Chem 221 - Biochemistry for Science Majors » Fall 2021 » L13 Lipids
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Question #1
What term describes molecules that have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties?
A.
amphoteric
B.
amphipathic
C.
amphiprotic
D.
amphibian
Question #2
Which of the following molecules or substances contain, or are derived from, fatty acids?
A.
Beeswax
B.
Glycolipids
C.
Triacylglycerols
D.
Sphingolipids
E.
All of the above contain or are derived from fatty acids.
Question #3
Triacylglycerols are composed of:
A.
a glycerol backbone and three fatty acids
B.
a glycerol backbone and amide linkages between the fatty acids and the glycerol
C.
a glycerol backbone, three fatty acids , and amide linkages between the fatty acids and the glycerol
Question #4
Biological waxes are all:
A.
B.
esters of single fatty acids with long-chain alcohols
C.
triesters of glycerol and palmitic acid
D.
sphingolipids
E.
triesters of glycerol and three long chain saturated fatty acids
F.
None of the above
Question #5
Which of the following best describes the cholesterol molecule?
A.
Nonpolar, charged
B.
Nonpolar, uncharged
C.
Polar, uncharged
D.
Amphipathic
E.
Polar, charged
Question #6
Triacylglycerols are
A.
soluble in water at elevated temperature
B.
soluble in water
C.
partially soluble in water
D.
insoluble in water
Question #7
Phospholipid contains
A.
hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails
B.
long water-soluble carbon chains
C.
positively charged functional groups
D.
long water-soluble carbon chains and positively charged functional groups
Question #8
Lipids with four fused carbon rings and various functional groups attached are known as
A.
phospholipids
B.
fatty acids
C.
saturated fats
D.
steroids
E.
chitin
Question #9
Substances originating in plant or animal material and soluble in non-polar organic solvents are classified as
A.
proteins
B.
lipids
C.
amino acids
D.
carbohydrates
E.
nucleic acids
Question #10
Biomolecules classified as lipids are
A.
polymers of α-amino acids.
B.
soluble in non-polar solvents.
C.
polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones, or compounds which produce those when hydrolyzed.
D.
six-membered rings with delocalized electrons.
E.
polymers of diacids and diamines.
Question #11
Biomolecules can be classified as lipids on the basis of
A.
the presence of many hydroxyl groups and at least one carbonyl group.
B.
a common structure consisting of long hydrocarbon chains.
C.
the physical properties of odor, color, and melting point within certain guidelines.
D.
the physical property of solubility in nonpolar organic solvents.
E.
the presence of at least one amine group and one carboxylic acid group on each molecule.
Question #12
Most naturally occurring monounsaturated fatty acids can be classified as which of the following?
A.
D
B.
trans
C.
cis
D.
L
Question #13
Which molecule is a fatty acid?
A.
CH2=CHCOOH
B.
(CH3)2CH(CH2)3COOH
C.
CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOH
D.
CH3COOH
E.
None of the above
Question #14
Which molecule is a saturated fatty acid?
A.
(CH3)2CH(CH2)3COOH
B.
CH3CH=CHCH2COOH
C.
CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOH
D.
CH3(CH2)14COOH
E.
None of the above
Question #15
Triglycerides belong to which general class of organic molecules.
A.
ketones
B.
ethers
C.
carboxylic acids
D.
esters
E.
alcohols
Question #16
Which of the following is NOT a biochemical function of waxes?
A.
Structural materials in beehives
B.
Waterproofing of feathers in shore birds
C.
Physical protection of mammalian ears
D.
Energy storage for animals
E.
Prevention of water loss by leaves
Question #17
The chemical makeup of fats is
A.
esters of glycerol with three predominantly unsaturated fatty acids
B.
esters of glycerol with three predominantly saturated fatty acids
C.
esters of glycerol with three identical saturated fatty acids
D.
simple esters of long chain alcohols and fatty acids
E.
esters of glycerol with three identical unsaturated fatty acids
Question #18
The product of an esterification reaction between which of the following molecules would be an oil? I. CH3(CH2)14COOH II. CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOH III. HOCH2CH2OH IV. HOCH2CH(OH)CH2OH
A.
II and IV
B.
II and III
C.
I and IV
D.
I and III
E.
I and II
Question #19
Which reaction can be used to convert oils into fats?
A.
saponification
B.
esterification
C.
hydrogenation
D.
dehydration
E.
hydrolysis
Question #20
Fats and oils are respectively rich in
A.
saturated fatty acids
B.
unsaturated fatty acids
C.
saturated and unsaturated fatty acids
D.
none of these
Question #21
Which of the following is TRUE about glycerophospholipids?
A.
Glycerophospholipids can sometimes be sphingolipids, depending on the bonds in their head groups
B.
Glycerophospholipids have only one glycerol, on polar head group, and one fatty acid tail
C.
Glycerophospholipids are a subset (subgroup) of phospholipids
D.
Glycerophospholipids contain only saturated fatty acids
Question #22
Triglycerides containing saturated fatty acids tend to be solid at room temperature
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #23
Triglycerides containing unsaturated fatty acids tend to be solid at room temperature
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #24
Octadecanoic acid has a higher boiling point than hexadecanoic acid.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #25
Choose the amphipatic molecules.
A.
waxes
B.
Fatty acids and waxes
C.
cholesterol
D.
Glycerophospholipids, cholesterol and fatty acids
E.
cholesterol and waxes
Question #26
Which of the following occurs when a greasy plate is placed in soapy water and scrubbed?
A.
The soap froths but does not actually bond with the grease.
B.
The hydrophobic tail of the soap bonds to grease.
C.
The hydrophobic tail of the soap bonds to water.
D.
The hydrophilic head of the soap bonds to grease.
Question #27
The molecular formula of glycerol is …
A.
C4H10O4
B.
C2H6O2
C.
CH3OH
D.
C3H8O3
Question #28
Which of the following lipids will give a single molecule of fatty acid when hydrolyzed?
A.
fat
B.
wax
C.
glycerophospholipid
D.
steroid
Question #29
The products of the acid catalyzed hydrolysis of a fat are ________.
A.
salts of fatty acids
B.
fatty acids and glycerol
C.
glycerophospholipids
D.
salts of fatty acids and glycerol
E.
the esters of fatty acids
Question #30
Micelles of fatty acids in water are organized such that the ___ face the solvent and the ___ are directed toward the interior.
A.
carboxylic acid groups; hydrocarbon chains
B.
hydrophobic tails; hydrophilic heads
C.
hydrocarbon chains; carboxylic acid groups
D.
hydrophilic heads; hydrophobic tails
E.
The first and second answers are both correct
Question #31
What type of bonds found between carbon atoms cause fats to form kinks?
A.
polar
B.
ionic
C.
double
D.
proton
Question #32
What is the key difference between phospholipids and fats?
A.
Fats have glycerol
B.
Phosphoplipids do not have glycerol
C.
Phospholipids have three fatty acids and fats have two
D.
Phospholipids have two fatty acids and fats have three
Question #33
Commercially, liquid vegetable oils are converted to solid fats such as margarine by ________.
A.
hydration
B.
hydrolysis
C.
hydrogenation
D.
oxidation
Question #34
Like soap, which of the following molecules is also amphipatic – having both a hydrophilic and hydrophobic end?
A.
Water
B.
Phospholipids
C.
Waxes
D.
glycerol
Question #35
Oil and water don't mix because water has polar bonds while oils have nonpolar bonds.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #36
How are triglycerides formed?
A.
Triglycerides are formed through hydrolysis, which results in the loss of H2O molecules.
B.
Triglycerides are formed through hydrolysis, which results in the production of H2O molecules.
C.
Triglycerides are formed through dehydration synthesis, which results in the loss of H2O molecules.
D.
Triglycerides are formed through dehydration synthesis, which results in the addition of H2O molecules.
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