California State University, Northridge » Psychology » Psychology 150 - Introduction to Psychology » Fall 2021

Psychology 150 - Introduction to Psychology » Fall 2021 » Week 9 Step 4 Recall Noba Module 9

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Question #1

When he is talking to his best friend, Tom says, “Damon and I are going out for dinner.” When he is talking to a stranger, Tom says, “My partner Damon and I are going out to dinner.” Crafting what you say based on the knowledge of the person you are speaking to is called ______.

A. whole-phrase adjustment

B. audience design

C. listener variation

D. semantic adjudication

E. linguistic morphology

Question #2

The basic notion that the language used by a given group of people has a significant impact on how they think is called the ______hypothesis, after its original founder(s).

A. Hoffman-Lau

B. Chomsky

C. Sapir-Whorf

D. James-Lange

E. Eckman

Question #3

The words and expressions that we use--our very vocabulary for communication--comprise the ______of our language.

A. phonemes

B. grammar

C. morphemes

D. lexicon

E. syntax

Question #4

Ramon is thinking about breaking up with Thomas and shares this with his best friend. In a matter of hours, Thomas hears that his boyfriend is planning to end their relationship. This information has traveled through a ______.

A. affective cluster

B. social network

C. peer traverse

D. rumor circle

E. activation cluster

Question #5

If psychology is the science of behavior, then the ______of language must be one its most central topics, since it exists for almost all human beings.

A. surface structure

B. deep structure

C. translation

D. use

E. lack

Question #6

On Monday morning, Sarkis asks Jason, “Did you see that amazing game yesterday?” Sarkis assumes that Jason knows which game he is talking about. This assumption of shared information is called ______in language.

A. latent content

B. deep structure

C. surface structure

D. manifest content

E. common ground

Question #7

Jian is telling his friend Laverne about sailing this past weekend, and Laverne immediately begins to imagine the boat and waves. She is using a ______to understand Jian’s experience.

A. mnemonic device

B. situation model

D. dispositional attribution

E. priming cue

F. mental set

Question #8

According to the linguistic intergroup bias, people tend to use ______to characterize their ingroup more positively and outgroups more negatively.

A. abstract expressions

B. superordinate concepts

C. prototypes

D. concrete expressions

E. subordinate concepts

Question #9

Akari meets Dee from Australia and is very attentive to Dee’s accent. If Akari is like most people, what will she start doing?

A. She will assume that Dee is highly intelligent and will seek opportunities to work with her.

B. She will begin to speak at a slower pace, assuming that Dee is having difficulty understanding her.

C. She will avoid Dee, because foreign accents make most people self-conscious.

D. She will start mimicking the accent in conversations with Dee without realizing it.

E. She will try to say smart things, because foreign accents are associated with intelligence.

Question #10

Which of the following scenarios would provide support for the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis?

A. People use a word incorrectly; eventually the culture adapts and accepts this incorrect word as a new “correct” word.

B. As Vincent sees commercials for beer during the Super Bowl, he wants to go to his kitchen and get a beer.

C. Charisse is thinking of her upcoming job interview; she repeats positive affirmations to make herself feel more confident.

D. A culture has no word for the value of “zero”; members of this group do not conceive of a situation where there is an absence of value.

E. Slipping brief images of words into a television show – such as “buy cookies” – will cause people to have a sudden desire to follow the instructions of those words.

Question #11

______occurs when thinking about one concept causes you to think about other related concepts.

A. Acquisition

B. Phonic deconstruction

C. Linguistic relativity

D. Priming

E. Lacing

Question #12

According to the ______hypothesis, human brains have evolved so that people can maintain larger ingroups.

A. social brain

B. corpus fundamentum

C. cerebral growth

D. neuroscience

E. primary cerebration

Question #13

As two people have a conversation, a set of utterances that communicates comprehension between them--which might include “yeah,” “sure,” or “mm-hmm”--is called an ______pair.

A. adjacency

B. affirmative

C. exchanging

D. interactive

E. acknowledgement

Question #14

Consider these two sentences: “The boy was sick from eating so much ice cream,” and, “That boy ate so much ice cream, it made him sick.” These sentences have similar ______but different syntax.

A. lexicons

B. morphemes

C. grammar

D. mnemonics

E. surface structure

Question #15

According to research, about ______percent of the conversations we have happen in groups of 4 or fewer individuals.

A. 50

B. 70

C. 90

D. 10

E. 30

Question #16

Braden is a member of the guitar club at his college, and attends meetings on a weekly basis. People who are members of Braden’s group would be an example of a(n) ______, while those in the “other” club (The Drum Society) are a(n) outgroup.

A. exemplar

B. social more

C. prototype

D. social norm

E. ingroup

Question #17

A ______model is a mental representation of an event, object, or situation created at the time of hearing or reading a linguistic description.

A. schematized

B. scripted

C. morphemic

D. situation

E. disposition

Question #18

The rules for how we arrange words and expressions together to communicate in a meaningful and understandable way are called the ______of language.

A. morphemes

B. syntax

C. phonemes

D. phonics

E. deep structure

Question #19

Constructing or adjusting utterances to suit what your listener already knows is called ______.

A. first-person perspective

B. reciprocal reception

C. psycholinguistic change

D. audience design

E. third-person perspective

Question #20

______is information, often taken for granted, that is shared by people who engage each other in conversation.

A. Common ground

B. Whole-word comprehension

C. Linguistic data

D. Language sharing

E. Psycholinguistics

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