Biology 2060 - Anatomy and Physiology II » Summer 2021 » Lecture Exam 4 (1)
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Question #1
Production of new primary oocytes by mitosis continues throughout a woman’s life.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #2
The corpus luteum secretes the hormones estrogen and progesterone.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #3
A reduction division is one in which
A.
one daughter cellis substantially reduced in size compared to the parent cell.
B.
the size of chromosomes is reduced from double-stranded to single-stranded.
C.
the chemical reactions of oxidation and reduction take place.
D.
the daughter cells receive only half as many chromosomes as the parent cell had.
Question #4
The male homologue to the labia majora is the
A.
bulbourethralgland.
B.
testis.
C.
prostate gland.
D.
penis.
E.
scrotum
Question #5
Which of the following is a thin layer of smooth muscle just beneath the skin of the scrotum?
A.
Raphe
B.
Cremaster
C.
Tunica vaginalis
D.
Inguinal muscle
E.
Dartos muscle
Question #6
Which choice best distinguishes between mitosis and meiosis?
A.
Mitosis produces sex cells that are genetically different from the parent cell, where as meiosis produces somatic cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell.
B.
Mitosis produces somatic cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell, where as meiosis produces sex cells that are genetically different from the parent cell.
C.
Mitosis produces sex cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell, whereas meiosis produces somatic cells that are genetically different from the parent cell.
D.
Mitosis produces somatic cells that are genetically different fromthe parent cell, where as meiosis produces sex cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell.
Question #7
The ejaculatory duct is formed by the
A.
ampulla and the distal portions of the bulbourethral glands.
B.
ampulla and the prostatic urethra.
C.
ductus deferens and the ducts of the prostate gland and bulbourethral glands.
D.
ampulla and the proximal portion of the seminal vesicle.
E.
ductus deferens and the ducts of the prostate gland.
Question #8
A cell that contains 23 pairs of chromosomes is
A.
diploid.
B.
monoid.
C.
haploid.
D.
polyploid.
Question #9
The final products of the two meiotic divisions are four haploid daughter cells from an original diploid cell.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #10
Which type of ovarian follicle contains a secondary oocyte?
A.
Mature follicle
B.
Primordial follicle
C.
Primary follicle
D.
Secondary follicle
E.
Polar follicle
Question #11
How many secondary oocytes ultimately develop from each primary oocyte?
A.
1
B.
2
C.
3
D.
5
E.
4
Question #12
The changes that occur in a woman’s body at menopause are due to
A.
increased production of androgens by the adrenal gland.
B.
fluid retention that disrupts the osmotic balance of the body.
C.
atrophy of the thermoregulatory center of the hypothalamus.
D.
depletion of oocyte supply.
E.
reduced levels of estrogen and progesterone.
Question #13
The myometrium of the uterus is composed of
A.
loose connective tissue.
B.
mucous membrane.
C.
skeletal muscle.
D.
smooth muscle.
E.
fibrous connective tissue.
Question #14
Mitosis involves crossing over and the production of haploid daughter cells.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #15
Which layer of the uterine wall is sloughed off during menstruation?
A.
Basal layer of endometrium
B.
Epimetrium
C.
Myometrium
D.
Perimetrium
E.
Functional layer of endometrium
Question #16
What is the correct order for the phases of the ovarian cycle, beginning with day 1?
A.
Luteal, follicular, ovulation
B.
Follicular, luteal, ovulation
C.
Ovulation,luteal, follicular
D.
Follicular, ovulation, luteal
E.
Ovulation, follicular, luteal
Question #17
The ___________ nervous system facilitates increased blood flow to the penis by facilitating local release of __________.
A.
somatic, acetylcholine
B.
sympathetic,nitric oxide
C.
sympathetic, norepinephrine
D.
parasympathetic,norepinephrine
E.
parasympathetic ,nitric oxide
Question #18
Progesterone levels are highest during the ________ phase.
A.
ovulation
B.
follicular
C.
menstrual
D.
proliferative
E.
luteal
Question #19
During menopause, the vaginal wall
A.
becomes thicker.
B.
becomes thinner.
Question #20
Which is not true about spermatogenesis?
A.
The final stage of the process is called spermiogenesis.
B.
The process takes place in the walls of the seminiferous tubules.
C.
Spermatogenesis begins at birth and continues throughout a man’s life.
D.
The process includes two meiotic divisions.
E.
Mature spermatozoa are haploid (n=23).
Question #21
Meiosis I is a reduction division.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #22
What is the correct order for the segments of the uterine tube, beginning at the ovary?
A.
Uterine part - isthmus - ampulla - infundibulum
B.
Infundibulum - ampulla - isthmus - uterine part
C.
Uterine part - infundibulum - ampulla - isthmus
D.
Infundibulum - isthmus - ampulla - uterine part
E.
Ampulla - infundibulum - uterine part - isthmus
Question #23
The ridge that is visible externally along the midline of the scrotum is called the
A.
septum.
B.
tunica albuginea.
C.
scrotal cord.
D.
raphe.
E.
perineum.
Question #24
During orgasm, the ductus deferens undergoes
A.
peristalsis, and the internal urethral sphincter of the bladder relaxes.
B.
segmentation, and the external urethral sphincter contracts.
C.
segmentation, and the external urethral sphincter becomes engorged with blood.
D.
peristalsis, and the internal urethral sphincter of the bladder contracts.
Question #25
A secondary oocyte arrests in
A.
prophase II.
B.
metaphase II.
C.
metaphase I.
D.
prophase I.
E.
anaphase II.
Question #26
Which is not correct regarding the ovaries?
A.
The ovarian artery and vein join the ovary at its hilum.
B.
The tunica albuginea is deep to the germinal epithelium.
C.
The ovaries are located lateral to the uterus.
D.
Each ovary has anouter cortex and an inner medulla.
E.
The gametes develop from the ovarian germinal epithelium.
Question #27
The acrosome cap contains
A.
mitochondria to provide energy for movement.
B.
nutrients to sustain the sperm.
C.
enzymes to allow penetration into the oocyte.
D.
testosterone.
E.
buffers to neutralize the acidity of the female reproductive tract.
Question #28
During female sexual excitement, the mammary glands, clitoris, and labia become engorged with blood.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #29
For girls, menarche is usually the first sign that puberty has begun.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #30
Which is not a uterine function?
A.
Site of implantation
B.
Muscle contraction for labor and delivery
C.
Passageway for sperm
D.
Protection and support of developing embryo
E.
Usual site of fertilization
Question #31
The average adult kidney weighs about 100 grams and measures about
A.
8 cm long, 10.5 cm wide, and 2.5 cm thick.
B.
8 cm long, 4 cmwide, and 1.5 cm thick.
C.
12 cm long, 2.5 cmwide, and 8 cm thick.
D.
12 cm long, 6.5 cmwide, and 2.5 cm thick.
E.
15 cm long, 10.5 cm wide, and 4.5 cm thick.
Question #32
Which is not a function of the kidneys?
A.
Regulation of acid-base balance
B.
Regulation of erythrocyte production
C.
Removal of wastes from the blood
D.
Regulation of blood pressure
E.
Regulation of lymphocyte production
Question #33
Someone with a diet that is high in vegetables but low in animal protein is likely to have very active
A.
type B cells, which reabsorb HCO3- and secrete H+.
B.
type A cells, which reabsorb HCO3- and secrete H+.
C.
type B cells, which secrete HCO3- and reabsorb H+.
D.
type A cells, which secrete HCO3- and reabsorb H+.
Question #34
What is the value of transitional epithelium in the urinary system?
A.
It protects against trauma.
B.
It can contract to produce peristalsis.
C.
Its cilia help propel the urine.
D.
It allows distension.
E.
It provides cushioning.
Question #35
If there is an increase in systemic blood pressure, the resulting stretch of afferent arterioles results in reflexive
A.
vasoconstriction of afferent arterioles to keep GFR normal.
B.
vasodilation of afferent arterioles to keep GFR normal.
C.
vasoconstriction of efferent arterioles to raise GFR.
D.
vasodilation of efferent arterioles to lower GFR.
Question #36
The paranephric fat is deep to the fibrous capsule of the kidney.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #37
The tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism responds to an increase in
A.
urine production by signaling for a decrease in urine production through the hormone ADH.
B.
systemic blood pressure by signaling for a decrease in heart rate through blood-borne hormones.
C.
glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure by signaling for afferent arterioles to constrict and increase filtration rate.
D.
NaCl concentration in tubular fluid by signaling for afferent arteriole constriction with local chemical messengers.
Question #38
Which layer is not found in the wall of the urinary bladder?
A.
Adventitia
B.
Mucosa
C.
Muscularis
D.
Submucosa
E.
No exceptions; all layers are found in the wall of the urinary bladder
Question #39
The reabsorption of both sodium and potassium is carefully regulated.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #40
Substances that move through epithelial cells for reabsorption are said to undergo transcellular transport.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #41
Most tubular reabsorption occurs in the
A.
distal convoluted tubule, where cells have many microvilli.
B.
proximal convoluted tubule, where cells have many flagella.
C.
distal convoluted tubule, where cells have many flagella.
D.
proximal convoluted tubule, where cells have many microvilli.
Question #42
During prolonged fasting, the kidneys produce glucose from noncarbohydrate sources.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #43
Which accurately describes the handling of urea by the kidney?
A.
None of the urea that reaches the kidney is excreted in the urine.
B.
About half of the urea that is filtered is excreted in the urine.
C.
All of the urea that reaches the kidney is excreted in the urine.
Question #44
Place the regions of the nephron in the correct order for the process of urine formation. a: Capsular space of glomerulus b: Nephron loop c: Collecting duct d: Distal convoluted tubule e: Proximal convoluted tubule
A.
b, e, c, d, a
B.
e, d, b, a, c
C.
a, c, b, e, d
D.
a, e, b, d, c
Question #45
Immediately before blood enters arterioles of the kidney, it travels through small arteries that project peripherally into the renal cortex. These arteries are the
A.
arcuate arteries.
B.
interlobular arteries.
C.
peritubular arteries.
D.
lobar arteries.
E.
segmental arteries.
Question #46
A.
have concentrations in the filtrate and urine that match their transport maximum.
B.
are completely reabsorbed.
C.
are completely secreted.
D.
have half of their plasma concentration secreted.
E.
have a little less than half of their tubular fluid concentration reabsorbed.
Question #47
Which of the following choiceslists structures in the order in which urine flows through them?
A.
Renal pelvis, major calyx, minor pelvis
B.
Major pelvis, minor calyx, renal pelvis
C.
Minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis
D.
Major calyx, minor calyx, renal pelvis
E.
Major calyx, renal pelvis, minor calyx
Question #48
How are the processes of reabsorption and secretion related?
A.
Materials move in opposite directions: secretion moves materials into the blood, whereas reabsorption removes them from the blood.
B.
They both involve movement of material from the blood into the tubular fluid.
C.
They both involve movement of material from the tubular fluid into the blood.
D.
Materials move in opposite directions: reabsorption moves materials into the blood, whereas secretion removes them from the blood.
Question #49
The kidneys are located ___________ the peritoneum.
A.
posterior to
B.
anterior to
C.
within
Question #50
What is the correct sequence of organs for the formation and elimination of urine?
A.
Kidney, urethra,bladder, ureter
B.
Kidney, ureter,bladder, urethra
C.
Bladder, urethra,kidney, ureter
D.
Kidney, bladder,ureter, urethra
E.
Urethra, bladder, kidney, ureter
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