Health 011 - Principles of Healthful Living » Fall 2021 » Chapter 4 Study Guide
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Question #1
Which of the following is not one of the three areas of the brain involved in generating and maintaining sleep?
A.
The pituitary gland
B.
The brain stem
C.
The cerebrum
D.
The diencephalon
Question #2
The two structures of your brain that regulate wakefulness and sleep are
A.
the brain stem and the hypothalamus.
B.
the hypothalamus and the pineal gland.
C.
the hippocampus and the hypothalamus.
D.
the cerebrum and the brain stem.
Question #3
The five basic stages of sleep are further classified into two distinct orders characterized by
A.
breathing rates.
B.
the ability of the sleeper to quickly respond to stimulus.
C.
body temperature.
D.
rapid vs. non-rapid eye movement.
Question #4
Delta waves, which indicate deeper sleep, are evident in which of the following stage(s) of sleep?
A.
Stages two and five
B.
Stage five
C.
Stage two
D.
Stages three and four
Question #5
REM sleep is prompted by which structure, which is housed in the brain stem?
A.
The hypothalamus
B.
The pineal gland
C.
The hippocampus
D.
The pons
Question #6
The brain's pineal gland produces the hormone ________, which helps control your sleepiness and wakefulness cycles.
A.
adrenaline
B.
insulin
C.
melatonin
D.
estrogen
Question #7
Remaining active during sleep, the brain's ________ is the thinking area and outermost "bark" of the cerebrum.
A.
hypothalamus
B.
pons
C.
pineal gland
D.
cerebral cortex
Question #8
In which of the five stages of sleep does one typically spend the most time each night?
A.
Stage 5
B.
Stage 4
C.
Stage 1
D.
Stage 2
Question #9
Common in students, ________ is an accumulated amount of sleep-loss prompted by short sleep cycles.
A.
long sleep
B.
sleep debt
C.
sleep surplus
D.
sleep deprivation
Question #10
To determine sleep needs, researchers sometimes conduct a survey study, comparing the hours of sleep reported by patients to
A.
occupational and activity requirements of patients.
B.
correlating factors such as poor health, depression, and death.
C.
mitigating factors such as stress and medications.
D.
the median age of the patient population.
Question #11
A national poll conducted in 2013 found that ________ of American adults experience short sleep every night of the week.
A.
45 percent
B.
23 percent
C.
30 percent
D.
50 percent
Question #12
Americans of college age (19 to 29) typically
A.
et less sleep than the average American young adult (ages 14-18).
B.
get less sleep than the average American adult.
C.
get an equitable amount of sleep compared to the average American adult.
D.
get more sleep than the average American adult.
Question #13
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in Atlanta links short sleep to an increased risk for
A.
type 1 diabetes.
B.
liver disease.
C.
potential obesity.
D.
increased academic performance.
Question #14
Some researchers suggest the link between short sleep and impaired learning is brain-related, specifically because of problems with the
A.
pons.
B.
prefrontal cortex.
C.
pituitary gland
D.
hypothalamus.
Question #15
In a national poll, approximately ________ of American adults admitted to having fallen asleep behind the wheel of a vehicle at least once in the past year.
A.
one-half
B.
one-third
C.
one-fourth
D.
one-sixth.
Question #16
Pre-sleep use of electronic technology affects sleep by
A.
more quickly relaxing the muscular system.
B.
speeding entry into REM sleep.
C.
augmenting circadian rhythms via light-emitting screens.
D.
relaxing the mind and diverting attention from the concerns of the day.
Question #17
For two to four hours after eating, you should
A.
establish a routine.
B.
exercise moderately.
C.
recline.
D.
remain upright.
Question #18
Persistent heartburn (GERD) can be a cause for sleep interruption when
A.
you exercise vigorously after eating and before bedtime.
B.
you remain upright for several hours after eating.
C.
your diet contains dairy products.
D.
you lie down soon after eating.
Question #19
Studies suggest that the amount of caffeine in about ________ of coffee per day yields low health risk.
A.
eight cups
B.
one cup
C.
four cups
D.
two cups
Question #20
Which of the following ethnicities reported the lowest incidence of sleep problems in the United States according to a study by the National Sleep Foundation?
A.
African Americans
B.
Hispanic Americans
C.
Caucasian Americans
D.
Asian Americans
Question #21
Which of the following ethnicities is most likely to sleep with a pet, according to a study by the National Sleep Foundation?
A.
Caucasian Americans
B.
Hispanic Americans
C.
African Americans
D.
Asian Americans
Question #22
The American Academy of Sleep Medicine identifies ________ major categories of sleep disorders.
A.
27
B.
81
C.
43
D.
6
Question #23
Primary insomnia is most often tied to
A.
substance abuse.
B.
GERD.
C.
genetic factors.
D.
stress.
Question #24
Sleep apnea is primarily characterized by
A.
jerking of the legs and arms during sleep.
B.
pauses in breathing while one sleeps.
C.
an inability to stay asleep longer than an hour or so.
D.
sensory disturbances in the sleep environment.
Question #25
Loud snoring is a characteristic of
A.
central sleep apnea.
B.
secondary insomnia.
C.
obstructive sleep apnea.
D.
primary insomnia.
Question #26
Sleep apnea patients are advised to sleep
A.
on their sides.
B.
on their stomachs.
C.
sitting up slightly.
D.
on their backs.
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