Biology 2060 - Anatomy and Physiology II » Summer 2021 » Lecture Exam 4
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Question #1
Both the proximal convoluted tubule and the distal convoluted tubule reside in the cortex of the kidney.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #2
What is the value of transitional epithelium in the urinary system?
A.
It can contract to produce peristalsis.
B.
It provides cushioning.
C.
Its cilia help propel the urine.
D.
It allows distension.
E.
It protects against trauma.
Question #3
What is the correct sequence of organs for the formation and elimination of urine?
A.
Kidney, ureter,bladder, urethra
B.
Kidney, bladder,ureter, urethra
C.
Bladder, urethra,kidney, ureter
D.
Kidney, urethra,bladder, ureter
E.
Urethra, bladder, kidney, ureter
Question #4
The hormone atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)causes an increase in GFR.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #5
Increases in NFP result in increases in GFR.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #6
In response to low blood ________, the kidneys secrete __________.
A.
calcium; renin
B.
oxygen; erythropoietin
C.
glucose; calcitriol
D.
potassium; erythropoietin
E.
sodium; calcitriol
Question #7
Which of the following choices lists structures in the order in which urine flows through them?
A.
Major calyx, minor calyx, renal pelvis
B.
Renal pelvis, major calyx, minor pelvis
C.
Major calyx, renal pelvis, minor calyx
D.
Major pelvis, minor calyx, renal pelvis
E.
Minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis
Question #8
Fluid contained within a minor calyx is called urine.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #9
The capillaries of the glomerulus differ from most other capillary networks in the body because they
A.
carry only deoxygenated blood.
B.
absorb nutrients from the glomerular capsule.
C.
secrete mucus.
D.
drain into an arteriole instead of a venule.
E.
contain no endothelium.
Question #10
The proximal convoluted tubule is lined with a
A.
stratified squamous epithelium with a large surface area.
B.
cuboidal epithelium with a large surface area.
C.
stratified squamous epithelium with a tough, durable surface.
D.
simple squamous endothelium that makes a slick surface.
E.
simple columnar epithelium with a slick smooth surface.
Question #11
The renal corpuscle is located within the
A.
renal medulla.
B.
renal pelvis.
C.
collecting duct.
D.
renal cortex.
Question #12
The counter current multiplier is a negative feedback mechanism.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #13
Podocytes are cells with foot-like processes called pedicels. Podocytes are found in the
A.
endothelium of the glomerulus.
B.
visceral layer of the glomerular capsule.
C.
basement membrane of the glomerulus.
D.
periphery of the distal convoluted tubule.
Question #14
Stimulation of granular cells by the sympathetic nervous system causes them to
A.
relax.
B.
release calcitriol.
C.
contract.
D.
increase endocytosis.
Question #15
The nephron loop makes a hairpin turn within the ________ and its ________ limb ends at the distal convoluted tubule.
A.
cortex; descending
B.
cortex; ascending
C.
medulla; descending
D.
medulla; ascending
Question #16
The tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism responds to an increase in
A.
urine productionby signaling for a decrease in urine production through the hormone ADH.
B.
glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure by signaling for afferent arterioles to constrict and increase filtration rate.
C.
systemic blood pressure by signaling for a decrease in heart rate through blood-bornehormones.
D.
NaCl concentration in tubular fluid by signaling for afferent arteriole constriction with local chemical messengers.
Question #17
Generally, most water reabsorption in a nephron occurs at the
A.
proximal convoluted tubule and is called facultativewater reabsorption.
B.
nephron loop andis called obligatory water reabsorption.
C.
proximal convoluted tubuleand is called obligatory water reabsorption.
D.
nephron loop and is called facultative water reabsorption.
Question #18
Peptides such as angiotensin are reabsorbed by means of phagocytosis by tubule wall cells.The peptide is then transported back to the blood as a functional molecule.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #19
The presence of proteins in the plasma tends to
A.
draw fluid back into the glomerulus.
B.
push fluid across the filtration membrane.
Question #20
Sympathetic fibers inhibit micturition.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #21
The acrosome cap contains
A.
nutrients to sustain the sperm.
B.
testosterone.
C.
enzymes to allow penetration into the oocyte.
D.
buffers to neutralize the acidity of the female reproductive tract.
E.
mitochondria to provide energy for movement.
Question #22
Movement of the oocyte along the uterine tube is due to peristalsis and ciliary action.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #23
The process by which double-stranded, homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material is known as
A.
crossing over, and it occurs in mitosis.
B.
interphase, and it occurs in mitosis.
C.
interphase, and it occurs in meiosis.
D.
crossing over, and it occurs in meiosis.
E.
crossing over, and it occurs in interphase.
Question #24
A reduction division is one in which
A.
the daughter cells receive only half as many chromosomes as the parent cell had.
B.
the size of chromosomes is reduced from double-stranded to single-stranded.
C.
one daughter cellis substantially reduced in size compared to the parent cell.
D.
the chemical reactions of oxidation and reduction take place.
Question #25
What structure forms from the remnants of the follicle following ovulation?
A.
Corona radiata
B.
Corpus luteum
C.
Zona pellucida
D.
Antrum
E.
Corpus albicans
Question #26
When comparing gamete production in males and females, males produce
A.
more gametes that are larger in size.
B.
more gametes that are smaller in size.
C.
fewer gametes that are smaller in size.
D.
fewer gametes that are larger in size.
Question #27
How many secondary oocytes ultimately develop from each primary oocyte?
A.
2
B.
3
C.
4
D.
5
E.
1
Question #28
Which is not part of the vulva?
A.
Labia minora
B.
Mons pubis
C.
Vagina
D.
Clitoris
E.
Labia majora
Question #29
What is the correct order for the segments of the uterine tube, beginning at the ovary?
A.
Uterine part - infundibulum - ampulla - isthmus
B.
Uterine part - isthmus - ampulla - infundibulum
C.
Ampulla - infundibulum - uterine part - isthmus
D.
Infundibulum - ampulla - isthmus - uterine part
E.
Infundibulum - isthmus - ampulla - uterine part
Question #30
The corpora cavernosa extend within the glans of the penis.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #31
The external os is the
A.
opening of the cervix into the vagina.
B.
uterine tube attachment site.
C.
inferior portionof the central cavity.
D.
bone that supports the uterus during pregnancy.
E.
primary suspensory ligament for the uterus.
Question #32
An erection is the result of parasympathetic innervation, and ejaculation is the result of sympathetic innervation.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #33
During the resolution phase, the central artery of the penis decreases in diameter.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #34
Human somatic cells contain only one pair of
A.
homologous chromosomes.
B.
sex chromosomes.
C.
chromosomes.
D.
autosomes.
Question #35
During female sexual excitement, the mammary glands, clitoris, and labia become engorged with blood.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #36
The stages that appear during spermatogenesis are a: spermatid b: primary spermatocyte c: spermatogonium d: spermatozoon e: secondary spermatocyte What is the correct order of appearance of these stages?
A.
c, b, e, a, d
B.
a, c, b, e, d
C.
c, e, d, a, b
D.
b, e, c, d, a
Question #37
A.
polyploid.
B.
diploid.
C.
haploid.
D.
monoid.
Question #38
Mitosis involves crossing over and the production of haploid daughter cells.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #39
The corpus luteum secretes progesterone and estrogen.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #40
The testes are the male gametes.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #41
Estrogen levels rise during the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle, and estrogen assists with the development of the dominant follicle.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #42
The ridge that is visible externally along the midline of the scrotum is called the
A.
raphe.
B.
scrotal cord.
C.
tunica albuginea.
D.
septum.
E.
perineum.
Question #43
The daughter cells that result from meiosis I are
A.
diploid and contain double-stranded chromosomes.
B.
haploid and contain double-stranded chromosomes.
C.
haploid and contain single-stranded chromosomes.
D.
diploid and contain single-stranded chromosomes.
Question #44
Which type of ovarian follicle contains a secondary oocyte?
A.
Mature follicle
B.
Secondary follicle
C.
Primordial follicle
D.
Primary follicle
E.
Polar follicle
Question #45
Menarche is
A.
the final phase of the uterine cycle.
B.
marked by a dramatic decline in androgen secretion.
C.
the first four days of menstruation.
D.
the stage immediately preceding menopause.
E.
a female’s first menstrual cycle.
Question #46
The normal site of fertilization is the
A.
ampulla of the uterine tube.
B.
vagina.
C.
uterine part of the uterine tube.
D.
fundus of the uterus.
E.
body of th euterus.
Question #47
The hymen is located
A.
at the cervix.
B.
at the superior end of the vagina.
C.
near the fundus of the uterus.
D.
at the external urethral sphincter.
E.
near the vaginal orifice.
Question #48
Which does not provide structural support for the uterus?
A.
Uterine ligament
B.
Round ligament
C.
Urogenital diaphragm
D.
Uterosacral ligament
E.
Transverse cervical ligament
Question #49
Ovulation typically occurs on day 14 of the ovarian cycle, and the luteal phase occurs on days
A.
1–5.
B.
6–14.
C.
15–28.
D.
8–18.
Question #50
The ejaculatory duct is formed by the
A.
ampulla and the prostatic urethra.
B.
ampulla and the distal portions of the bulbourethral glands.
C.
ampulla and the proximal portion of the seminal vesicle.
D.
ductus deferens and the ducts of the prostate gland and bulbourethral glands.
E.
ductus deferens and the ducts of the prostate gland.
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