Psychology 106 - Developmental Psychology » Summer 2021 » Module 6 Exam

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Question #1
From a meta-analysis, young people from their early teens to their late 20s agreed that the most important markers of the transition to adulthood are ____.
A.   making independent decisions, living independently, and being emotionally stable
B.   possessing cognitive with-it-ness, accepting responsibility for oneself, and living independently
C.   accepting responsibility for oneself, making independent decisions, and becoming financially independent
D.   becoming emotionally stable, possessing behavioral control, and having cognitive maturity
Question #2
Anthropologists have found that in virtually all traditional, non-Western cultures, the transition to adulthood is clearly and explicitly marked by ____.
A.   completing secondary education
B.   leaving the parental household
C.   marriage
D.   the birth of first child
Question #3
Which of the following is why the skin becomes looser and why muscle mass decreases during young adulthood and beyond?
A.   there is a substantial decrease in iron
B.   there is an increase in the production of vitamin D
C.   there is a decrease in growth hormones
D.   there is an increase in white blood cells
Question #4
During young adulthood the heart muscle starts to become ____, but this is not noticeable except during times of ____.
A.   more rigid; deep relaxation
B.   more pliable; deep relaxation
C.   more pliable; intense physical activity
D.   more rigid; intense physical activity
Question #5
During young adulthood the immune system experiences a decrease in effectiveness because ____
A.   the production of white blood cells and red blood cells increase
B.   the production of melatonin and vitamin D decreases
C.   the production of T cells and B cells declines
D.   the speed of the central nervous system and the frontal lobe decreases
Question #6
George is a young adult with a BMI of 32. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, George would be classified as ____.
A.   overweight
B.   underweight
C.   obese
D.   average in weight
Question #7
Your friend, who is 29 years old, has steadily gained weight since graduating from high school. What would be the best advice you could give her with regard to losing weight?
A.   Due to increased BMR, she will need to do very little to lose weight. She just needs to stop overeating.
B.   Due to decreased BMR, she will need to eat less.
C.   Due to increased BMR, she will need to begin exercising and/or eating more.
D.   Due to decreased BMR, she will need to begin exercising and/or eating less.
Question #8
Which the following are commonly known problems associated with obesity in young adulthood?
A.   nearsightedness, tachycardia, hypotension, and cardiac arrhythmias
B.   high blood pressure, diabetes, sleep disorders, and digestive problems
C.   eczema, allergies, influenza, and psoriasis
D.   hypersomnia, low blood pressure, a rapid heart rate, and jaundice
Question #9
Aerobic exercise is best described as exercise that ____.
A.   triggers a fight or flight response within one minute
B.   is conducted with a group of people to rhythmic music
C.   triggers a substantial elevation in heart rate for at least 30 minutes
D.   feels good and has a calming effect that occurs within 30 seconds
Question #10
Your best friend who has a very high IQ just began a new job that seems to be a perfect fit for her. However, she has been stressed about how she will perform. What could you tell her?
A.   She has good reason to be worried. People in the highest 10% of IQ are usually made fun of by other employees for being "nerds."
B.   There is no relationship between IQ and career success. She will just need to work very hard.
C.   She is likely to succeed. Research has found that people in the highest 25% in IQ will do well in their careers.
D.   She should be nervous, high IQ employees generally have very high turnover.
Question #11
Which of the following are two aspects of cognitive development that occur during young adulthood?
A.   reversibility and personal fables
B.   decentration and the conception of false beliefs
C.   the acquisition of expertise and creativity
D.   egocentrism and an imaginary audience
Question #12
As compared to novices, experts tend to be ____.
A.   more patient and meticulous at problem solving
B.   more laid back and engage in greater degree of social loafing
C.   quicker and more efficient in solving problems
D.   consciousness and diligent in problem solving
Question #13
The maturity of what brain area promotes the kind of focused attention and goal-directed behavior that leads to expertise?
A.   occipital cortex
B.   auditory cortex
C.   frontal cortex
D.   parietal cortex
Question #14
Which of the following best describes Erik Erikson's notion of intimacy?
A.   when an individual becomes cognizant of their private and public selves, blends them, and creates a shared self to present to another person within a relationship
B.   when the ego works in conjunction with the superego to satisfy the desires of the id in a socially acceptable way
C.   when an individual develops the skills necessary for a relationship by modeling it after what he or she has observed from the environment
D.   the uniting one's newly formed identity with another person in an enduring, committed intimate relationship
Question #15
Healthy intimacy means having a strong enough identity to become emotionally close to someone ____.
A.   while emerging oneself into the relationship
B.   without submerging oneself into the relationship
C.   while totally losing oneself in total devotion to the other person
D.   without sacrificing or compromising in any way
Question #16
From the triangular theory of love, ____ involves physical attraction and sexual desire, whereas ____ is a feeling of closeness and emotional attachment.
A.   passion; commitment
B.   passion; intimacy
C.   intimacy; passion
D.   commitment; intimacy
Question #17
What type of love involves commitment alone without passion or intimacy and applies to a couple who have been married for many years, and who have lost the passion and intimacy in their relationship, but remain together?
A.   romantic love
B.   infatuation
C.   empty love
D.   friendship
Question #18
What type of love combines intimacy and commitment, but without passion? This type of love also applies to unusually close friendships as well as close family relationships.
A.   companionate love
B.   fatuous love
C.   romantic love
D.   consummate love
Question #19
Research has shown that while it is clear that both males and females prize ____, men prize it more highly than women. In contrast, women are more likely to be attracted to ____.
A.   physical attractiveness; ambition and financial success
B.   ambition and financial; physical attractiveness
C.   overall personality; a strong sense of humor
D.   a strong sense of humor; overall personality
Question #20
Which of the following are factors related to marital satisfaction?
A.   high job satisfaction, an easy temperament, high emotional stability, and good coping skills
B.   shared responsibilities, high emotional literacy, high cognitive stability, and temperament
C.   emotional literacy, financial stability, cognitive ability, and attachment style
D.   realistic expectations, shared interests, shared roles and responsibilities, and shared power
Question #21
As compared to the gender roles in many traditional cultures, the gender roles in many developed countries are ____.
A.   less lateralized and more bipolar
B.   more finite and rigid
C.   more unilateral and less polarized
D.   less sharply defined
Question #22
Eden is from a relatively low SES family that does not highly value education. She recently dropped out of high school and is now she is pregnant. Her mother is upset that Eden expects she will be raising her baby as a single mother. Is this a very common occurrence in single women who have low educational attainment?
A.   very uncommon, only 6% of babies born to the least-educated mothers are born to single mothers
B.   common, 54% of babies born to the least-educated mothers are born to single mothers
C.   relatively common, 34% of babies born to the least-educated mothers are born to single mothers
D.   uncommon, only 14% of babies born to the least-educated mothers are born to single mothers
Question #23
You have noticed that whenever you and your mother are at a bookstore, she needs to hold the book that she is reading about an arm's length away from her face. Is she just trying to embarrass you?
A.   No, she needs to get reading glasses.
B.   Yes, although there are minor visual changes, she is obviously just playing them up.
C.   No, she probably has macular degeneration and needs to see an ophthalmologist.
D.   Yes, middle adults have really good vision.
Question #24
Your mother has exercised regularly throughout her entire life. She is very fit, and she has never smoked. Relative to most women, when is menopause likely to occur for her?
A.   later than most women
B.   Exercise has no affect on menopause.
C.   Women who exercise generally do not menstruate.
D.   earlier than most women
Question #25
Your mother has been experiencing some of the symptoms of menopause and has been asking her mother about her own experiences with menopause, specifically, when it stopped. Although you are a woman who is still in her early 20s, why is this information important for you and your mother alike?
A.   just for information
B.   Menopause is completely different for each person and there is no genetic or environmental influence.
C.   The end of menopause has a lot to do with generational attitudes.
D.   The beginning and end of menopause is influenced by genetics.
Question #26
Your aunt is beginning menopause and was discussing her feelings about it with you. She was wondering if you knew of anything "natural" that might help relieve her symptoms. What is one thing that might help?
A.   eating soybean-based foods
B.   drinking large amounts of caffeine
C.   taking daily naps in the afternoon
D.   living in a very warm climate
Question #27
Your 45-year-old neighbor knows that you are taking a developmental course. She is experiencing some severe symptoms of menopause and was interested in your thoughts on hormone replacement therapy. What would you tell her? HRT is ____.
A.   not effective and carries many potential side effects
B.   not effective, but there are no severe risks
C.   effective and completely safe
D.   effective, but there are serious potential side effects
Question #28
Your father, who is 45 years old, has recently been discussing the desire to father another child. He is worried that he will not able to do so even though he and your mother are strongly considering it. What would you tell him regarding his ability to father another child? He should
A.   he should have a fertility check since most males have little to no sperm at age 45 years
B.   give up on the idea, his sperm count is probably too low
C.   think carefully about fathering a child; the child has no chance of being born healthy
D.   probably get started, sperm quality and mobility begin to decline at his age
Question #29
Eighty percent of people who are diagnosed with osteoporosis are women. The simple explanation for this phenomenon is ____.
A.   During menopause women lose estrogen and this puts women at a greater risk for the development of osteoporosis.
B.   Women have two X chromosomes and it's known that an inoculating factor for the development of osteoporosis is the Y chromosome.
C.   Men have higher levels of testosterone and higher levels of testosterone to combat the development of osteoporosis.
D.   Women often live a lifestyle that puts them at greater risk for the development of osteoporosis as compared to men.
Question #30
Ed is a middle-aged male who is a high-risk candidate for coronary heart disease. Which of the following are recommendations to help Ed lower his risk?
A.   establish a healthy diet, increase exercise, and quit smoking
B.   start a multivitamin regimen, decrease stress, and limit the consumption of high fructose corn syrup
C.   get more sleep, get more sun, and get more potassium
D.   increase calcium, folic acid and B12, but decrease iron
Question #31
Your grandmother is a 56-year-old smoker and just read an article discussing osteoporosis. The article did not really cover much, just stated that the likelihood of osteoporosis increases with age. What would you say to her about her risk factor? She should ____.
A.   not worry about osteoporosis, you are sure that she will not have trouble
B.   drink a lot of milk
C.   start an exercise routine
D.   get yearly bone density checks and quit smoking!
Question #32
Ralph was given good news and bad news by his physician. The bad news is that he has cancer; the good news is that the survival rate for the type of cancer that he has is above 85%. Which of the following types of cancer does Ralph most likely have?
A.   throat or rectal
B.   kidney or lung
C.   prostate or skin
D.   pancreas or liver
Question #33
Your 46-year-old neighbor just learned that he has pancreatic cancer. What are your thoughts about this?
A.   If he eats a nutritious diet, his chances of survival are fairly good at 55%.
B.   With a combination of chemotherapy and radiation therapy, the survival rate is nearly 80%, so he should be fine.
C.   It is very sad since pancreatic cancer has the lowest survival rate at 5%.
D.   It should be fine, the survival rate for pancreatic cancer is quite good at 67%.
Question #34
Your mother is 52 years old and has only had one mammogram in the last 10 years because she hates having them done. What can you tell her that might help her get her next mammogram? The survival rate of women who have ____.
A.   prostate cancer is much better if detected early with regular mammograms
B.   colon cancer is much better if detected early with regular mammograms
C.   pancreatic cancer is much better if detected early with regular mammograms
D.   breast cancer is much better if detected early with regular mammograms
Question #35
____ is the type of intelligence that involves information processing abilities such as short-term memory, ability to discern relations between visual stimuli, and speed of synthesizing new information, whereas ____ represents the accumulation of a person's culturally based knowledge, language, and understanding of social conventions.
A.   Crystallized intelligence; fluid intelligence
B.   Multiple intelligence; G intelligence
C.   G intelligence; multiple intelligence
D.   Fluid intelligence; crystallized intelligence
Question #36
You were playing a speed-based card game with your 64-year-old grandfather. The object is to get rid of your cards as fast as you can. Once the first card is turned over, each player tries to play by deciding which pile to play his or her card. When you were younger your grandfather always beat you in this game. Now, you always beat him. What is probably happening? Your grandfather is experiencing a slight decline in ____.
A.   numeric ability
B.   crystallized intelligence
C.   spatial orientation
D.   perceptual speed
Question #37
Your 43-year-old uncle has his own automobile repair shop. Whenever you have car problems all you have to do is describe the noise that your car is making and he can accurately diagnosis the problem on the phone. Psychologists would argue that this is an example of his ____.
A.   expertise
B.   fluid intelligence
C.   wisdom
D.   advanced spatial orientation
Question #38
You do not like to drive with your 54-year-old uncle. He prides himself on being a great driver, but you think that he gets too close behind other drivers. Relative to your uncle's age, why does this concern you? You think that you might get into an accident because, as a middle adult, ____.
A.   he is forgetful and reckless
B.   he is less able to multitask
C.   his reaction time is slower
D.   his vision has been reduced significantly
Question #39
Your 56-year-old teacher seems very comfortable with herself. If she does not know the answer to a student's question she simply states that she does not know and will try to find the answer. Is she an unusual person for her age?
A.   Yes, self-contentment is generally the highest during emerging adulthood.
B.   No, women of all ages have high self-contentment.
C.   Yes, more middle adults have poor self-contentment.
D.   No, self-contentment is at its peak during middle adulthood.
Question #40
You noticed that your 41-year-old uncle has become very interested in helping in his daughter's Girl Scout troop and coaching his son's soccer team. According to Erikson, what is your uncle displaying?
A.   generativity
B.   altruism
C.   integrity
D.   intimacy
Question #41
You have been married for 12 years and have two children aged six and eight years. There are many stresses in your marriage and you are wondering if it will ever get any better because your satisfaction with your marriage is pretty low right now. Is it likely to get better?
A.   No, marriage satisfaction is highest after a decade of marriage.
B.   Yes, marriage satisfaction rises when you have grandchildren.
C.   Yes, marriage satisfaction will sharply rise when your children reach emerging adulthood.
D.   No, marriage satisfaction is highest while caring for your young children.
Question #42
You recently saw your best friend from high school and asked how her parents are doing. She told you that they are healthy, but that they do not really enjoy each other's company and that the passion that they once had is gone. They are not very committed to each other and share very little intimacy. According to Sternberg, what type of love are they experiencing?
A.   consummate love
B.   empty love
C.   infatuated love
D.   liking/friendship
Question #43
According to the Sex in America study which examined sexuality in 18- to 59-year-olds, what was discovered regarding Americans in their forties and fifties?
A.   They rarely had sexual intercourse, but were very interested in sexuality.
B.   They had sexual intercourse, but less frequently than emerging adults.
C.   They had sexual intercourse as frequently as emerging adults did.
D.   They rarely had sexual intercourse.
Question #44
Samantha is the best middle manager the company has. She constantly puts countless hours into her job and is one of the best and brightest around. Samantha has not received a raise or promotion for many years and believes it is because she is a woman experiencing unseen discrimination. It is clear that Samantha is feeling the effects of a ____.
A.   glass tower
B.   glass elevator
C.   glass escalator
D.   glass ceiling
Question #45
Your uncle is 54 years old and is overweight, smokes, and does not exercise. He is likely to have what type of difficulty with regard to sexual behavior?
A.   lack of libido
B.   lack of interest
C.   finding an interested woman
D.   erectile dysfunction
Question #46
Your grandfather is a widower and has cancer. He is living with your parents and they are providing most of his care with the help of a home nurse. You notice that your parents' emotions and energy levels are different now. In what ways? They are more ____.
A.   energetic and happy.
B.   neurotic and unreliable.
C.   angry with poor attention spans.
D.   Exhausted and depressed
Question #47
Your aunt and uncle have been married for 21 years and have not been very happy in their marriage for as long as you can remember. Your aunt has resisted getting separated because she thinks that she will be even unhappier as a divorced woman. From your knowledge of development, relative to marital status, who are the most unhappy people?
A.   unhappily married people
B.   single people
C.   divorced people
D.   widows and widowers
Question #48
You are a grandparent and your daughter and son-in-law are about to get divorced. What is likely to happen with regard to your involvement with your grandchildren?
A.   It will not change.
B.   You will never see your grandchildren again.
C.   You will likely see your grandchildren alot more.
D.   You will see your grandchildren less frequently.
Question #49
Your sister just graduated with an MBA. She is planning to pursue a career and find a husband who will take care of their children and household. How likely do you think she will be in finding such a partner?
A.   somewhat unlikely
B.   somewhat likely
C.   Extremely unlikely
D.   extremely likely
Question #50
Your grandmother is constantly telling you stories of her life. She recalls her 16th birthday, the birth of her first child, and even the day you were born. Your grandmother's recollections are examples of her ____.
A.   Fluid intelligence
B.   Crystallized intelligence
C.   CPU usage
D.   Cognitive overload

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