Microbiology 020 - General Microbiology » Fall 2021 » Microbial Metabolism 2

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Question #1
Many coenzymes are formed from ______.
A.   metals
B.   proteins
C.   vitamins
D.   substrates
Question #2
Energy is carried from catabolic to anabolic reactions in the form of _______.
A.   high-energy ATP bonds
B.   coenzymes
C.   inorganic phosphate
D.   ADP
Question #3
Enzymes that can be shut down or activated based on the presence of chemicals in their environment are called ________.
A.   constitutive
B.   regulated
C.   holoenzymes
D.   repressed
Question #4
Enzymes are ________.
A.   proteins
B.   nucleic acids
C.   steroids
D.   lipids
Question #5
Which of the following binds to the active site of an enzyme?
A.   Any other enzyme
B.   Water
C.   None of the choices are correct.
D.   Product
E.   Substrate
Question #6
Which of the following correctly represents the mechanism of enzyme function, where S is "substrate" and E is "enzyme" and P is "product"?
A.   E + P -> E-P -> E-S -> E + S
B.   E + S -> E-P -> E-S -> E + S
C.   E + S -> E-S -> E-P -> E + P
D.   S + P -> E-P -> E + P
E.   E + P -> E-S -> E-P -> E + P
Question #7
Which of the following statement(s) about biochemical pathways is(are) TRUE?
A.   They are very well organized and structured, they convert an initial substrate via a series of steps into an end product, and they can only function for a few runs
B.   They are very well organized and structured and they convert an initial substrate via a series of steps into an end product
C.   They can only function for a few runs
D.   They convert an initial substrate via a series of steps into an end product
E.   They are very well organized and structured
Question #8
Consider the biochemical pathway: A – E1 –> B – E2 –> C Enzyme 1 can utilize ________.
A.   only A as substrate
B.   either A or B as substrate, but not both
C.   only B as substrate
D.   both A and B as substrates
E.   neither A nor B as substrate
Question #9
Consider the biochemical pathway: A – E1 –> B – E2 –> C If Enzyme 2 is inactive, which of the following compounds will accumulate?
A.   A only
B.   C only
C.   B and C
D.   B only
E.   A and B
Question #10
Cells obtain energy by ________ food molecules such as glucose.
A.   oxidizing
B.   phosphorylating
C.   reducing
D.   anabolizing
E.   redoxing
Question #11
Which of the following best describes the reduction of the coenzyme NAD+?
A.   NAD+ + H -> NADH
B.   NAD+ + H -> NADH2
C.   NADH -> NAD + H
D.   NADH -> NAD+ + H
Question #12
Oxidation-reduction reactions are catalyzed by ________.
A.   lipids
B.   protons
C.   polysaccharides
D.   electrons
E.   enzymes
Question #13
Protons received from NADH ________.
A.   are pumped outside the cell
B.   are the terminal electron acceptors
C.   act as coenzymes
D.   are passed along the electron transport chain along with the electrons
Question #14
Oxygen acts as ________.
A.   a coenzyme
B.   a reducing agent
C.   the terminal electron acceptor
D.   a carrier of electrons, passing electrons down the chain
Question #15
When protons are pumped outside the cell membrane, ________.
A.   NADH gets reduced
B.   electrons are lost
C.   water is made
D.   a proton motive force is created
Question #16
A hydrogen atom consists of a proton and a pair of electrons.
A.   FALSE
B.   TRUE
Question #17
The energy captured in the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP comes from the proton motive force created in respiration.
A.   TRUE
B.   FALSE
Question #18
Proton pumps are protein complexes that ________.
A.   pump protons from the interior of the cell to the exterior
B.   pump protons and electrons through the cell membrane
C.   synthesize water from hydrogen and oxygen
D.   pump protons from the exterior of the cell to the interior
E.   break down water into hydrogen and oxygen
Question #19
Synthesis of ATP via a proton gradient is called ________.
A.   Krebs cycle
B.   cyclophosphorylation
C.   glycolysis
D.   chemiosmosis
E.   substrate-level phosphorylation
Question #20
Which of the following is the enzyme used to synthesize ATP?
A.   ATP kinase
B.   ATP hydrolase
C.   None of the choices are correct.
D.   ATP phosphodiesterase
E.   ATP phosphorylase

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