Biology 2060 - Anatomy and Physiology II » Fall 2021 » Lecture Exam 1

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Question #1
Atrial contraction accounts for most of the ventricular filling
A.   FALSE
B.   TRUE
Question #2
Given these structures of the conduction system of the heart, choose the arrangement that lists the structures in the order the action potential passes through them. 1. AV bundle 2. AV node 3. Bundle branches 4. Purkinje Fibers 5. SA node
A.   5-2-4-3-1
B.   2-5-3-1-4
C.   5-2-1-3-4
D.   2-5-4-1-3
Question #3
Which of the following constituent of blood plasma forms the network of fibers seen in a clot during the coagulation process?
A.   fibrinogen
B.   calcium
C.    thromboplastin
D.   prothrombin
E.   albumin
Question #4
During the Ventricular Systole, the pressure rapidly ________ in the ventricles forcing the ______ valves closed.
A.   decreases, AV
B.   decreases, semi-lunar
C.   increases, AV
D.   increases, semi-lunar 
Question #5
These are events in clotting of blood, put the answers in CORRECT order. 1. Severing of a vessel 2. Clot retraction 3. Fibrin formation 4. Agglutination of platelets
A.   3, 4, 1, 2
B.   4, 1, 2, 3
C.   1, 4, 3, 2
D.   2, 3, 4, 1
Question #6
The corresponding mechanical events of P wave and the QRS complex are _____ and ______respectively?
A.   Contraction of the AV node; relaxation of the SA node
B.   Repolarization of the ventricles; polarization of the atria and ventricles
C.   Depolarization of the ventricles; polarization of the SA Node
D.   contraction of the atria; contraction of the ventricle
Question #7
To calculate EDV , you must sum SV and ESV
A.   TRUE
B.   FALSE
Question #8
Which of the following substance is NOT a component of plasma?
A.   monocyte
B.   sodium
C.    iron
D.   glucose
E.   creatine
Question #9
Mary’s blood test reveals and elevated blood count of 14% eosinophils and 75% neutrophils. What is the most reasonable conclusion can you draw about Mary?
A.   Mary may have a parasitic infection
B.   Mary may have chronic viral infection
C.   Mary has Hay Fever and a cold
D.   Mary’s eosinophil, monocyte and lymphocyte counts are  normal
Question #10
B-lymphocytes convert into plasma cells, before they produce antibodies. Which of the following leukocytes must also be converted inot macrophage before phagocytosis?
A.   basophils
B.   neutrophils
C.    T-lymphocytes
D.   monocytes
Question #11
A person with end-stage kidney disease may have a red blood cell count that is lower than normal because:
A.   not enough erythropoietin is secreted to stimulate red blood cell formation.
B.   red blood cells are lost into the urine.
C.   the damaged kidneys actively destroy red blood cells as they flow through renal vessels.
D.   the kidneys don’t synthesize enough hemoglobin.
E.   the kidneys are an important site of erythropoiesis.
Question #12
The volume of blood ejected from the ventricles with each heart beat is called________
A.   Stroke volume (SV)
B.   Cadiac Output (CO)
C.   End Systolic Volume (ESV)
D.   Preload
E.   End diastolic volume (EDV)
Question #13
The valve located between the left atrium and left ventricle is the:
A.   Bicuspid value
B.   Semilunar aortic value
C.    Tricuspid value
D.   Both bicuspid and semilunar value
E.   Pulmonic semilunar valve
Question #14
Which of the following pair best describes the fate of RBC destruction?
A.   Heme = is converted into bilirubin which then converts into biliverdin in the liver
B.   Iron = is converted into transferrin and stercobilin in the liver and large intestine
C.   Globin = is broken down into amino acids for synthesis of new proteins
D.   None of the above is correctly matched
Question #15
Which of the following is NOT an example of a formed element in whole blood?
A.     lymphocytes
B.   mast cells
C.   eosinophils
D.    thrombocytes
E.   erythrocytes
Question #16
Which of the following indicates a normal differential count in a healthy adult?
A.   65% neutrophils, 25% lymphocytes, 6% monocytes, 3% eosinophils, 1% basophils.
B.   50% lymphocytes, 30% neutrophils, 10% eosinophils, 8% monocytes, 2% basophils
C.   65% neutrophils, 25% lymphocytes, 6% eosinophils, 2% monocytes, 2% basophils.
D.   50% neutrophils, 30% lymphocytes, 15% monocytes, 4% eosinophils, 1% basophils.
E.   65% lymphocytes, 20% neutrophils, 10% monocytes, 4% eosinophils, 1% basophils.
Question #17
A person experiencing an allergic reaction to a bee sting would have an increase in count.
A.   monocytes and neutrophils
B.   erythrocytes and thrombocytes
C.   neutrophils and basophils
D.   basophils and eosinophils
E.   lymphocytes and eosinophils
F.           
Question #18
The lupp sound is heard during ventricular sytole
A.   TRUE
B.   FALSE
Question #19
Cardiac output
A.   is the volume of blood ejected from the right ventricle into the pulmonary trunk.
B.   is the volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle into the aorta.
C.   total amount of blood in the body
D.   is the product of the stroke volume and the heart rate.
Question #20
Which of the following is NOT correct?
A.   RBCs are spherical in shape and granulated
B.   Most adults have around 5 million RBCs/µL of blood.
C.   The average life span of an erythrocyte is 120 days.
D.   Mature red blood cells are called erythrocytes.
E.   RBCs are recycled by the spleen
Question #21
Which of the following best describes the ratio of the formed elements in the blood?
A.   platelets < WBC
B.   WBC < RBC
C.   platelets = WBC
D.   RBC > platelets >WBC
Question #22
All of the following statements are true EXCEPT:
A.   erythroblastesis fetalis is the anemia that occurs in Rh – negative mothers
B.   eosinophils are specialized to destroy parasites
C.   iron is removed from the blood by the transporter protein transferrin
D.   monocytes must be converted to macrophages before phagocytosis
E.   hemopoiesis is the process by which formed elements are developed
Question #23
Which of these conditions observed in an ECG would most likely suggest that the pacemaker is not conducting action potential?
A.   complete lack of T wave
B.   complete lack of QRS complex
C.   increase cardiac output
D.   P wave and QRS complexes are not synchronized
E.   complete lack of P wave
Question #24
During which of the following phases of the cardiac cycle does the ventricle contract, intraventricular pressure rises and, closing of all the valves?
A.   Isovolumetric contraction
B.   Ventricular filling
C.   Ventricular diastole
D.    Isovolumetric relaxation
E.   Ventricular ejection
Question #25
Anemia: 1. is a condition in which the ability of the blood to carry oxygen decreases. 2. maybe caused by deficient amounts of iron or vitamin in the diet. 3. is associated with excessive numbers of erythrocytes. 4. is associated with abnormal RBC structure and hemoglobin concentration 5. maybe caused by chronic or acute blood loss
A.   3, and  4
B.   2, 3, and  4
C.    1 only
D.   1, 2, 4 and 5
Question #26
Jim’s SV= 75ml/b, and ESV = 60 ml. Which of the following is true about Jim’s EDV?
A.   Jim’s EDV= 135 ml
B.   Jim’s EDV= 120 ml
C.   Jim’s EDV= 125 ml
D.   Jim has no EDV because his SV is too high
E.   Jim’s EDV= 60 ml
Question #27
All of the following scenarios would have poor effect on venous return EXCEPT:
A.   a person with late stage liver disease
B.   a person in a wheelchair
C.   a bedridden person
D.   a person in a marathon
Question #28
During stroke volume, the pressure in the ventricles forces AV and semi-lunar valves open
A.   FALSE
B.   TRUE
Question #29
Inappropriate use of synthetic erythropoietin, by athletes, may result in increased blood viscosity or elevated hematocrit. This condition is called___________.
A.   blood doping
B.   hypoxia
C.   polycythemia
D.   thrombosis
E.   leukopenia
Question #30
In situation A you have a normal male hematocrit, and in situation B you have a normal female hematocrit. Which of the following statements best represents these 2 situations?
A.   A = B
B.    A < B
C.   A > B
D.    None of the above
Question #31
____ is the most abundant leukocytes while ___ is the least abundant phagocytes, respectively.
A.   Basophils and neutrophils
B.   Neutrophils and basophils
C.   Lymphocytes and monocytes
D.   Neutrophils and monocytes
E.   Lymphocytes and eosinophils
Question #32
Which of the following DOES NOT belong to the group?
A.   AV valves
B.   Bundle Branches
C.   AV node
D.   SA node
E.   AV bundle
Question #33
Your teacher gave you a Wright stain with various developmental stages of a certain blood cell. To your delight, you were able to identify (i) myelocytes (ii) myeloid stem cells (iii) hemocytoblasts (iv)and some cells in the band stage! Which of the following is the most likely the blood cell seen on the Wright stain?
A.   lymphocytes
B.   monocytes
C.   megakarocytes
D.   erythrocytes
E.   eosinophils
Question #34
During the transmission of action potentials through the conduction system of the heart, there is a temporary delay at the:
A.   Purkinje fibers
B.   bundle branches
C.   SA node
D.   AV bundle
E.   AV node
Question #35
Which of the following statements about the heart anatomy is incorrect?
A.   pulmonary artery takes blood form the right ventricle to the lung
B.   coronary sinus returns blood from the lung to the great cardiac vein
C.   papillary muscles are located in the ventricles of the heart
D.   SA node is located at the base of the SVC
E.   pulmonary veins return blood from the lungs to the left atrium
Question #36
The amount of blood remaining in a ventricle at the end of systole is the
A.   end-diastolic volume
B.   stroke volume
C.   end-systolic volume
D.   cardiac output
E.   ejection fraction
Question #37
Which of the following is the correct formula used to calculate Cardiac Output (CO)?
A.    CO = SV x HR
B.   CO = BP x SV
C.    CO = EDV+ SV
D.    CO = EDV-ESV
Question #38
Put the following in order of increasing complexity (put the simplest item first…). 1. Hemoglobin 2. Heme 3. Erythrocyte 4. Oxygen 5. Cardiovascular System
A.   2,4,3,5,1
B.   3,2,4,1,5
C.   4,2,1,3,5
D.   1,2,3,4,5
Question #39
Stoppage of bleeding is called:
A.   vascular spasm
B.   homeostasis
C.   coagulation
D.    platelet plug
E.   hemostasis
Question #40
Semilunar valves of the heart are positioned:
A.   at the exits of the ventricles.
B.   at the entrance of the venae cava.
C.   between atria and ventricles.
D.   in the interatrial septum.
Question #41
Which of the following does NOT belong with the group?
A.   hemophilia
B.   platelet aggregation
C.   coagulation
D.   fibrinolysis
Question #42
A medical technology student is learning to count blood cells the low-tech way: using a microscope and a special slide called a hemocytometer. She has just found a round, white blood cell that contains large dark-navy granules. The cell’s nucleus appears bilobed, but it’s difficult to see, so she is not sure. The student is probably looking at
A.   eosinophil
B.   basophil
C.   monocyte
D.   neutrophil
E.   lymphocyte

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