A.   keeping an open mind

B.   using categorical language when describing ethical issues

C.   avoiding name calling

D.   avoiding bumper sticker simplicity

A.   sound ethical thinking

B.   relativism

C.   dogmatism

D.   offhand self-justification

A.   offhand self justification

B.   relativism

C.   dogmatism

D.   sound ethical thinking

A.   aim to live more comfortably

B.   seek out challenges

C.   seek out people with whom you do not agree

D.   let challenges stretch your mind

A.   pursue the facts

B.   welcome change

C.   welcome challenges

D.   limit your experience to what you know is true

A.   rules make life simpler

B.   rules may conflict

C.   rules replace the need to think

D.   rules are rough guides and have exceptions

A.   Jean Valjean stealing to feed a starving child

B.   lying to shelter fugitives from the Nazis

C.   lying to hide fugitive slaves

D.   lying to get out of trouble for something you’ve done wrong

A.   not eating bacon, shrimp and lobster and not wearing garments made out of blended material and

B.   not eating bacon

C.   not wearing garments made out of blended material

D.   not eating shrimp and lobster

A.   women were considered property of their fathers or husbands

B.   the biblical prophet Ezekial says Sodom was destroyed because of their homosexuality

C.   some of the values were different then than they are now

D.   the main point of the story is not clear

A.   Abraham agrees that Sodom should be destroyed

B.   Abraham bargains with God,

C.   Abraham thinks for himself

D.   God listened to Abraham

A.   include fairness, equality, responsibility, and respect

B.   may be organized into ethical theories

C.   describe the legitimate expectations of ourselves and others

D.   include greed, lust, and gluttony

A.   originated with Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill

B.   aims for the greatest balance of happiness over pain of suffering as a whole in the long run

C.   seeks the greatest good of the smallest number

D.   focuses on happiness

A.   it is short term

B.   it is a rational aim

C.   it is concerned with the well being of others

D.   it is essentially social

A.   believes individuals should be viewed as a “means to an end” and not “ends in themselves”

B.   advocated by Martin Buber

C.   regards persons as supremely valuable

D.   advocated by Immanuel Kant

A.   Kant’s Categorical Imperative

B.   moral and legal rights of the individual

C.   equality for individuals regardless of gender, race or class

D.   reduction of social pain and suffering

A.   not be frightened by loud noises

B.   be a color that blends in with the surroundings

C.   be quiet

D.   like to hunt

A.   virtues are traits that express and fulfill our rational nature

B.   virtues are traits that express and fulfill our rational nature, moral virtues are character traits that fulfill our essence as human beings,and by growing in these virtues we achieve our potential as humans

C.   by growing in these virtues we achieve our potential as humans

D.   moral virtues are character traits that fulfill our essence as human beings

A.   it is legalistic and judgmental

B.   it strives to get all sides as much as possible of what they want

C.   it focuses on shared interests rather than hard-line positions

D.   it makes the problem the problem

A.   it is an overly simplistic and extreme approach

B.   the media tends to minimize “either/or” thinking

C.   it is an adversarial “winner take all” approach

D.   it presents polarizing and irresolvable positions

A.   many pro-choice advocates are conflicted about abortion and although they would not choose it for themselves think it is a necessary option for others

B.   both pro-life and pro-choice share many essential values, although they may prioritize these values differently

C.   all pro-life advocates oppose abortion in all cases, even rape, incest, and when the life of the mother is at risk

D.   all of us are both pro-life and pro-choice in a general sense

A.   Kant (Ethics of the person) argues against assisted suicide

B.   virtue theory argues against assisted suicide, utilitarianism argues in favor of assisted suicide, and Kant (Ethics of the person) argues against assisted suicide

C.   utilitarianism argues in favor of assisted suicide

D.   virtue theory argues against assisted suicide

A.   picking the side you personally like the best

B.   trying to take into account the values on all sides

C.   finding the best balance between values at stake

D.   finding ways the underlying values and interests of both sides can be co-achieved

A.   it finds a way of enthusiastically going forward together

B.   it is a positive and appealing longer term alternative

C.   it looks forward to a future and more complete resolution

D.   it “pushes” us towards a moral minimum by nagging us to do something

A.   it was an improvisation and not planned in his original speech

B.   it occurs at the end of his speech in the lasts only five minutes

C.   it is an excellent example of proclaiming a moral vision, it was an improvisation and not planned in his original speech, and it occurs at the end of his speech in the lasts only five minutes

D.   it is an excellent example of proclaiming a moral vision

A.   it seeks to limit the possibilities

B.   it seeks to reframe the problem

C.   it is essential for practical problem solving

D.   it helps solve ethical problems by going beyond the norm

A.   exaggeration

B.   reversal

C.   full steam ahead method

D.   random word method

A.   carefully administered hallucinogenic drugs

B.   abortion and animal research in Japan

C.   seven generation decision making of the American Indians

D.   homelessness in other cultures

A.   revisit outlying parts of the problem

B.   view problems as a growth opportunity to be welcomed

C.   ask if the problem can be prevented

D.   none of these

A.   a problem with two sharply opposed options, each side’s “solution” is unacceptable to the other side, and thought to be impossible to solve

B.   a problem with two sharply opposed options

C.   thought to be impossible to solve

D.   each side’s “solution” is unacceptable to the other side

A.   Weston maintains that dilemmas are indeed unsolvable

B.   Weston uses Sartre’s young friend as an example

C.   Weston uses Heinz’s dilemma as an example

D.   Weston suggests we assume problems, even “dilemmas,” are solvable

A.   ethics and work

B.   ethics and sex

C.   ethics and money

D.   ethics and what we eat

A.   ethics and money

B.   ethics and work

C.   ethics and what we eat

D.   ethics and sex

A.   explicitness

B.   none of these

C.   patience

D.   attention

A.   none of these

B.   explicitness

C.   patience

D.   attention

A.   attention

B.   none of these

C.   patience

D.   explicitness

A.   Anita Roddick

B.   Mandela

C.   Muhammed Yunus

D.   Gandhi

A.   Mohammed Yunus

B.   Mandala

C.   Anita Roddick

D.   Gandhi

A.   a conditional statement

B.   one or more premises which are intended to prove or support a conclusion

C.   an illustration

D.   a report

A.   thus

B.   because

C.   consequently

D.   if follows that

A.   therefore

B.   since

C.   given that

D.   for

A.   two wrongs make a right

B.   look who’s talking (tu quoque)

C.   attacking the motive

D.   a personal attack (ad hominem)

A.   red herring

B.   straw man

C.   bandwagon argument

D.   scare tactics

A.   hasty generalization

B.   inconsistency

C.   slippery slope

D.   weak analogy

A.   loaded question

B.   false alternatives

C.   appeal to ignorance

D.   in appropriate appeal to authority

A.   number the steps of the argument

B.   write in complete sentences

C.   put the conclusion first

D.   fill in missing premises or conclusions

A.   take what is unclear and make it clear

B.   try to use as many words as the original argument

C.   be accurate and don’t misrepresent

D.   be charitable

A.   it agrees with my views

B.   it is a persuasive argument

C.   it is logically correct, i.e. either deductively sound or inductively cogent

D.   it is well written or well spoken

A.   determine if it is possible to refute statements by citing counterexamples

B.   determine if it is possible to refute a weak claim by reducing it to absurdity

C.   determine if it is possible to refute or weaken arguments with countervailing evidence

D.   determine if it is possible to attack the motives of the opposition

A.   know yourself

B.   write a sentence that expresses your claim

C.   know your audience

D.   choose and broaden your topic

A.   edit your work for grammatical mistakes

B.   consider what you have not written, i.e. what you have left out of your paper

C.   hand it in only once it is perfect

D.   show your work to someone else for their honest opinion

A.   encyclopedias

B.   human sources

C.   government documents

D.   dictionaries

A.   statistics, surveys, obscure facts, and unique descriptions or examples need a citation

B.   well known facts and quotes do not need citation

C.   a paraphrase of another’s work does not need a citation

D.   direct quotes requires a citation

A.   ascertain the author’s bias and purpose

B.   evaluate the author’s sources

C.   assume if it has been written and published that it is true

D.   determine the author’s background