Chem 40005 - Clinical Chemistry » Summer 2021 » Module 4 Quiz

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Question #1
At a physiological pH of 7.4, most amino acids
A.   precipitate out of solution.
B.   have no net charge.
C.   are positively charged.
D.   are negatively charged.
Question #2
Albumin concentration in blood can be analyzed in an empty blood collection tube containing no anticoagulant. This means that you are analyzing
A.   plasma that has been obtained when no anticoagulants are mixed with whole blood and then centrifuged.
B.   serum that has been obtained by mixing anticoagulants with whole blood and then centrifuged.
C.   serum that has been obtained when no anticoagulants are mixed with whole blood and then centrifuged.
D.   plasma obtained by mixing anticoagulants with whole blood and then centrifuging the sample.
Question #3
The plasma protein that demonstrates a decreased serum concentration during an intravascular hemolytic disorder and is used to identify this occurrence is
A.   ceruloplasmin.
B.   haptoglobin.
C.   albumin.
D.   alpha1-fetoprotein.
Question #4
Which of the following proteins are important in the regulation of circulating iron?
A.   Haptoglobin and Ceruloplasmin
B.   Transferrin
C.   Haptoglobin
D.   Ceruloplasmin
Question #5
The acid–base properties of amino acids are important in their function. Amino acids and proteins are both referred to as ampholytes. This means
A.   they are filtered by the kidney glomerulus and reabsorbed by the kidney tubules.
B.   that these must be supplied by dietary intake.
C.   at neutral pH, they have balanced positive and negative charges.
D.   they have side chains.
Question #6
C-reactive protein (CRP) is considered an acute phase protein (APP) because its concentration in blood is increased quickly during inflammation. An example of a negative APP would be
A.   fibrinogen.
B.   alpha1-antitrypsin.
C.   albumin.
D.   haptoglobin.
Question #7
The most abundant complement protein component that is common to all three pathways of complement is
A.   C5.
B.   C7.
C.   C1.
D.   C3.
Question #8
What is the globulin concentration of a specimen given the following information: total protein, 6.5 g/dL, and albumin, 3.8 g/dL?
A.   1.7 g/dL
B.   10.3 g/dL
C.   You cannot determine the globulin concentration from the information given here.
D.   2.7 g/dL
Question #9
Increased enzyme activity is typically observed in serum or plasma
A.   only if hepatic damage has occurred.
B.   following injury or damage to tissue.
C.   only if a genetic abnormality is present.
D.   only following mitochondrial damage.
Question #10
What transferase enzyme is involved in the conversion of the stored form of energy to usable energy (adenosine triphosphate [ATP]) within cardiac myocytes?
A.   Creatine kinase
B.   Troponinase
C.   Aspartate aminotransferase
D.   Lactate dehydrogenase
Question #11
Activators that are required for normal CK activity of ADP/ATP conversion include
A.   NAD and NADH.
B.   magnesium only.
C.   magnesium, manganese, and cobalt.
D.   pyroxidal phosphate and magnesium.
Question #12
Heart tissue contains which of the following CK isoenzymes?
A.   MM only
B.   MB only
C.   BB only
D.   MM and MB
Question #13
Why is heparin the only acceptable anticoagulant to use when obtaining blood samples for ALP analysis?
A.   Other anticoagulants bind ALP and reduce its ability to react with substrate in enzyme reactions.
B.   Heparin contains necessary cofactors for ALP to reach full enzyme activity.
C.   Other anticoagulants contain inhibitors of magnesium, which is a required cofactor for ALP activation.
D.   Heparin maintains the integrity of the ALP molecule through freeze-thaw cycles.
Question #14
Which of the following products are formed from the forward reaction catalyzed by ALT?
A.   Pyruvate and glutamate
B.   Aspartate and alanine
C.   Oxaloacetate and glutamate
D.   Alanine and alpha-ketoglutarate
Question #15
A specimen is received in a green top tube (heparin) with a request for alkaline phosphatase analysis. The plasma is separated and the test is performed. How will this specimen type affect the ALP results?
A.   Results will be falsely increased.
B.   Results will be falsely decreased.
C.   There will be no effect, because this is an acceptable specimen for this test.
Question #16
The recommended assay, because of its specificity and sensitivity for the measurement of the activity of the CK-MB isoenzyme, is the
A.   isoenzyme electrophoresis.
B.   monoclonal sandwich immunoassay.
C.   immunoinhibition assay.
D.   polyclonal competitive binding immunoassay.
Question #17
Which of the following is considered to be a nonspecific tumor–associated marker?
A.   Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
B.   CA 125
C.   Tumor suppressor genes
D.   Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)
Question #18
The properties of an ideal tumor marker include all of the following, except it should
A.   be specific for a given type of cancer.
B.   be produced by tumor cells and detectable in body fluids.
C.   not be present in healthy people.
D.   be sensitive to only operable tumor burden.
Question #19
Mutated normal cellular genes that cause the malignant transformation of cells are termed
A.   oncofetal antigens.
B.   pre-oncogenes.
C.   proto-oncogenes.
D.   oncogenes.
Question #20
A physical agent, such as exposure to ultraviolet light for an extended period of time, or a biologic agent, such as a virus, may cause cancer. These agents are referred to as
A.   tumor markers.
B.   carcinogens.
C.   oncogenes.
D.   tumor suppressors.

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