Philosophy 1330 - Ethics » Summer 2021 » Quiz 3
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Question #1
Consequentialism states that an action is right if and only if it
A.
does not harm anyone.
B.
gives people what they deserve.
C.
is good for more people than any alternative action.
D.
maximizes the amount of goodness in the world.
Question #2
The principle of utility can be summarized as
A.
“maximize overall well-being.”
B.
“always pursue your own self-interest.”
C.
“do unto others as you would have them do unto you.”
D.
“do whatever is most useful in the circumstances.”
Question #3
Most utilitarians believe that the morality of an action depends on
A.
its expected results, its actual results and the goodness of one’s intentions.
B.
its actual results.
C.
its expected results.
D.
the goodness of one’s intentions.
Question #4
According to utilitarianism
A.
there is no essential connection between the morality of an action and the morality of the intentions behind it.
B.
whether one’s action is right depends on whether one’s intentions are good.
C.
whether one’s intentions are good depends on whether one’s action is right.
D.
the morality of actions and the goodness of intentions are mutually dependent.
Question #5
John Stuart Mill thought that the only intrinsically valuable thing is
A.
virtue.
B.
desire satisfaction.
C.
happiness.
D.
knowledge.
Question #6
According to utilitarian Jeremy Bentham, what is the relevant question for determining membership in the moral community?
A.
Can they talk?
B.
Can they reason?
C.
Can they suffer?
D.
Can they care?
Question #7
According to the Argument from Injustice,
A.
injustice can sometimes be justified in certain circumstances.
B.
utilitarianism sometimes requires us to commit serious injustices.
C.
justice is not intrinsically valuable.
D.
injustice can sometimes be justified in certain circumstances, justice is not intrinsically valuable, and utilitarianism sometimes requires us to commit serious injustices.
Question #8
In Kant’s theory, a maxim is a(n)
A.
piece of wisdom handed down over many generations.
B.
objectively correct moral rule.
C.
principle of action that one gives to oneself.
D.
false moral principle.
Question #9
According to Kant, an action is morally acceptable if and only if
A.
it maximizes happiness.
B.
it is in accordance with the golden rule.
C.
its maxim is accepted in one’s society.
D.
its maxim is universalizable.
Question #10
Kant claims that the morality of an action depends on
A.
the results of one’s action.
B.
one’s intentions.
C.
the results of one’s action and one’s intentions.
D.
none of the above
Question #11
According to Kant, the demands of morality are
A.
hypothetical imperatives.
B.
categorical imperatives.
C.
the products of social convention.
D.
created by God.
Question #12
Which of the following best characterizes Kant’s moral theory?
A.
It is a version of utilitarianism.
B.
it is inconsistent with consequentialism.
C.
It is a version of consequentialism, but it is not utilitarian.
D.
It is neutral on the issue of whether consequentialism is true.
Question #13
What is the fundamental principle of morality, according to Kant?
A.
Never lie.
B.
Always maximize happiness.
C.
Act only on maxims that are universalizable.
D.
Do unto others as you would have them do unto you.
Question #14
Kant believed that humans have dignity by virtue of their
A.
capacity for kindness.
B.
membership in the species Homo sapiens.
C.
rationality and autonomy.
D.
being created in the image of God.
Question #15
In Kant’s view, your action has moral worth if and only if
A.
you do what duty requires.
B.
you do it because you understand that it is the right thing to do.
C.
it maximizes happiness.
D.
it is performed out of a desire to benefit others.
Question #16
Which of the following best represents John Stuart Mill’s view of pleasure?
A.
Pleasure is one of many things that are intrinsically valuable and all pleasure is equally valuable.
B.
All pleasure is equally valuable.
C.
Pleasure is one of many things that are intrinsically valuable.
D.
Some pleasures are “higher” than others and thus more valuable.
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