Biology 2060 - Anatomy and Physiology II » Summer 2021 » Lecture Exam 4
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Question #1
Both the proximal convoluted tubule and the distal convoluted tubule reside in the cortex of the kidney.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #2
What is the value of transitional epithelium in the urinary system?
A.
Its cilia help propel the urine.
B.
It protects against trauma.
C.
It allows distension.
D.
It provides cushioning.
E.
It can contract to produce peristalsis.
Question #3
What is the correct sequence of organs for the formation and elimination of urine?
A.
Kidney, bladder,ureter, urethra
B.
Kidney, urethra,bladder, ureter
C.
Bladder, urethra,kidney, ureter
D.
Urethra, bladder, kidney, ureter
E.
Kidney, ureter,bladder, urethra
Question #4
The hormone atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)causes an increase in GFR.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #5
Increases in NFP result in increases in GFR.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #6
In response to low blood ________, the kidneys secrete __________.
A.
calcium; renin
B.
potassium; erythropoietin
C.
sodium; calcitriol
D.
glucose; calcitriol
E.
oxygen; erythropoietin
Question #7
Which of the following choices lists structures in the order in which urine flows through them?
A.
Major calyx, minor calyx, renal pelvis
B.
Renal pelvis, major calyx, minor pelvis
C.
Major pelvis, minor calyx, renal pelvis
D.
Minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis
E.
Major calyx, renal pelvis, minor calyx
Question #8
Fluid contained within a minor calyx is called urine.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #9
The capillaries of the glomerulus differ from most other capillary networks in the body because they
A.
contain no endothelium.
B.
secrete mucus.
C.
drain into an arteriole instead of a venule.
D.
carry only deoxygenated blood.
E.
absorb nutrients from the glomerular capsule.
Question #10
The proximal convoluted tubule is lined with a
A.
simple squamous endothelium that makes a slick surface.
B.
simple columnar epithelium with a slick smooth surface.
C.
cuboidal epithelium with a large surface area.
D.
stratified squamous epithelium with a large surface area.
E.
stratified squamous epithelium with a tough, durable surface.
Question #11
The renal corpuscle is located within the
A.
collecting duct.
B.
renal cortex.
C.
renal pelvis.
D.
renal medulla.
Question #12
The counter current multiplier is a negative feedback mechanism.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #13
Podocytes are cells with foot-like processes called pedicels. Podocytes are found in the
A.
periphery of the distal convoluted tubule.
B.
visceral layer of the glomerular capsule.
C.
basement membrane of the glomerulus.
D.
endothelium of the glomerulus.
Question #14
Stimulation of granular cells by the sympathetic nervous system causes them to
A.
relax.
B.
contract.
C.
increase endocytosis.
D.
release calcitriol.
Question #15
The nephron loop makes a hairpin turn within the ________ and its ________ limb ends at the distal convoluted tubule.
A.
medulla; ascending
B.
medulla; descending
C.
cortex; descending
D.
cortex; ascending
Question #16
The tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism responds to an increase in
A.
NaCl concentration in tubular fluid by signaling for afferent arteriole constriction with local chemical messengers.
B.
systemic blood pressure by signaling for a decrease in heart rate through blood-bornehormones.
C.
glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure by signaling for afferent arterioles to constrict and increase filtration rate.
D.
urine productionby signaling for a decrease in urine production through the hormone ADH.
Question #17
Generally, most water reabsorption in a nephron occurs at the
A.
nephron loop and is called facultative water reabsorption.
B.
proximal convoluted tubule and is called facultativewater reabsorption.
C.
nephron loop andis called obligatory water reabsorption.
D.
proximal convoluted tubuleand is called obligatory water reabsorption.
Question #18
Peptides such as angiotensin are reabsorbed by means of phagocytosis by tubule wall cells.The peptide is then transported back to the blood as a functional molecule.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #19
The presence of proteins in the plasma tends to
A.
draw fluid back into the glomerulus.
B.
push fluid across the filtration membrane.
Question #20
Sympathetic fibers inhibit micturition.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #21
The acrosome cap contains
A.
mitochondria to provide energy for movement.
B.
buffers to neutralize the acidity of the female reproductive tract.
C.
nutrients to sustain the sperm.
D.
testosterone.
E.
enzymes to allow penetration into the oocyte.
Question #22
Movement of the oocyte along the uterine tube is due to peristalsis and ciliary action.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #23
The process by which double-stranded, homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material is known as
A.
crossing over, and it occurs in meiosis.
B.
crossing over, and it occurs in mitosis.
C.
interphase, and it occurs in meiosis.
D.
crossing over, and it occurs in interphase.
E.
interphase, and it occurs in mitosis.
Question #24
A reduction division is one in which
A.
the size of chromosomes is reduced from double-stranded to single-stranded.
B.
one daughter cellis substantially reduced in size compared to the parent cell.
C.
the chemical reactions of oxidation and reduction take place.
D.
the daughter cells receive only half as many chromosomes as the parent cell had.
Question #25
What structure forms from the remnants of the follicle following ovulation?
A.
Corona radiata
B.
Zona pellucida
C.
Corpus albicans
D.
Corpus luteum
E.
Antrum
Question #26
When comparing gamete production in males and females, males produce
A.
fewer gametes that are larger in size.
B.
fewer gametes that are smaller in size.
C.
more gametes that are larger in size.
D.
more gametes that are smaller in size.
Question #27
How many secondary oocytes ultimately develop from each primary oocyte?
A.
4
B.
3
C.
2
D.
5
E.
1
Question #28
Which is not part of the vulva?
A.
Clitoris
B.
Labia minora
C.
Vagina
D.
Mons pubis
E.
Labia majora
Question #29
What is the correct order for the segments of the uterine tube, beginning at the ovary?
A.
Infundibulum - isthmus - ampulla - uterine part
B.
Uterine part - isthmus - ampulla - infundibulum
C.
Infundibulum - ampulla - isthmus - uterine part
D.
Uterine part - infundibulum - ampulla - isthmus
E.
Ampulla - infundibulum - uterine part - isthmus
Question #30
The corpora cavernosa extend within the glans of the penis.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #31
The external os is the
A.
uterine tube attachment site.
B.
bone that supports the uterus during pregnancy.
C.
primary suspensory ligament for the uterus.
D.
inferior portionof the central cavity.
E.
opening of the cervix into the vagina.
Question #32
An erection is the result of parasympathetic innervation, and ejaculation is the result of sympathetic innervation.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #33
During the resolution phase, the central artery of the penis decreases in diameter.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #34
Human somatic cells contain only one pair of
A.
sex chromosomes.
B.
homologous chromosomes.
C.
autosomes.
D.
chromosomes.
Question #35
During female sexual excitement, the mammary glands, clitoris, and labia become engorged with blood.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #36
The stages that appear during spermatogenesis are a: spermatid b: primary spermatocyte c: spermatogonium d: spermatozoon e: secondary spermatocyte What is the correct order of appearance of these stages?
A.
a, c, b, e, d
B.
c, b, e, a, d
C.
c, e, d, a, b
D.
b, e, c, d, a
Question #37
A.
haploid.
B.
monoid.
C.
diploid.
D.
polyploid.
Question #38
Mitosis involves crossing over and the production of haploid daughter cells.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #39
The corpus luteum secretes progesterone and estrogen.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #40
The testes are the male gametes.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #41
Estrogen levels rise during the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle, and estrogen assists with the development of the dominant follicle.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #42
The ridge that is visible externally along the midline of the scrotum is called the
A.
scrotal cord.
B.
septum.
C.
perineum.
D.
raphe.
E.
tunica albuginea.
Question #43
The daughter cells that result from meiosis I are
A.
haploid and contain single-stranded chromosomes.
B.
diploid and contain single-stranded chromosomes.
C.
diploid and contain double-stranded chromosomes.
D.
haploid and contain double-stranded chromosomes.
Question #44
Which type of ovarian follicle contains a secondary oocyte?
A.
Secondary follicle
B.
Polar follicle
C.
Mature follicle
D.
Primordial follicle
E.
Primary follicle
Question #45
Menarche is
A.
the stage immediately preceding menopause.
B.
a female’s first menstrual cycle.
C.
the first four days of menstruation.
D.
marked by a dramatic decline in androgen secretion.
E.
the final phase of the uterine cycle.
Question #46
A.
uterine part of the uterine tube.
B.
ampulla of the uterine tube.
C.
body of th euterus.
D.
fundus of the uterus.
E.
vagina.
Question #47
The hymen is located
A.
at the cervix.
B.
near the fundus of the uterus.
C.
at the external urethral sphincter.
D.
near the vaginal orifice.
E.
at the superior end of the vagina.
Question #48
Which does not provide structural support for the uterus?
A.
Round ligament
B.
Uterine ligament
C.
Urogenital diaphragm
D.
Uterosacral ligament
E.
Transverse cervical ligament
Question #49
Ovulation typically occurs on day 14 of the ovarian cycle, and the luteal phase occurs on days
A.
6–14.
B.
8–18.
C.
15–28.
D.
1–5.
Question #50
The ejaculatory duct is formed by the
A.
ampulla and the prostatic urethra.
B.
ductus deferens and the ducts of the prostate gland and bulbourethral glands.
C.
ampulla and the distal portions of the bulbourethral glands.
D.
ampulla and the proximal portion of the seminal vesicle.
E.
ductus deferens and the ducts of the prostate gland.
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