A.   using categorical language when describing ethical issues

B.   keeping an open mind

C.   avoiding bumper sticker simplicity

D.   avoiding name calling

A.   relativism

B.   offhand self-justification

C.   dogmatism

D.   sound ethical thinking

A.   dogmatism

B.   sound ethical thinking

C.   offhand self justification

D.   relativism

A.   aim to live more comfortably

B.   seek out people with whom you do not agree

C.   let challenges stretch your mind

D.   seek out challenges

A.   limit your experience to what you know is true

B.   welcome challenges

C.   welcome change

D.   pursue the facts

A.   rules may conflict

B.   rules replace the need to think

C.   rules make life simpler

D.   rules are rough guides and have exceptions

A.   Jean Valjean stealing to feed a starving child

B.   lying to get out of trouble for something you’ve done wrong

C.   lying to hide fugitive slaves

D.   lying to shelter fugitives from the Nazis

A.   not eating shrimp and lobster

B.   not eating bacon, shrimp and lobster and not wearing garments made out of blended material and

C.   not eating bacon

D.   not wearing garments made out of blended material

A.   women were considered property of their fathers or husbands

B.   the biblical prophet Ezekial says Sodom was destroyed because of their homosexuality

C.   the main point of the story is not clear

D.   some of the values were different then than they are now

A.   Abraham agrees that Sodom should be destroyed

B.   Abraham thinks for himself

C.   God listened to Abraham

D.   Abraham bargains with God,

A.   include greed, lust, and gluttony

B.   include fairness, equality, responsibility, and respect

C.   may be organized into ethical theories

D.   describe the legitimate expectations of ourselves and others

A.   aims for the greatest balance of happiness over pain of suffering as a whole in the long run

B.   originated with Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill

C.   focuses on happiness

D.   seeks the greatest good of the smallest number

A.   it is essentially social

B.   it is concerned with the well being of others

C.   it is short term

D.   it is a rational aim

A.   believes individuals should be viewed as a “means to an end” and not “ends in themselves”

B.   regards persons as supremely valuable

C.   advocated by Martin Buber

D.   advocated by Immanuel Kant

A.   reduction of social pain and suffering

B.   equality for individuals regardless of gender, race or class

C.   moral and legal rights of the individual

D.   Kant’s Categorical Imperative

A.   be a color that blends in with the surroundings

B.   like to hunt

C.   not be frightened by loud noises

D.   be quiet

A.   virtues are traits that express and fulfill our rational nature, moral virtues are character traits that fulfill our essence as human beings,and by growing in these virtues we achieve our potential as humans

B.   moral virtues are character traits that fulfill our essence as human beings

C.   by growing in these virtues we achieve our potential as humans

D.   virtues are traits that express and fulfill our rational nature

A.   it makes the problem the problem

B.   it strives to get all sides as much as possible of what they want

C.   it focuses on shared interests rather than hard-line positions

D.   it is legalistic and judgmental

A.   it is an adversarial “winner take all” approach

B.   it is an overly simplistic and extreme approach

C.   the media tends to minimize “either/or” thinking

D.   it presents polarizing and irresolvable positions

A.   many pro-choice advocates are conflicted about abortion and although they would not choose it for themselves think it is a necessary option for others

B.   both pro-life and pro-choice share many essential values, although they may prioritize these values differently

C.   all of us are both pro-life and pro-choice in a general sense

D.   all pro-life advocates oppose abortion in all cases, even rape, incest, and when the life of the mother is at risk

A.   Kant (Ethics of the person) argues against assisted suicide

B.   virtue theory argues against assisted suicide

C.   virtue theory argues against assisted suicide, utilitarianism argues in favor of assisted suicide, and Kant (Ethics of the person) argues against assisted suicide

D.   utilitarianism argues in favor of assisted suicide

A.   finding the best balance between values at stake

B.   finding ways the underlying values and interests of both sides can be co-achieved

C.   picking the side you personally like the best

D.   trying to take into account the values on all sides

A.   it is a positive and appealing longer term alternative

B.   it finds a way of enthusiastically going forward together

C.   it “pushes” us towards a moral minimum by nagging us to do something

D.   it looks forward to a future and more complete resolution

A.   it was an improvisation and not planned in his original speech

B.   it is an excellent example of proclaiming a moral vision

C.   it is an excellent example of proclaiming a moral vision, it was an improvisation and not planned in his original speech, and it occurs at the end of his speech in the lasts only five minutes

D.   it occurs at the end of his speech in the lasts only five minutes

A.   it helps solve ethical problems by going beyond the norm

B.   it seeks to reframe the problem

C.   it is essential for practical problem solving

D.   it seeks to limit the possibilities

A.   full steam ahead method

B.   random word method

C.   exaggeration

D.   reversal

A.   homelessness in other cultures

B.   carefully administered hallucinogenic drugs

C.   abortion and animal research in Japan

D.   seven generation decision making of the American Indians

A.   ask if the problem can be prevented

B.   none of these

C.   revisit outlying parts of the problem

D.   view problems as a growth opportunity to be welcomed

A.   thought to be impossible to solve

B.   each side’s “solution” is unacceptable to the other side

C.   a problem with two sharply opposed options, each side’s “solution” is unacceptable to the other side, and thought to be impossible to solve

D.   a problem with two sharply opposed options

A.   Weston uses Sartre’s young friend as an example

B.   Weston uses Heinz’s dilemma as an example

C.   Weston maintains that dilemmas are indeed unsolvable

D.   Weston suggests we assume problems, even “dilemmas,” are solvable

A.   ethics and what we eat

B.   ethics and sex

C.   ethics and work

D.   ethics and money

A.   ethics and money

B.   ethics and work

C.   ethics and sex

D.   ethics and what we eat

A.   none of these

B.   patience

C.   explicitness

D.   attention

A.   none of these

B.   patience

C.   explicitness

D.   attention

A.   attention

B.   explicitness

C.   patience

D.   none of these

A.   Mandela

B.   Gandhi

C.   Anita Roddick

D.   Muhammed Yunus

A.   Gandhi

B.   Mandala

C.   Anita Roddick

D.   Mohammed Yunus

A.   an illustration

B.   a conditional statement

C.   a report

D.   one or more premises which are intended to prove or support a conclusion

A.   thus

B.   because

C.   consequently

D.   if follows that

A.   therefore

B.   given that

C.   since

D.   for

A.   attacking the motive

B.   look who’s talking (tu quoque)

C.   two wrongs make a right

D.   a personal attack (ad hominem)

A.   red herring

B.   straw man

C.   bandwagon argument

D.   scare tactics

A.   inconsistency

B.   slippery slope

C.   hasty generalization

D.   weak analogy

A.   loaded question

B.   false alternatives

C.   appeal to ignorance

D.   in appropriate appeal to authority

A.   number the steps of the argument

B.   fill in missing premises or conclusions

C.   put the conclusion first

D.   write in complete sentences

A.   try to use as many words as the original argument

B.   be charitable

C.   be accurate and don’t misrepresent

D.   take what is unclear and make it clear

A.   it is logically correct, i.e. either deductively sound or inductively cogent

B.   it is a persuasive argument

C.   it is well written or well spoken

D.   it agrees with my views

A.   determine if it is possible to refute a weak claim by reducing it to absurdity

B.   determine if it is possible to refute or weaken arguments with countervailing evidence

C.   determine if it is possible to attack the motives of the opposition

D.   determine if it is possible to refute statements by citing counterexamples

A.   choose and broaden your topic

B.   know yourself

C.   know your audience

D.   write a sentence that expresses your claim

A.   edit your work for grammatical mistakes

B.   show your work to someone else for their honest opinion

C.   hand it in only once it is perfect

D.   consider what you have not written, i.e. what you have left out of your paper

A.   dictionaries

B.   government documents

C.   encyclopedias

D.   human sources

A.   a paraphrase of another’s work does not need a citation

B.   direct quotes requires a citation

C.   statistics, surveys, obscure facts, and unique descriptions or examples need a citation

D.   well known facts and quotes do not need citation

A.   ascertain the author’s bias and purpose

B.   evaluate the author’s sources

C.   determine the author’s background

D.   assume if it has been written and published that it is true