According to Gibson ethical theory rests on the foundational belief of justice.

According to the Libertarian View it is fundamentally unfair if Bill Gates were to win the lottery, even if he bought a ticket like everyone else.

Egalitarian View advocates redistribution of rights and property in order to achieve equality of opportunity and an equal share for everyone.

Modern utilitarians prefer the concept of “personal preference” to Mill’s idea of “intrinsic good,” because it is easier to measure.

Utilitarianism may pose a threat to minority groups or individual dissenters.

The story of Desmond T. Doss who saved 75 lives in one day during the battle for Hacksaw Ridge during World War II illustrates “Sour Grapes” syndrome.

The results of utilitarianism are always fair.

Kant believed that moral problems could be solved like mathematical problems without relying on outside evidence.

George W. Merck’s statement, “We try never to forget medicine is for the people. It is not for the profits.” illustrates Kant’s view that the highest good comes from performing an act for the sake of goodness itself, not for the outcome.

The Tradition View of capitalism and the Kantian Capital View mean virtually the same thing.

Edward Freeman’s definition of “stakeholder” includes customers, suppliers, and the community.

Kantian approaches form the foundations for the basic ideas that make capitalism work for everyone.

“Swiftboating” is a positive expression of virtue theory that points out a person’s positive virtues.

Virtues are expressed in a particular context, such as war, music, business, or the arts.

Virtue theory suggests that the environment of a firm must be conducive to individual’s developing their own virtues in order to be happy and have rewarding lives.

Corporate culture is based upon written corporate policies.

The “good Nazi” problem of virtue theory describes the problem of a “virtuous” person working for a corrupt and evil system.

Adam Smith, author of The Wealth of Nations, thought it was a good idea for business people to serve as rulers of government.

Ethical theory will always provide a direct recipe for right action.

The wider context of business ethics is Capitalism.