Chem 40005 - Clinical Chemistry » Summer 2021 » Module 4 Quiz

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Question #1
At a physiological pH of 7.4, most amino acids
A.   are negatively charged.
B.   are positively charged.
C.   have no net charge.
D.   precipitate out of solution.
Question #2
Albumin concentration in blood can be analyzed in an empty blood collection tube containing no anticoagulant. This means that you are analyzing
A.   serum that has been obtained by mixing anticoagulants with whole blood and then centrifuged.
B.   plasma that has been obtained when no anticoagulants are mixed with whole blood and then centrifuged.
C.   plasma obtained by mixing anticoagulants with whole blood and then centrifuging the sample.
D.   serum that has been obtained when no anticoagulants are mixed with whole blood and then centrifuged.
Question #3
The plasma protein that demonstrates a decreased serum concentration during an intravascular hemolytic disorder and is used to identify this occurrence is
A.   haptoglobin.
B.   albumin.
C.   ceruloplasmin.
D.   alpha1-fetoprotein.
Question #4
Which of the following proteins are important in the regulation of circulating iron?
A.   Ceruloplasmin
B.   Haptoglobin
C.   Transferrin
D.   Haptoglobin and Ceruloplasmin
Question #5
The acid–base properties of amino acids are important in their function. Amino acids and proteins are both referred to as ampholytes. This means
A.   they are filtered by the kidney glomerulus and reabsorbed by the kidney tubules.
B.   at neutral pH, they have balanced positive and negative charges.
C.   that these must be supplied by dietary intake.
D.   they have side chains.
Question #6
C-reactive protein (CRP) is considered an acute phase protein (APP) because its concentration in blood is increased quickly during inflammation. An example of a negative APP would be
A.   albumin.
B.   haptoglobin.
C.   fibrinogen.
D.   alpha1-antitrypsin.
Question #7
The most abundant complement protein component that is common to all three pathways of complement is
A.   C3.
B.   C5.
C.   C7.
D.   C1.
Question #8
What is the globulin concentration of a specimen given the following information: total protein, 6.5 g/dL, and albumin, 3.8 g/dL?
A.   2.7 g/dL
B.   10.3 g/dL
C.   You cannot determine the globulin concentration from the information given here.
D.   1.7 g/dL
Question #9
Increased enzyme activity is typically observed in serum or plasma
A.   only following mitochondrial damage.
B.   following injury or damage to tissue.
C.   only if a genetic abnormality is present.
D.   only if hepatic damage has occurred.
Question #10
What transferase enzyme is involved in the conversion of the stored form of energy to usable energy (adenosine triphosphate [ATP]) within cardiac myocytes?
A.   Creatine kinase
B.   Aspartate aminotransferase
C.   Lactate dehydrogenase
D.   Troponinase
Question #11
Activators that are required for normal CK activity of ADP/ATP conversion include
A.   magnesium, manganese, and cobalt.
B.   NAD and NADH.
C.   pyroxidal phosphate and magnesium.
D.   magnesium only.
Question #12
Heart tissue contains which of the following CK isoenzymes?
A.   MM and MB
B.   BB only
C.   MM only
D.   MB only
Question #13
Why is heparin the only acceptable anticoagulant to use when obtaining blood samples for ALP analysis?
A.   Other anticoagulants bind ALP and reduce its ability to react with substrate in enzyme reactions.
B.   Heparin maintains the integrity of the ALP molecule through freeze-thaw cycles.
C.   Other anticoagulants contain inhibitors of magnesium, which is a required cofactor for ALP activation.
D.   Heparin contains necessary cofactors for ALP to reach full enzyme activity.
Question #14
Which of the following products are formed from the forward reaction catalyzed by ALT?
A.   Pyruvate and glutamate
B.   Alanine and alpha-ketoglutarate
C.   Aspartate and alanine
D.   Oxaloacetate and glutamate
Question #15
A specimen is received in a green top tube (heparin) with a request for alkaline phosphatase analysis. The plasma is separated and the test is performed. How will this specimen type affect the ALP results?
A.   Results will be falsely increased.
B.   There will be no effect, because this is an acceptable specimen for this test.
C.   Results will be falsely decreased.
Question #16
The recommended assay, because of its specificity and sensitivity for the measurement of the activity of the CK-MB isoenzyme, is the
A.   polyclonal competitive binding immunoassay.
B.   monoclonal sandwich immunoassay.
C.   isoenzyme electrophoresis.
D.   immunoinhibition assay.
Question #17
Which of the following is considered to be a nonspecific tumor–associated marker?
A.   Tumor suppressor genes
B.   CA 125
C.   Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)
D.   Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
Question #18
The properties of an ideal tumor marker include all of the following, except it should
A.   be sensitive to only operable tumor burden.
B.   be produced by tumor cells and detectable in body fluids.
C.   not be present in healthy people.
D.   be specific for a given type of cancer.
Question #19
Mutated normal cellular genes that cause the malignant transformation of cells are termed
A.   oncogenes.
B.   pre-oncogenes.
C.   proto-oncogenes.
D.   oncofetal antigens.
Question #20
A physical agent, such as exposure to ultraviolet light for an extended period of time, or a biologic agent, such as a virus, may cause cancer. These agents are referred to as
A.   carcinogens.
B.   tumor markers.
C.   oncogenes.
D.   tumor suppressors.

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