A.   avoiding name calling

B.   keeping an open mind

C.   using categorical language when describing ethical issues

D.   avoiding bumper sticker simplicity

A.   offhand self-justification

B.   sound ethical thinking

C.   dogmatism

D.   relativism

A.   relativism

B.   sound ethical thinking

C.   dogmatism

D.   offhand self justification

A.   seek out challenges

B.   aim to live more comfortably

C.   seek out people with whom you do not agree

D.   let challenges stretch your mind

A.   limit your experience to what you know is true

B.   welcome change

C.   welcome challenges

D.   pursue the facts

A.   rules replace the need to think

B.   rules may conflict

C.   rules are rough guides and have exceptions

D.   rules make life simpler

A.   lying to hide fugitive slaves

B.   lying to get out of trouble for something you’ve done wrong

C.   lying to shelter fugitives from the Nazis

D.   Jean Valjean stealing to feed a starving child

A.   not eating bacon

B.   not eating bacon, shrimp and lobster and not wearing garments made out of blended material and

C.   not wearing garments made out of blended material

D.   not eating shrimp and lobster

A.   women were considered property of their fathers or husbands

B.   some of the values were different then than they are now

C.   the main point of the story is not clear

D.   the biblical prophet Ezekial says Sodom was destroyed because of their homosexuality

A.   Abraham thinks for himself

B.   God listened to Abraham

C.   Abraham bargains with God,

D.   Abraham agrees that Sodom should be destroyed

A.   include greed, lust, and gluttony

B.   include fairness, equality, responsibility, and respect

C.   may be organized into ethical theories

D.   describe the legitimate expectations of ourselves and others

A.   focuses on happiness

B.   aims for the greatest balance of happiness over pain of suffering as a whole in the long run

C.   originated with Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill

D.   seeks the greatest good of the smallest number

A.   it is concerned with the well being of others

B.   it is a rational aim

C.   it is short term

D.   it is essentially social

A.   advocated by Martin Buber

B.   regards persons as supremely valuable

C.   advocated by Immanuel Kant

D.   believes individuals should be viewed as a “means to an end” and not “ends in themselves”

A.   reduction of social pain and suffering

B.   equality for individuals regardless of gender, race or class

C.   Kant’s Categorical Imperative

D.   moral and legal rights of the individual

A.   like to hunt

B.   be a color that blends in with the surroundings

C.   not be frightened by loud noises

D.   be quiet

A.   virtues are traits that express and fulfill our rational nature

B.   virtues are traits that express and fulfill our rational nature, moral virtues are character traits that fulfill our essence as human beings,and by growing in these virtues we achieve our potential as humans

C.   moral virtues are character traits that fulfill our essence as human beings

D.   by growing in these virtues we achieve our potential as humans

A.   it is legalistic and judgmental

B.   it strives to get all sides as much as possible of what they want

C.   it focuses on shared interests rather than hard-line positions

D.   it makes the problem the problem

A.   the media tends to minimize “either/or” thinking

B.   it is an overly simplistic and extreme approach

C.   it is an adversarial “winner take all” approach

D.   it presents polarizing and irresolvable positions

A.   many pro-choice advocates are conflicted about abortion and although they would not choose it for themselves think it is a necessary option for others

B.   all pro-life advocates oppose abortion in all cases, even rape, incest, and when the life of the mother is at risk

C.   both pro-life and pro-choice share many essential values, although they may prioritize these values differently

D.   all of us are both pro-life and pro-choice in a general sense

A.   utilitarianism argues in favor of assisted suicide

B.   Kant (Ethics of the person) argues against assisted suicide

C.   virtue theory argues against assisted suicide

D.   virtue theory argues against assisted suicide, utilitarianism argues in favor of assisted suicide, and Kant (Ethics of the person) argues against assisted suicide

A.   finding ways the underlying values and interests of both sides can be co-achieved

B.   trying to take into account the values on all sides

C.   finding the best balance between values at stake

D.   picking the side you personally like the best

A.   it looks forward to a future and more complete resolution

B.   it “pushes” us towards a moral minimum by nagging us to do something

C.   it finds a way of enthusiastically going forward together

D.   it is a positive and appealing longer term alternative

A.   it occurs at the end of his speech in the lasts only five minutes

B.   it is an excellent example of proclaiming a moral vision

C.   it was an improvisation and not planned in his original speech

D.   it is an excellent example of proclaiming a moral vision, it was an improvisation and not planned in his original speech, and it occurs at the end of his speech in the lasts only five minutes

A.   it helps solve ethical problems by going beyond the norm

B.   it seeks to reframe the problem

C.   it is essential for practical problem solving

D.   it seeks to limit the possibilities

A.   exaggeration

B.   full steam ahead method

C.   random word method

D.   reversal

A.   abortion and animal research in Japan

B.   carefully administered hallucinogenic drugs

C.   seven generation decision making of the American Indians

D.   homelessness in other cultures

A.   ask if the problem can be prevented

B.   none of these

C.   view problems as a growth opportunity to be welcomed

D.   revisit outlying parts of the problem

A.   each side’s “solution” is unacceptable to the other side

B.   thought to be impossible to solve

C.   a problem with two sharply opposed options

D.   a problem with two sharply opposed options, each side’s “solution” is unacceptable to the other side, and thought to be impossible to solve

A.   Weston uses Heinz’s dilemma as an example

B.   Weston maintains that dilemmas are indeed unsolvable

C.   Weston suggests we assume problems, even “dilemmas,” are solvable

D.   Weston uses Sartre’s young friend as an example

A.   ethics and work

B.   ethics and money

C.   ethics and sex

D.   ethics and what we eat

A.   ethics and what we eat

B.   ethics and work

C.   ethics and money

D.   ethics and sex

A.   attention

B.   explicitness

C.   none of these

D.   patience

A.   explicitness

B.   attention

C.   patience

D.   none of these

A.   none of these

B.   explicitness

C.   attention

D.   patience

A.   Mandela

B.   Gandhi

C.   Muhammed Yunus

D.   Anita Roddick

A.   Anita Roddick

B.   Mohammed Yunus

C.   Gandhi

D.   Mandala

A.   a report

B.   an illustration

C.   one or more premises which are intended to prove or support a conclusion

D.   a conditional statement

A.   consequently

B.   thus

C.   because

D.   if follows that

A.   given that

B.   therefore

C.   for

D.   since

A.   attacking the motive

B.   a personal attack (ad hominem)

C.   look who’s talking (tu quoque)

D.   two wrongs make a right

A.   straw man

B.   scare tactics

C.   red herring

D.   bandwagon argument

A.   slippery slope

B.   inconsistency

C.   hasty generalization

D.   weak analogy

A.   appeal to ignorance

B.   false alternatives

C.   loaded question

D.   in appropriate appeal to authority

A.   fill in missing premises or conclusions

B.   number the steps of the argument

C.   write in complete sentences

D.   put the conclusion first

A.   take what is unclear and make it clear

B.   be accurate and don’t misrepresent

C.   be charitable

D.   try to use as many words as the original argument

A.   it is well written or well spoken

B.   it is a persuasive argument

C.   it is logically correct, i.e. either deductively sound or inductively cogent

D.   it agrees with my views

A.   determine if it is possible to attack the motives of the opposition

B.   determine if it is possible to refute a weak claim by reducing it to absurdity

C.   determine if it is possible to refute statements by citing counterexamples

D.   determine if it is possible to refute or weaken arguments with countervailing evidence

A.   choose and broaden your topic

B.   know your audience

C.   know yourself

D.   write a sentence that expresses your claim

A.   consider what you have not written, i.e. what you have left out of your paper

B.   edit your work for grammatical mistakes

C.   hand it in only once it is perfect

D.   show your work to someone else for their honest opinion

A.   human sources

B.   encyclopedias

C.   government documents

D.   dictionaries

A.   a paraphrase of another’s work does not need a citation

B.   statistics, surveys, obscure facts, and unique descriptions or examples need a citation

C.   direct quotes requires a citation

D.   well known facts and quotes do not need citation

A.   assume if it has been written and published that it is true

B.   determine the author’s background

C.   ascertain the author’s bias and purpose

D.   evaluate the author’s sources