Biology 2060 - Anatomy and Physiology II » Summer 2021 » Lecture Exam 4 (1)
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Question #1
Production of new primary oocytes by mitosis continues throughout a woman’s life.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #2
The corpus luteum secretes the hormones estrogen and progesterone.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #3
A reduction division is one in which
A.
the chemical reactions of oxidation and reduction take place.
B.
the daughter cells receive only half as many chromosomes as the parent cell had.
C.
one daughter cellis substantially reduced in size compared to the parent cell.
D.
the size of chromosomes is reduced from double-stranded to single-stranded.
Question #4
The male homologue to the labia majora is the
A.
bulbourethralgland.
B.
prostate gland.
C.
testis.
D.
penis.
E.
scrotum
Question #5
Which of the following is a thin layer of smooth muscle just beneath the skin of the scrotum?
A.
Inguinal muscle
B.
Tunica vaginalis
C.
Dartos muscle
D.
Cremaster
E.
Raphe
Question #6
Which choice best distinguishes between mitosis and meiosis?
A.
Mitosis produces sex cells that are genetically different from the parent cell, where as meiosis produces somatic cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell.
B.
Mitosis produces somatic cells that are genetically different fromthe parent cell, where as meiosis produces sex cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell.
C.
Mitosis produces sex cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell, whereas meiosis produces somatic cells that are genetically different from the parent cell.
D.
Mitosis produces somatic cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell, where as meiosis produces sex cells that are genetically different from the parent cell.
Question #7
The ejaculatory duct is formed by the
A.
ductus deferens and the ducts of the prostate gland.
B.
ampulla and the proximal portion of the seminal vesicle.
C.
ductus deferens and the ducts of the prostate gland and bulbourethral glands.
D.
ampulla and the distal portions of the bulbourethral glands.
E.
ampulla and the prostatic urethra.
Question #8
A cell that contains 23 pairs of chromosomes is
A.
monoid.
B.
haploid.
C.
polyploid.
D.
diploid.
Question #9
The final products of the two meiotic divisions are four haploid daughter cells from an original diploid cell.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #10
Which type of ovarian follicle contains a secondary oocyte?
A.
Primary follicle
B.
Primordial follicle
C.
Mature follicle
D.
Polar follicle
E.
Secondary follicle
Question #11
How many secondary oocytes ultimately develop from each primary oocyte?
A.
1
B.
4
C.
3
D.
2
E.
5
Question #12
The changes that occur in a woman’s body at menopause are due to
A.
depletion of oocyte supply.
B.
fluid retention that disrupts the osmotic balance of the body.
C.
increased production of androgens by the adrenal gland.
D.
atrophy of the thermoregulatory center of the hypothalamus.
E.
reduced levels of estrogen and progesterone.
Question #13
The myometrium of the uterus is composed of
A.
fibrous connective tissue.
B.
mucous membrane.
C.
loose connective tissue.
D.
skeletal muscle.
E.
smooth muscle.
Question #14
Mitosis involves crossing over and the production of haploid daughter cells.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #15
Which layer of the uterine wall is sloughed off during menstruation?
A.
Myometrium
B.
Epimetrium
C.
Basal layer of endometrium
D.
Functional layer of endometrium
E.
Perimetrium
Question #16
What is the correct order for the phases of the ovarian cycle, beginning with day 1?
A.
Follicular, ovulation, luteal
B.
Ovulation, follicular, luteal
C.
Follicular, luteal, ovulation
D.
Luteal, follicular, ovulation
E.
Ovulation,luteal, follicular
Question #17
The ___________ nervous system facilitates increased blood flow to the penis by facilitating local release of __________.
A.
sympathetic, norepinephrine
B.
sympathetic,nitric oxide
C.
somatic, acetylcholine
D.
parasympathetic ,nitric oxide
E.
parasympathetic,norepinephrine
Question #18
Progesterone levels are highest during the ________ phase.
A.
menstrual
B.
ovulation
C.
proliferative
D.
luteal
E.
follicular
Question #19
During menopause, the vaginal wall
A.
becomes thinner.
B.
becomes thicker.
Question #20
Which is not true about spermatogenesis?
A.
The process includes two meiotic divisions.
B.
Spermatogenesis begins at birth and continues throughout a man’s life.
C.
The final stage of the process is called spermiogenesis.
D.
Mature spermatozoa are haploid (n=23).
E.
The process takes place in the walls of the seminiferous tubules.
Question #21
Meiosis I is a reduction division.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #22
What is the correct order for the segments of the uterine tube, beginning at the ovary?
A.
Ampulla - infundibulum - uterine part - isthmus
B.
Uterine part - isthmus - ampulla - infundibulum
C.
Infundibulum - ampulla - isthmus - uterine part
D.
Infundibulum - isthmus - ampulla - uterine part
E.
Uterine part - infundibulum - ampulla - isthmus
Question #23
The ridge that is visible externally along the midline of the scrotum is called the
A.
septum.
B.
tunica albuginea.
C.
perineum.
D.
raphe.
E.
scrotal cord.
Question #24
During orgasm, the ductus deferens undergoes
A.
segmentation, and the external urethral sphincter contracts.
B.
segmentation, and the external urethral sphincter becomes engorged with blood.
C.
peristalsis, and the internal urethral sphincter of the bladder contracts.
D.
peristalsis, and the internal urethral sphincter of the bladder relaxes.
Question #25
A secondary oocyte arrests in
A.
metaphase I.
B.
prophase I.
C.
prophase II.
D.
metaphase II.
E.
anaphase II.
Question #26
Which is not correct regarding the ovaries?
A.
The gametes develop from the ovarian germinal epithelium.
B.
Each ovary has anouter cortex and an inner medulla.
C.
The ovaries are located lateral to the uterus.
D.
The ovarian artery and vein join the ovary at its hilum.
E.
The tunica albuginea is deep to the germinal epithelium.
Question #27
The acrosome cap contains
A.
mitochondria to provide energy for movement.
B.
buffers to neutralize the acidity of the female reproductive tract.
C.
nutrients to sustain the sperm.
D.
testosterone.
E.
enzymes to allow penetration into the oocyte.
Question #28
During female sexual excitement, the mammary glands, clitoris, and labia become engorged with blood.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #29
For girls, menarche is usually the first sign that puberty has begun.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #30
Which is not a uterine function?
A.
Passageway for sperm
B.
Site of implantation
C.
Usual site of fertilization
D.
Muscle contraction for labor and delivery
E.
Protection and support of developing embryo
Question #31
The average adult kidney weighs about 100 grams and measures about
A.
12 cm long, 2.5 cmwide, and 8 cm thick.
B.
15 cm long, 10.5 cm wide, and 4.5 cm thick.
C.
8 cm long, 10.5 cm wide, and 2.5 cm thick.
D.
12 cm long, 6.5 cmwide, and 2.5 cm thick.
E.
8 cm long, 4 cmwide, and 1.5 cm thick.
Question #32
Which is not a function of the kidneys?
A.
Regulation of blood pressure
B.
Regulation of lymphocyte production
C.
Regulation of acid-base balance
D.
Regulation of erythrocyte production
E.
Removal of wastes from the blood
Question #33
Someone with a diet that is high in vegetables but low in animal protein is likely to have very active
A.
type A cells, which reabsorb HCO3- and secrete H+.
B.
type A cells, which secrete HCO3- and reabsorb H+.
C.
type B cells, which secrete HCO3- and reabsorb H+.
D.
type B cells, which reabsorb HCO3- and secrete H+.
Question #34
What is the value of transitional epithelium in the urinary system?
A.
It provides cushioning.
B.
It protects against trauma.
C.
It can contract to produce peristalsis.
D.
Its cilia help propel the urine.
E.
It allows distension.
Question #35
If there is an increase in systemic blood pressure, the resulting stretch of afferent arterioles results in reflexive
A.
vasoconstriction of efferent arterioles to raise GFR.
B.
vasodilation of afferent arterioles to keep GFR normal.
C.
vasodilation of efferent arterioles to lower GFR.
D.
vasoconstriction of afferent arterioles to keep GFR normal.
Question #36
The paranephric fat is deep to the fibrous capsule of the kidney.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #37
The tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism responds to an increase in
A.
urine production by signaling for a decrease in urine production through the hormone ADH.
B.
NaCl concentration in tubular fluid by signaling for afferent arteriole constriction with local chemical messengers.
C.
glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure by signaling for afferent arterioles to constrict and increase filtration rate.
D.
systemic blood pressure by signaling for a decrease in heart rate through blood-borne hormones.
Question #38
Which layer is not found in the wall of the urinary bladder?
A.
No exceptions; all layers are found in the wall of the urinary bladder
B.
Adventitia
C.
Mucosa
D.
Submucosa
E.
Muscularis
Question #39
The reabsorption of both sodium and potassium is carefully regulated.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #40
Substances that move through epithelial cells for reabsorption are said to undergo transcellular transport.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #41
Most tubular reabsorption occurs in the
A.
proximal convoluted tubule, where cells have many flagella.
B.
distal convoluted tubule, where cells have many microvilli.
C.
proximal convoluted tubule, where cells have many microvilli.
D.
distal convoluted tubule, where cells have many flagella.
Question #42
During prolonged fasting, the kidneys produce glucose from noncarbohydrate sources.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #43
Which accurately describes the handling of urea by the kidney?
A.
None of the urea that reaches the kidney is excreted in the urine.
B.
All of the urea that reaches the kidney is excreted in the urine.
C.
About half of the urea that is filtered is excreted in the urine.
Question #44
Place the regions of the nephron in the correct order for the process of urine formation. a: Capsular space of glomerulus b: Nephron loop c: Collecting duct d: Distal convoluted tubule e: Proximal convoluted tubule
A.
b, e, c, d, a
B.
a, e, b, d, c
C.
e, d, b, a, c
D.
a, c, b, e, d
Question #45
Immediately before blood enters arterioles of the kidney, it travels through small arteries that project peripherally into the renal cortex. These arteries are the
A.
segmental arteries.
B.
lobar arteries.
C.
arcuate arteries.
D.
interlobular arteries.
E.
peritubular arteries.
Question #46
Nutrients such as glucose and amino acids within the tubular fluid
A.
have a little less than half of their tubular fluid concentration reabsorbed.
B.
have concentrations in the filtrate and urine that match their transport maximum.
C.
are completely reabsorbed.
D.
are completely secreted.
E.
have half of their plasma concentration secreted.
Question #47
Which of the following choiceslists structures in the order in which urine flows through them?
A.
Major calyx, minor calyx, renal pelvis
B.
Major pelvis, minor calyx, renal pelvis
C.
Renal pelvis, major calyx, minor pelvis
D.
Major calyx, renal pelvis, minor calyx
E.
Minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis
Question #48
How are the processes of reabsorption and secretion related?
A.
Materials move in opposite directions: secretion moves materials into the blood, whereas reabsorption removes them from the blood.
B.
They both involve movement of material from the tubular fluid into the blood.
C.
They both involve movement of material from the blood into the tubular fluid.
D.
Materials move in opposite directions: reabsorption moves materials into the blood, whereas secretion removes them from the blood.
Question #49
The kidneys are located ___________ the peritoneum.
A.
posterior to
B.
anterior to
C.
within
Question #50
What is the correct sequence of organs for the formation and elimination of urine?
A.
Bladder, urethra,kidney, ureter
B.
Kidney, bladder,ureter, urethra
C.
Kidney, ureter,bladder, urethra
D.
Kidney, urethra,bladder, ureter
E.
Urethra, bladder, kidney, ureter
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