Political Science 001 - The Government of the United States » Fall 2021 » Final Chapter 7,8.9,10, & 12
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Question #1
What is the ultimate goal of a political party?
A.
creating the party platform
B.
raising the most money
C.
winning elections
D.
nominating candidates
Question #2
Which statement about party identification and gender in the United States is MOST accurate?
A.
Women are significantly more likely than men to identify with the Democratic Party, whereas more men identify as independents.
B.
There are no significant differences between men and women in terms of their political partisanship.
C.
A majority of men and women identify as Republicans, but more men than women identify with the Republican Party.
D.
Men are significantly more likely than women to identify with the Democratic Party, whereas more women identify as independents.
Question #3
Which of the following occurs when one party replaces another party that has dominated national politics for a lengthy period of time?
A.
proportional representation
B.
an electoral realignment
C.
external mobilization
D.
divided party government
Question #4
Which of the following is the best example of direct democracy in the United States?
A.
a referendum
B.
prospective voting
C.
retrospective voting
D.
gerrymandering
Question #5
Partisan loyalty is likely to be highest in the election of
A.
a governor.
B.
a state legislator.
C.
a U.S. senator.
D.
the president.
Question #6
Which statement about the over-time trend in party identification in the United States is most accurate?
A.
The number of people identifying as Democrats outnumbered Republican identifiers between 1960 and 2008, but more people have identified as Republicans than Democrats since 2008.
B.
The number of people identifying as Democrats has outnumbered Republican identifiers for a long time.
C.
The number of people identifying as Republicans outnumbered Democratic identifiers between 1960 and 2008, but more people have identified as Democrats than Republicans since 2008.
D.
The number of people identifying as Republicans has outnumbered Democratic identifiers for a long time.
Question #7
Private groups that raise and distribute funds for election campaigns are called
A.
political consulting firms.
B.
political parties.
C.
political action committees.
D.
corporations.
Question #8
Which statement best characterizes the influence average citizens and party elites have over the nomination process in the United States?
A.
Party leaders are legally prohibited from playing any role in the nominations process.
B.
Although party elites have some influence in the nominations process, average citizens play an outsized role in selecting the candidates who will compete in the general election.
C.
Party leaders and average citizens play roughly equal roles in selecting the candidates who will compete in the general election.
D.
Although average citizens have some influence in the nominations process, party elites play an outsized role in selecting the candidates who will compete in the general election.
Question #9
Which of the following groups is MOST likely to belong to the New Politics movement?
A.
recent immigrants to the United States
B.
blue-collar workers whose formative experience was the Great Depression
C.
upper-middle-class professionals, for whom the civil rights and antiwar movements of the 1960s were key experiences
D.
conservative evangelical southerners, reacting to the cultural changes of the 1960s
Question #10
Moveon.org began
A.
in 2003 as a protest movement fighting against the war in Iraq.
B.
in 1996 as a social networking site for progressive activists opposed to free-trade agreements.
C.
in 2010 as a lobbying organization opposed to the Affordable Care Act.
D.
in 1998 as an email group fighting against the impeachment of President Bill Clinton.
Question #11
What is the MOST important and beneficial resource that lobbyists provide government officials?
A.
information
B.
money
C.
campaign workers
D.
legal assistance
Question #12
Labor groups represent ________ percent of the total number of interest groups registered to lobby in Washington.
A.
22
B.
2
C.
62
D.
42
Question #13
The initiative was
A.
promoted by early twentieth-century liberals as a way of protecting immigrant rights.
B.
promoted by late nineteenth-century Populists and Progressives as an antidote to interest group influence in the legislative process.
C.
established at the federal level by the Twenty-Sixth Amendment to the Constitution.
D.
promoted by late nineteenth-century religious conservatives as a way to restore “moral values” to the country.
Question #14
AARP (formerly the American Association of Retired Persons) began
A.
in 1932 as an effort to convince Congress to enact Social Security.
B.
in 1965 as an effort to push for the passage of Medicare.
C.
in 2001 as an effort to prevent the George W. Bush administration’s tax cuts.
D.
in 1958 as an effort to find affordable health insurance for retired teachers.
Question #15
When a coalition of credit card companies forms an interest group called the Partnership to Protect Consumer Credit, this suggests that
A.
credit card companies are interested in the public good.
B.
public interest groups are now actively involving private corporations.
C.
private interests are hiding behind the ideals of public interests.
D.
the free-rider problem does not apply to private corporations.
Question #16
A political action committee (PAC) can contribute ________ to any candidate for federal office, provided it contributes to at least five different federal candidates each year.
A.
$500,000
B.
$5,000
C.
$500
D.
$50,000
Question #17
In order to overcome the ________, interest groups often provide ________ to their members.
A.
principal-agent problem; selective benefits
B.
free-rider problem; collective goods
C.
principal-agent problem; collective goods
D.
free-rider problem; selective benefits
Question #18
A membership association is a group
A.
in which members play an important role in the daily activities and administration.
B.
in which only members may receive benefits.
C.
that accepts anyone as a member.
D.
in which members vote directly for their leaders.
Question #19
The State of the Union address is
A.
requested by the president, and comity demands that his or her request is always accepted.
B.
required by a law passed by Congress in 1803 and renewed ever since.
C.
based on tradition but was discontinued during the Great Depression and World War II.
D.
mandated by the Constitution.
Question #20
________ powers are specifically established by the language of the Constitution.
A.
Implied
B.
Delegated
C.
Inherent
D.
Expressed
Question #21
What is required for Congress to override a presidential veto?
A.
three-fourths of both houses of Congress
B.
a unanimous vote of both houses of Congress
C.
two-thirds of both houses of Congress
D.
a majority of both houses of Congress
Question #22
The Office of Management and Budget is important because
A.
its personnel are an integral part of virtually every conceivable presidential responsibility, such as overseeing regulatory proposals, reporting on agency activities, and preparing the national budget.
B.
it is granted the authority under the Constitution to pass the federal budget.
C.
it has the power to veto any legislation passed by Congress that negatively impacts the federal budget.
D.
the Constitution requires that the president receive its approval for every administrative rule change he or she proposes and for every tax increase he or she suggests.
Question #23
The ________ asserted that the president could send American troops into action abroad only in the event of a declaration of war or other statutory authorization by Congress, or if American troops were attacked or directly endangered.
A.
National Security Act of 1947
B.
Boland Amendment of 1982
C.
War Powers Resolution of 1973
D.
USA PATRIOT Act of 2001
Question #24
The ________ is the name given to the group of designated cabinet officials and other military, diplomatic, and intelligence officials who meet regularly with the president to give advice on national security matters.
A.
National Security Council
B.
State Department
C.
War Council
D.
Council on Foreign Relations
Question #25
The president’s delegated powers come from
A.
the Supreme Court.
B.
the president’s party.
C.
the Constitution.
D.
Congress.
Question #26
What is the primary constitutional task of the vice president, besides succeeding the president in case of death, resignation, or incapacitation?
A.
to serve as Speaker of the House of Representatives
B.
to cast tie-breaking votes in the Senate
C.
to run the day-to-day operations of the Executive Office of the President
D.
to represent the president overseas
Question #27
The powers of Congress have declined dramatically in which of the following areas over the last 50 years?
A.
national defense and the federal budget
B.
health care and education
C.
national defense and environmental protection
D.
law enforcement and oversight
Question #28
When President Lincoln raised an army after the fall of Fort Sumter despite having no clear legal authority to do so, it illustrated the
A.
expressed powers of the presidency.
B.
“going public” strategy.
C.
delegated powers of the presidency.
D.
inherent powers of the presidency.
Question #29
Which of the following statements about presidential vetoes is MOST accurate?
A.
Nearly all presidential vetoes are successfully overridden by Congress.
B.
Approximately half of presidential vetoes throughout American history have been successfully overridden by Congress.
C.
Fewer than 10 percent of all presidential vetoes throughout American history have been successfully overridden by Congress.
D.
A presidential veto has never been successfully overridden by Congress.
Question #30
The Constitution attempts to restrain the president’s use of domestic force by
A.
stating that a state government must request federal troops before the president can deploy them within that state to provide public order.
B.
requiring a majority of both the House and the Senate to vote in favor of any presidential order to deploy federal troops within the United States.
C.
requiring two-thirds of both the House and the Senate to vote in favor of any presidential order to deploy federal troops within the United States.
D.
strictly prohibiting presidents from ever deploying federal troops within the United States.
Question #31
Cabinet members
A.
must be approved by the Senate, but not responsible to the Senate or to Congress at large.
B.
do not have to be approved by the Senate and are not responsible to the Senate or to Congress at large.
C.
must be approved by the Senate and are responsible to the Senate and to Congress at large.
D.
do not have to be approved by the Senate but are responsible to the Senate and to Congress at large.
Question #32
During the nineteenth century, ________ was America’s dominant institution of government.
A.
the Supreme Court
B.
the presidency
C.
the executive bureaucracy
D.
Congress
Question #33
Which president granted full amnesty in 1868 to all southerners who had participated in the “Late Rebellion”?
A.
Andrew Johnson
B.
Abraham Lincoln
C.
Rutherford B. Hayes
D.
Andrew Jackson
Question #34
Impeachment offenses are
A.
charged by the Senate and tried in the House, with the Chief Justice presiding and a two-thirds vote needed for conviction.
B.
charged by the House and tried in the Senate, with the Chief Justice presiding and a 50 percent plus one vote needed for conviction.
C.
charged by the Senate and tried in the House, with the Chief Justice presiding and a 50 percent plus one vote needed for conviction.
D.
charged by the House and tried in the Senate, with the Chief Justice presiding and a two-thirds vote needed for conviction.
Question #35
The president has the power to appoint which of the following positions?
A.
open Senate seats
B.
all state Supreme Court justices
C.
cabinet secretaries
D.
open seats in the House of Representatives
Question #36
How many vice presidents have had to replace presidents who died in office over the course of American history?
A.
0
B.
8
C.
3
D.
12
Question #37
A.
absolutism.
B.
the unitary executive.
C.
elite pluralism.
D.
pluralism.
Question #38
The Environmental Protection Agency, the Food and Drug Administration, and the Peace Corps were established
A.
by laws passed in Congress.
B.
by executive orders from the president.
C.
by federal ballot initiatives.
D.
by Supreme Court decisions.
Question #39
One drawback of devolution is that
A.
there is no potential for variation in the provision of services and benefits across states.
B.
states have a much harder time implementing programs than the federal government does.
C.
Congress is removed completely from the United States’ foreign policy process.
D.
there are potentially large variations in the provision of services and benefits across states.
Question #40
The National Park Service is
A.
part of the Department of the Interior.
B.
part of the Department of Agriculture.
C.
an independent agency.
D.
a government corporation.
Question #41
There are approximately ________ military personnel currently in the United States.
A.
600,000
B.
900,000
C.
100,000
D.
1.3 million
Question #42
The Forest Service is an example of a(n) ________ while the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an example of a(n) ________.
A.
bureau-level agency; Cabinet-level department
B.
bureau-level agency; independent agency
C.
Cabinet-level department; bureau-level agency
D.
independent agency; bureau-level agency
Question #43
An independent agency is an executive branch organization that
A.
is established by Congress but not part of a Cabinet-level department.
B.
charges fees to consumers but carries out governmental responsibilities.
C.
is part of a Cabinet-level department.
D.
is established by the president without congressional approval.
Question #44
The ________ oversees border safety and security (including immigration and customs); emergency preparedness; science-related concerns pertaining to chemical, biological, and nuclear threats; and information and intelligence analysis and assessment.
A.
U.S. Army
B.
U.S. Marine Corps
C.
Department of Homeland Security
D.
secretary of defense
Question #45
Which of the following is the best description of an iron triangle?
A.
the stable relationship between a bureaucratic agency, a clientele group, and a legislative committee
B.
the inability to reform federal rules without help from the House of Representatives, the Senate, and the president
C.
the domination of a few large companies in the regulation of iron mining and smelting
D.
the breakdown in the separation of powers between Congress, the federal judiciary, and the president
Question #46
The largest employer in the country and the largest purchaser of goods and services in the world is
A.
Walmart.
B.
the U.S. federal government.
C.
Apple.
D.
Amazon.
Question #47
Which one of these has the authority to set interest rates and lending activities for the nation’s most important banks?
A.
the Federal Reserve System
B.
the Secretary of the Treasury
C.
the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
D.
the Internal Revenue Service
Question #48
Which of the following best describes the role of the solicitor general?
A.
The solicitor general is the chief lawyer for Congress who makes advisory opinions on the constitutionality of legislative proposals.
B.
The solicitor general is the chief legal counsel for the White House.
C.
The solicitor general is the head of the Department of Justice.
D.
The solicitor general is the lawyer who represents the United States before the Supreme Court in cases where the federal government is a party.
Question #49
More than ________ percent of all cases in the United States are heard in state courts.
A.
68
B.
50
C.
97
D.
33
Question #50
In all of American history, the Supreme Court has concluded that fewer than ________ acts of Congress have directly violated the Constitution.
A.
100
B.
50
C.
160
D.
18
Question #51
The Administrative Procedure Act is important in civil law because it
A.
governs agency rule making.
B.
sets the procedures for filing appellate cases in the federal court system.
C.
defines the jurisdiction of the various state court systems.
D.
sets the procedures for filing appellate cases in the various state court systems.
Question #52
What did the framers call the “least dangerous branch” of American government?
A.
the Supreme Court
B.
the president
C.
the bureaucracy
D.
Congress
Question #53
When a private individual brings a suit against a company for breaking a contract, this is an example of ________ law.
A.
constitutional
B.
common
C.
civil
D.
criminal
Question #54
If a defendant is charged with burglary, but admits to a lesser charge of trespassing in exchange for the prosecution dismissing the burglary charge and forgoing the criminal trial, it is an example of
A.
a quid pro quo.
B.
a plea bargain.
C.
an amicus curiae.
D.
a pro bono settlement.
Question #55
The assignment of the opinion in a Supreme Court case is
A.
important because differences in wording and emphasis can have important implications for how the decision is interpreted in future litigation.
B.
important because every word of a decision is legally binding.
C.
unimportant because all justices usually describe their decisions in exactly the same way.
D.
unimportant because the final vote of the justices is the only statement that carries any weight in future cases.
Question #56
In a typical tort case,
A.
the government immediately appeals the verdict if it loses.
B.
one individual charges that he or she has been injured by another’s negligence or malfeasance.
C.
the defendant is not allowed to appeal the verdict if he or she loses.
D.
the plaintiff is not allowed to appeal the verdict if he or she loses.
Question #57
Marbury v. Madison was decided in
A.
2016
B.
1789
C.
1803
D.
1911
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