Microbiology 020 - General Microbiology » Fall 2021 » Exam 1

Need help with your exam preparation?

Question #1
The _____ of the microscope holds and allows selection of the objective lenses.
A.   nosepiece
B.   condenser
C.   objective
D.   ocular
E.   stage
Question #2
The site(s) for most ATP synthesis in bacterial cells is(are) the _______.
A.   inclusions
B.   ribosomes
C.   mitochondria
D.   cell wall
E.   cell membrane
Question #3
Peptidoglycan is a unique macromolecule found in bacterial _______.
A.   capsules
B.   cell walls
C.   cell membranes
D.   inclusions
E.   slime layers
Question #4
In eukaryotic cells, ribosomes have two locations: scattered in the ________ and on the surface of the _________.
A.   cytoplasm; endoplasmic reticulum
B.   nucleus; endoplasmic reticulum
C.   cytoplasm; Golgi apparatus
D.   nucleus; Golgi apparatus
Question #5
A microbiologist inoculates Staphylococcus aureus into a culture medium. Following incubation, both Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis are determined to be growing in this culture. What is the most likely explanation?
A.   The incubation temperature was incorrect.
B.   The microbiologist used too much inoculum.
C.   The culture medium must be selective.
D.   The culture is contaminated.
E.   The culture medium must be differential.
Question #6
Mitochondria possess all of the following except ________.
A.   enzymes for photosynthesis
B.   electron transport chain proteins
C.   enzymes for metabolism
D.   70S ribosomes (prokaryote)
E.   cristae
Question #7
Which of the features listed below is not found in all cells?
A.   Nucleus
B.   Cytoplasmic membrane
C.   DNA
D.   Ribosomes
Question #8
What part of a phospholipid forms hydrophobic tails?
A.   Fatty acids
B.   Phosphate
C.   Alcohol
D.   All of the choices are correct.
E.   Glycerol
Question #9
Which of the following is not a function of the eukaryote glycocalyx?
A.   Reception of chemical signals
B.   Protection
C.   All of the choices are functions.
D.   Movement
E.   Adherence
Question #10
Spirochetes have a twisting and flexing locomotion due to appendages called _______.
A.   cilia
B.   fimbriae
C.   flagella
D.   sex pili
E.   periplasmic flagella (axial filaments)
Question #11
A fat is called ______ if all carbons of the fatty acid chain are single bonded to two other carbons and two hydrogens.
A.   polyunsaturated
B.   None of the choices are correct.
C.   saturated
D.   unsaturated
E.   monounsaturated
Question #12
Lysozyme is most effective against _______.
A.   archaea
B.   mycoplasmas
C.   gram-positive organisms
D.   cyanobacteria
E.   gram-negative organisms
Question #13
Which of the following is not an inoculating tool?
A.   Pipette
B.   Needle
C.   Loop
D.   Petri dish
E.   Swab
Question #14
The cell's series of tunnel-like membranes functioning in transport and storage are the _______.
A.   endoplasmic reticulum
B.   Golgi apparatus
C.   chloroplasts
D.   lysosomes
E.   mitochondria
Question #15
Which method often results in colonies developing down throughout the agar along with some colonies on the surface?
A.   Spread plate
B.   Pour plate
C.   All of the choices are correct.
D.   None of the choices are correct.
E.   Streak plate
Question #16
Helminths are _____.
A.   infectious particles
B.   molds
C.   protozoa
D.   parasitic worms
E.   bacteria
Question #17
The term that refers to the purposeful addition of microorganisms into a laboratory nutrient medium is _____.
A.   infection
B.   immunization
C.   contamination
D.   isolation
E.   inoculation
Question #18
When a eukaryotic cell is not undergoing mitosis, the DNA and its associated proteins appear as a visible network of dark fibers called the _____.
A.   chromatin
B.   nucleoplasm
C.   nuclear envelope
D.   nucleolus
E.   nucleosome
Question #19
Which is not a characteristic of fungi?
A.   Can use a wide variety of nutrients
B.   Include single-celled and filamentous forms
C.   Photosynthetic
D.   Have cell walls
E.   Heterotrophic nutrition
Question #20
The cell _______ can be composed of three layers: the cytoplasmic membrane, the cell wall, and the outer membrane.
A.   pathogenic package
B.   None of the choices is correct.
C.   envelope
D.   slime coat
E.   glycocalyx
Question #21
Which of the following is found in eukaryotic cells but not in the cells of bacteria?
A.   Lysosomes
B.   All of the choices are correct.
C.   Endoplasmic reticulum
D.   Nucleus
E.   Mitochondria
Question #22
Protists include ______.
A.   All of the choices are correct.
B.   helminths
C.   algae and protozoa
D.   yeasts and molds
E.   None of the choices are correct.
Question #23
The best definition of endosymbiosis is ________.
A.   A pre-eukaryotic cell was infected by a prokaryote, and symbiosis between the two cell types gave rise to the modern-day eukaryotic cell
B.   A DNA virus, a bacteria and a photosynthetic prokaryote fused to form a nucleus, a chloroplast and a mitochondria
C.   A photosynthetic bacterial cell and an aerobic bacterial cell fused to become a larger, eukaryotic cell
D.   A eukaryotic cell ingested a bacterial cell and the organelles fused producing a larger cell
Question #24
Movement of a cell toward a chemical stimulus is termed _______.
A.   negative phototaxis
B.   positive phototaxis
C.   negative chemotaxis
D.   a tumble
E.   positive chemotaxis
Question #25
A nutrient medium that contains at least one ingredient that is NOT chemically definable would be termed _____.
A.   complex
B.   minimal
C.   enriched
D.   synthetic
E.   reducing
Question #26
The first primitive eukaryotic cells likely evolved from ______.
A.   None of the choices are correct.
B.   prokaryotes
C.   bacteria
D.   the last common ancestor
E.   archaea
Question #27
Which of the following is a unique characteristic of viruses that distinguishes them from the other major groups of microorganisms?
A.   Lack cell structure
B.   Cannot be seen without a microscope
C.   Lack a nucleus
D.   Cause human disease
E.   Contain genetic material
Question #28
The correct microbiological term for the tiny sample of specimen that is put into a nutrient medium in order to produce a culture is the _____.
A.   incubator
B.   loop
C.   colony
D.   streak
E.   inoculum
Question #29
The Gram staining procedure is best described as a(n) _______ staining technique.
A.   capsule
B.   flagellar
C.   simple
D.   differential
E.   acid-fast or Ziehl-Neelson
Question #30
The purpose of staining cells on a microscope slide is to ______.
A.   secure them to the slide
B.   see motility
C.   kill them
D.   enlarge the cells
E.   add contrast in order to see them better
Question #31
Choose the statement that best describes the role of mitochondria.
A.   Assemble amino acids into polypeptides
B.   Store the genetic information of the cell
C.   Provide cell with energy through cell respiration
D.   Control the transport of materials into and out of the cell
E.   Contain hydrolytic enzymes to digest macromolecules
Question #32
Which term is not used to describe bacterial cell shapes?
A.   Vibrio
B.   Tetrad
C.   Coccus
D.   Spirochete
E.   Rod
Question #33
The group of protozoa that have gliding motility are the _______.
A.   amoeba/sarcodina
B.   apicomplexa/sporozoa
C.   None of the choices are correct.
D.   mastigophora
E.   ciliophora
Question #34
Agar is a complex polysaccharide that comes from a(n) _____.
A.   mold
B.   green plant
C.   euglena
D.   fungus
E.   algae
Question #35
Organic chemicals always have a basic framework of the element _____ bonded to other atoms.
A.   carbon
B.   hydrogen
C.   phosphorous
D.   nitrogen
E.   oxygen
Question #36
Chemotaxis refers to the ability to ________.
A.   None of the choices is correct.
B.   move in response to light
C.   move in response to a chemical
D.   not move in response to a chemical
E.   transport desired molecules into cells
Question #37
  
A.   nucleotides
B.   monosaccharides
C.   amino acids
D.   glycerol and fatty acids
E.   phosphate, glycerol, and fatty acids
Question #38
A bacterial cell wall that has primarily peptidoglycan with small amounts of teichoic acid and lipoteichoic acid is _______.
A.   a spheroplast
B.   gram-positive
C.   found in archaea
D.   acid fast
E.   gram-negative
Question #39
Which of the following does not pertain to endotoxin?
A.   It is involved in typhoid fever and some meningitis cases
B.   It is found in acid-fast bacterial cell walls
C.   It can stimulate fever in the human body
D.   It is a specific cell wall lipid
E.   It can cause septic shock in the human body
Question #40
Purines and pyrimidines are components in the building block units of all _____.
A.   carbohydrates
B.   enzymes
C.   polysaccharides
D.   nucleic acids
E.   amino acids
Question #41
Which of the following are mismatched?
A.   Heterotroph - synthesize organic nutrients using light energy and CO2
B.   Saprobe - obtain nutrients from the remains of dead plants and animals
C.   Parasite - obtain nutrients from a living organism to the detriment of that organism
Question #42
The lipid group that serves as energy storage molecules is _____.
A.   triglycerides
B.   prostaglandins
C.   steroids
D.   waxes
E.   phospholipids
Question #43
Which of the following is not a benefit of agar as a solid medium?
A.   Can be inoculated and poured at a temperature that is not harmful
B.   Holds moisture
C.   Is digested by most microbes
D.   Has flexibility
E.   Is solid at room temperature
Question #44
The type of microscope in which you would see brightly illuminated specimens against a black background is _____.
A.   electron
B.   bright field
C.   phase contrast
D.   dark field
E.   fluorescence
Question #45
The passageways in the nuclear envelope for movement of substances to and from the nucleus and cytoplasm are called nuclear ________.
A.   endoplasmic reticulum
B.   inclusions
C.   pores
D.   histones
E.   chromatin
Question #46
  
A.   Protozoan cysts are a reproductive stage.
B.   Protozoan cysts are the active, growing stage of the organism.
C.   Protozoan cysts are necessary for the infection of intermediate hosts while the trophozoites are the stage that infects definitive hosts.
D.   Protozoan cysts are a survival form that allows them to survive adverse environmental conditions between hosts.
Question #47
The enzyme _______, found in tears and saliva, can hydrolyze the bonds in the glycan chains of certain bacterial cell walls.
A.   peptidase
B.   None of the choices are correct.
C.   All of the choices are correct.
D.   lysozyme
E.   penicillinase
Question #48
The two functions of bacterial appendages are ________.
A.   motility and slime production
B.   energy reactions and synthesis
C.   attachment and protection
D.   protection and motility
E.   attachment and motility
Question #49
There are nine peripheral pairs and one central pair of _______ found inside eukaryotic flagella and cilia.
A.   filaments
B.   microtubules
C.   None of the choices are correct.
D.   flagella
E.   Cilia
Question #50
Most biochemical macromolecules are polymers, which are chains of ______.
A.   repeating monomers
B.   hydrogen bonds
C.   repeating carbohydrates
D.   electrolytic molecules
E.   hydrophobic molecules

Need help with your exam preparation?