?
A.
Plato
B.
Harry Browne
C.
Mahatma Gandhi
D.
Aristotle
Question #5
Karma means literally
A.
Fate
B.
Rightness
C.
Action
D.
Movement
Question #6
Which pragmatist was concerned with the logical implications of ideas?
A.
Elmer Sprague
B.
C.S. Pierce
C.
William James
D.
John Dewey
Question #7
What philosopher wrote: "Everyone is selfish; everyone is doing what he believes will make him happier?"
A.
Harry Browne
B.
Perictione
C.
James Rachels
D.
Mahatma Gandhi
Question #8
Hobbes believed that our mental states are states of our brain.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #9
According to whom does philosophical knowledge free us from the cycle of birth, suffering, death, and rebirth?
A.
Plato
B.
Buddha
C.
Krishna
D.
Aristotle
Question #10
All that a valid deductive argument guarantees is that if its premises are true, then the conclusion has to be
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
C.
Sound
D.
Likely
Question #11
Rachels says that finding satisfaction in helping others is not
A.
Karmic
B.
Selfishness
C.
Worthwhile
D.
Moral
Question #12
J.J.C. Smart argued that states of consciousness are identical with states of the brain.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #13
The view of philosophy as the activity of examining our assumptions and beliefs about ourselves and the universe around us was expressed by
A.
Perictione
B.
Buddha
C.
Plato
D.
Aristotle
Question #14
Plato believed that the forms were temporary and underwent a constant process of change.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #15
The Buddhist term, maya, refers to the world of illusion
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #16
In behaviorism, our consciousness seems to have disappeared.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #17
What subfield of philosophy is concerned with the ultimate characteristics of reality or existence?
A.
Epistomology
B.
Axiology
C.
Metaphysics
D.
Ethics
Question #18
The Charvaka philosophers were spiritualists.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #19
Vasubandhu claimed that we directly perceive the objects in the world around us.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #20
Charles S. Pierce was concerned with the psychological effects of ideas.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #21
Based on his experience in a Nazi prison camp, what philosopher argued that human beings are ultimately free and that each of us has the freedom to be whoever we choose to be?
A.
John Stuart Mill
B.
Paul Henri d'Holbach
C.
Victor Frankl
D.
Gail Stenstad
Question #22
The Hindu term, atman, can best be defined as the supreme being or ultimate reality
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #23
Freud wrote Civilization and Its Discontents
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #24
A tautological statement can never possibly be false
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #25
A.J. Ayer believed that there were only two meaningful kinds of statements:
A.
Relations of ideas and statements of fact
B.
Relations of ideas and tautologies
C.
Relations of fact and statements of ideas
D.
Empirical hypotheses and statements of fact
Question #26
Augustine did not believe that human beings have a will.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #27
Existentialism emphasizes the free and conscious individual.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #28
In assessing an argument we need only to look at its logical form
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #29
Which view is the heir of pragmatism and idealism?
A.
Antirealism
B.
Materialism
C.
Irrealism
D.
Atheism
Question #30
Vasubandhu claimed that we directly perceive the objects in the world around us
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #31
The statement, "All bachelors are unmarried" is a(n)
A.
synthetic statement
B.
analytical statement
C.
meaningless statement
D.
empirical statement
Question #32
What French philosopher argues that the scientist's objective time is just a conceptual abstraction, a construct of the mind?
A.
Immanuel Kant
B.
Michel Foucault
C.
J.J.C Smart
D.
Henri Bergson
Question #33
St. Augustine found it difficult to believe that spirits were real.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #34
What philosopher argued that reality can be explained in terms of the smallest possible pieces of matter he called atoms?
A.
Plato
B.
Democritus
C.
Aristotle
D.
Augustine
Question #35
Hobbes believed there was more to the Universe than measurable matter.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #36
Dewey believed that philosophy arose out of people's struggles to deal with social and political problems.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #37
A.
Ethics
B.
Theology
C.
Metaphysics
D.
Epistemology
Question #38
An argument that is supposed to show that its conclusion is probably true if its premises are true is a(n)
A.
Inductive argument
B.
Deductive argument
C.
Sound argument
D.
Valid argument
Question #39
Husserl believed that Europe had inherited rationality from the Greeks.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #40
What contemporary Canadian philosopher argues that all the things in the universe are thoughts in the mind of God
A.
F. H. Bradley
B.
Josiah Royce
C.
John Leslie
D.
John Rawls
Question #41
Newton believed that all material bodies in the universe were governed by universal laws of nature
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #42
Thomas Hobbes endorses
A.
Compatibilism
B.
Determinism
C.
Libertarianism
D.
Existentialism
Question #43
An unusual aspect of consciousness is that the objects of which one is conscious need not exist. This feature of consciousness is called
A.
subjectivity
B.
intensionality
C.
spatiality
D.
objectivity
Question #44
The attribution of human thoughts and emotions onto the nonhuman universe is the fallacy of
A.
Equivocation
B.
Composition
C.
Anthropomorphism
D.
Wishful thinking
Question #45
Who wrote, "The aim of phenomenology is described as the study of experiences with a view to bringing out their essences, their underlying reason"?
A.
Edmund Husserl
B.
Hilary Putnam
C.
Maurice Merleau-Ponty
D.
Jean Grimshaw
Question #46
What philosopher argued that humans are made up of dual substances, a material body and an immaterial mind?
A.
Rene Descartes
B.
Thomas Hobbes
C.
Aristotle
D.
Jean-Paul Sartre
Question #47
Epistemology literally means
A.
The study of morality
B.
The study of being
C.
The study of freedom
D.
The study of knowledge
Question #48
The view that there are many realities and that realities are constructed by the many languages of the cultures and subcultures is called
A.
Pragmatism
B.
Realism
C.
Postmodernism
D.
Existentialism
Question #49
The neutrino has no mass, no electrical charge, and no magnetic field.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
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