Biol 303 - Intermediate Cell Biology » Fall 2021 » Exam 1 Fast Facts

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Question #1
An organism like a Paramecium has contractile vacuoles to continually eliminate from the cell water that has leaked in by osmosis. Thus, the water environment in which this organism lives is
A.   hypertonic to Paramecium
B.   None of these statements is correct
C.   hypotonic to Paramecium
D.   isotonic to Paramecium
Question #2
Which of the following is true about the cholesterol associated with membranes?
A.   It is oriented with the small hydroxyl group embedded in the lipid bilayer and the remainder of the molecule toward the membrane surface.
B.   It interferes with the movements of the fatty acid tails of the phospholipids.
C.   All of these statements are correct
D.   It makes the cell membrane fluid at room temperature.
Question #3
Which of the following crosses lipid bilayers the fastest?
A.   a small, nonpolar molecule like oxygen (O2)
B.   a large, polar molecule like glucose
C.   a sodium ion
D.   a small, polar molecule like water
Question #4
How do cells transport small, lipid-soluble molecules across the cell membrane?
A.   Through facilitated diffusion.
B.   Via aquaporin channels.
C.   Via active transport.
D.   Such molecules diffuse freely.
Question #5
Which of the following increases the strength of the hydrophobic interactions in lipid bilayers and thus makes them less permeable to polar molecules?
A.   the presence of double bonds in fatty acid chains
B.   increasing temperature
C.   removing cholesterol
D.   increasing length of the hydrocarbon chains
Question #6
Diffusion during which the substance to be transported binds selectively to a membrane-spanning protein, which helps the process along, is called
A.   simple diffusion
B.   facilitated diffusion
C.   facilitated osmosis
D.   active transport
E.   osmosis
Question #7
Which of the following compounds can diffuse across a phospholipid bilayer by themselves?
A.   water
B.   glucose
C.   Ca2+
D.   water, glucose and Ca2+
Question #8
A person is sailing in the ocean and decides to drink some of the seawater. What kind of problem might this person end up having?
A.   None of these.
B.   High blood pressure
C.   Cell lysis
D.   Dehydration
Question #9
Transporters in the membrane undergo transitions between different conformations depending on whether the substrate-binding pocket is empty or occupied.
A.   TRUE
B.   FALSE
Question #10
Membranes contain a wide diversity of lipids, including
A.   phosphoglycerides, sphingolipids and triglycerides
B.   triglycerides, cholesterol and phosphoglycerides
C.   cholesterol, triglycerides and sphingolipids
D.   cholesterol, phosphoglycerides and sphingolipids
Question #11
Most of the functions of a cell membrane are performed by
A.   triglycerides
B.   cholesterol
C.   proteins
D.   glycolipids
Question #12
What level of structure in proteins is held together by R group interactions between different polypeptides?
A.   quarternary structure
B.   tertiary structure
C.   primary structure
D.   secondary structure
Question #13
Structure plays a role in protein function but does not play a role in carbohydrate function.
A.   FALSE
B.   TRUE
Question #14
Which of the following statements about hydrogen bonds is true?
A.   They can be found between the two strands of a DNA molecule.
B.   They can be found between the two strands of a DNA molecule, occur between most polar molecules and are weak attractive interactions
C.   They are weak attractive interactions
D.   They can occur between most polar molecules.
Question #15
Molecular chaperones are “helper proteins” to prevent nonselective interactions during protein folding in order to achieve proper 3D conformation.
A.   FALSE
B.   TRUE
Question #16
The use of hydrogen bonds to make alpha helices and beta sheets is what level of protein folding.
A.   Primary
B.   Secondary
Question #17
Which interaction is most important in enhancing the solubility of macromolecules in water?
A.   Both hydrophobic interactions and nonpolar covalent bonds
B.   van der Waals forces
C.   nonpolar covalent bonds
D.   hydrogen bonds
E.   hydrophobic interactions
Question #18
Proteins are often composed of two or more distinct modules that fold up independently of one another. They often represent parts of a protein that function in a semi-independent manner. These modules are called
A.   functional groups
B.   quaternary structure motifs
C.   domains
D.   protein motifs
Question #19
Denaturation of a protein is due to the breaking of all covalent and non-covalent bonds in order to unfold a protein.
A.   TRUE
B.   FALSE
Question #20
Where are hydrophobic interactions most likely to occur?
A.   the core of a water-soluble protein
B.   on the surface of a water-soluble protein
C.   between two charged molecules
D.   between two ions
E.   in contact with water molecules
Question #21
A disruption of all non-covalent bonds leading to protein loss of function is called what?
A.   Natured
B.   Denatured
Question #22
Identify the technique: Method to separate cell components into fractions.
A.   Differential Rotation
B.   Differential Centrifugation
Question #23
Why are proteins separated on an SDS polyacrylamide gel equally attracted to the positive electrode?
A.   They carry a relatively uniform negative charge distribution.
B.   They are all the same size.
C.   They carry a relatively uniform positive charge distribution.
D.   They are all the same molecular weight.
E.   They all have the same degree of hydrophobicity.
Question #24
Which of these is not part of cell theory?
A.   Cells arise by division of a pre-existing cell
B.   Cells contain genetic information in the form of RNA that is passed to the next cell generation
C.   All organisms are composed of one or more cells.
D.   The cell is the structural unit of life
Question #25
What is true about cells grown in culture?
A.   Cultured cells are not used often by cell biologists and cells can grow and reproduce in culture for extended periods.
B.   HeLa cells are cultured tumor cells isolated from a cancer patient and used by pharmaceutical companies without permission and cells can grow and reproduce in culture for extended periods.
C.   All cells in culture must be able to evolve and cultured cells are not used often by cell biologists.
D.   All cells in culture must be able to evolve and heLa cells are cultured tumor cells isolated from a cancer patient and used by pharmaceutical companies without permission and cells can grow and reproduce in culture for extended periods.
Question #26
Cell size is limited by the fact that its ability to exchange nutrients is proportional to its surface area.
A.   TRUE
B.   FALSE

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