Biology 2060 - Anatomy and Physiology II » Summer 2021 » Lecture Exam 4
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Question #1
Both the proximal convoluted tubule and the distal convoluted tubule reside in the cortex of the kidney.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #2
What is the value of transitional epithelium in the urinary system?
A.
It allows distension.
B.
Its cilia help propel the urine.
C.
It can contract to produce peristalsis.
D.
It provides cushioning.
E.
It protects against trauma.
Question #3
What is the correct sequence of organs for the formation and elimination of urine?
A.
Bladder, urethra,kidney, ureter
B.
Kidney, urethra,bladder, ureter
C.
Urethra, bladder, kidney, ureter
D.
Kidney, ureter,bladder, urethra
E.
Kidney, bladder,ureter, urethra
Question #4
The hormone atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)causes an increase in GFR.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #5
Increases in NFP result in increases in GFR.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #6
In response to low blood ________, the kidneys secrete __________.
A.
calcium; renin
B.
potassium; erythropoietin
C.
sodium; calcitriol
D.
oxygen; erythropoietin
E.
glucose; calcitriol
Question #7
Which of the following choices lists structures in the order in which urine flows through them?
A.
Major pelvis, minor calyx, renal pelvis
B.
Major calyx, minor calyx, renal pelvis
C.
Major calyx, renal pelvis, minor calyx
D.
Minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis
E.
Renal pelvis, major calyx, minor pelvis
Question #8
Fluid contained within a minor calyx is called urine.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #9
The capillaries of the glomerulus differ from most other capillary networks in the body because they
A.
contain no endothelium.
B.
secrete mucus.
C.
drain into an arteriole instead of a venule.
D.
carry only deoxygenated blood.
E.
absorb nutrients from the glomerular capsule.
Question #10
The proximal convoluted tubule is lined with a
A.
simple columnar epithelium with a slick smooth surface.
B.
stratified squamous epithelium with a tough, durable surface.
C.
stratified squamous epithelium with a large surface area.
D.
cuboidal epithelium with a large surface area.
E.
simple squamous endothelium that makes a slick surface.
Question #11
The renal corpuscle is located within the
A.
renal medulla.
B.
collecting duct.
C.
renal cortex.
D.
renal pelvis.
Question #12
The counter current multiplier is a negative feedback mechanism.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #13
Podocytes are cells with foot-like processes called pedicels. Podocytes are found in the
A.
endothelium of the glomerulus.
B.
periphery of the distal convoluted tubule.
C.
visceral layer of the glomerular capsule.
D.
basement membrane of the glomerulus.
Question #14
Stimulation of granular cells by the sympathetic nervous system causes them to
A.
increase endocytosis.
B.
relax.
C.
release calcitriol.
D.
contract.
Question #15
The nephron loop makes a hairpin turn within the ________ and its ________ limb ends at the distal convoluted tubule.
A.
cortex; ascending
B.
medulla; ascending
C.
medulla; descending
D.
cortex; descending
Question #16
The tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism responds to an increase in
A.
systemic blood pressure by signaling for a decrease in heart rate through blood-bornehormones.
B.
NaCl concentration in tubular fluid by signaling for afferent arteriole constriction with local chemical messengers.
C.
urine productionby signaling for a decrease in urine production through the hormone ADH.
D.
glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure by signaling for afferent arterioles to constrict and increase filtration rate.
Question #17
Generally, most water reabsorption in a nephron occurs at the
A.
proximal convoluted tubule and is called facultativewater reabsorption.
B.
nephron loop and is called facultative water reabsorption.
C.
proximal convoluted tubuleand is called obligatory water reabsorption.
D.
nephron loop andis called obligatory water reabsorption.
Question #18
Peptides such as angiotensin are reabsorbed by means of phagocytosis by tubule wall cells.The peptide is then transported back to the blood as a functional molecule.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #19
The presence of proteins in the plasma tends to
A.
draw fluid back into the glomerulus.
B.
push fluid across the filtration membrane.
Question #20
Sympathetic fibers inhibit micturition.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #21
The acrosome cap contains
A.
testosterone.
B.
buffers to neutralize the acidity of the female reproductive tract.
C.
mitochondria to provide energy for movement.
D.
nutrients to sustain the sperm.
E.
enzymes to allow penetration into the oocyte.
Question #22
Movement of the oocyte along the uterine tube is due to peristalsis and ciliary action.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #23
The process by which double-stranded, homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material is known as
A.
interphase, and it occurs in mitosis.
B.
crossing over, and it occurs in interphase.
C.
crossing over, and it occurs in mitosis.
D.
interphase, and it occurs in meiosis.
E.
crossing over, and it occurs in meiosis.
Question #24
A reduction division is one in which
A.
the size of chromosomes is reduced from double-stranded to single-stranded.
B.
the chemical reactions of oxidation and reduction take place.
C.
one daughter cellis substantially reduced in size compared to the parent cell.
D.
the daughter cells receive only half as many chromosomes as the parent cell had.
Question #25
What structure forms from the remnants of the follicle following ovulation?
A.
Corona radiata
B.
Corpus luteum
C.
Antrum
D.
Corpus albicans
E.
Zona pellucida
Question #26
When comparing gamete production in males and females, males produce
A.
fewer gametes that are larger in size.
B.
fewer gametes that are smaller in size.
C.
more gametes that are larger in size.
D.
more gametes that are smaller in size.
Question #27
How many secondary oocytes ultimately develop from each primary oocyte?
A.
4
B.
2
C.
5
D.
3
E.
1
Question #28
Which is not part of the vulva?
A.
Mons pubis
B.
Vagina
C.
Labia majora
D.
Clitoris
E.
Labia minora
Question #29
What is the correct order for the segments of the uterine tube, beginning at the ovary?
A.
Uterine part - isthmus - ampulla - infundibulum
B.
Infundibulum - isthmus - ampulla - uterine part
C.
Uterine part - infundibulum - ampulla - isthmus
D.
Ampulla - infundibulum - uterine part - isthmus
E.
Infundibulum - ampulla - isthmus - uterine part
Question #30
The corpora cavernosa extend within the glans of the penis.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #31
The external os is the
A.
uterine tube attachment site.
B.
opening of the cervix into the vagina.
C.
primary suspensory ligament for the uterus.
D.
bone that supports the uterus during pregnancy.
E.
inferior portionof the central cavity.
Question #32
An erection is the result of parasympathetic innervation, and ejaculation is the result of sympathetic innervation.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #33
During the resolution phase, the central artery of the penis decreases in diameter.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #34
Human somatic cells contain only one pair of
A.
homologous chromosomes.
B.
chromosomes.
C.
sex chromosomes.
D.
autosomes.
Question #35
During female sexual excitement, the mammary glands, clitoris, and labia become engorged with blood.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #36
The stages that appear during spermatogenesis are a: spermatid b: primary spermatocyte c: spermatogonium d: spermatozoon e: secondary spermatocyte What is the correct order of appearance of these stages?
A.
c, b, e, a, d
B.
b, e, c, d, a
C.
a, c, b, e, d
D.
c, e, d, a, b
Question #37
A cell that contains 23 pairs of chromosomes is
A.
monoid.
B.
haploid.
C.
polyploid.
D.
diploid.
Question #38
Mitosis involves crossing over and the production of haploid daughter cells.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #39
The corpus luteum secretes progesterone and estrogen.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #40
The testes are the male gametes.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #41
Estrogen levels rise during the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle, and estrogen assists with the development of the dominant follicle.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #42
The ridge that is visible externally along the midline of the scrotum is called the
A.
raphe.
B.
perineum.
C.
tunica albuginea.
D.
septum.
E.
scrotal cord.
Question #43
The daughter cells that result from meiosis I are
A.
diploid and contain single-stranded chromosomes.
B.
haploid and contain double-stranded chromosomes.
C.
diploid and contain double-stranded chromosomes.
D.
haploid and contain single-stranded chromosomes.
Question #44
Which type of ovarian follicle contains a secondary oocyte?
A.
Polar follicle
B.
Primary follicle
C.
Primordial follicle
D.
Secondary follicle
E.
Mature follicle
Question #45
Menarche is
A.
the first four days of menstruation.
B.
marked by a dramatic decline in androgen secretion.
C.
a female’s first menstrual cycle.
D.
the final phase of the uterine cycle.
E.
the stage immediately preceding menopause.
Question #46
A.
uterine part of the uterine tube.
B.
fundus of the uterus.
C.
body of th euterus.
D.
ampulla of the uterine tube.
E.
vagina.
Question #47
The hymen is located
A.
near the fundus of the uterus.
B.
at the cervix.
C.
at the external urethral sphincter.
D.
near the vaginal orifice.
E.
at the superior end of the vagina.
Question #48
Which does not provide structural support for the uterus?
A.
Uterosacral ligament
B.
Round ligament
C.
Uterine ligament
D.
Urogenital diaphragm
E.
Transverse cervical ligament
Question #49
Ovulation typically occurs on day 14 of the ovarian cycle, and the luteal phase occurs on days
A.
6–14.
B.
1–5.
C.
15–28.
D.
8–18.
Question #50
The ejaculatory duct is formed by the
A.
ampulla and the proximal portion of the seminal vesicle.
B.
ampulla and the prostatic urethra.
C.
ductus deferens and the ducts of the prostate gland.
D.
ductus deferens and the ducts of the prostate gland and bulbourethral glands.
E.
ampulla and the distal portions of the bulbourethral glands.
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