Anthropology 1 - Physical Anthropology » Summer 2019 » Exam 2

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Question #1
The Hardy-Weinberg assumes
A.   No gene flow, no mutation, no genetic drift
B.   Inheritance of population over generations
Question #2
The Hardy-Weinberg equation seeks to identify whether macroevolutionary change is currently taking place.
A.   FALSE
B.   TRUE
Question #3
Individuals exhibiting sickle cell anemia have a genotype of:
A.   AAS
B.   SS
C.   AS
D.   AA
Question #4
The continued persistence of the sickle cell allele appears to be connected to:
A.   the continued presence of malaria
B.   increasing global temperatures
C.   increasing UVb radiation
D.   emigration of West African peoples 
Question #5
Sickle cell can be caught from another person and can be treated and cured.
A.   TRUE
B.   FALSE
Question #6
A higher than typical presence of Huntington's Chorea in the Lake Maracaibo region of Venezuela is associated with:
A.   a small and relatively isolated population
B.   all of these
C.   founder effect
D.   genetic drift
Question #7
Which of the following does not pertain to lactose intolerance?
A.   the condition affects billions of people today
B.   associated with an increase in production of lactase over time
C.   associated with the inability to break down and process lactose in foods
D.   the identified gene associated with lactase production is found on chromosome 2 and appears to be selected for vs. against
Question #8
Which of the following does not pertain to Klinefelter's syndrome?
A.   chromosomal mutation linked to an XX genotype
B.   represented by chromosomal trisomy XXY
C.   reduces fertility and increases breast development in affected individuals
D.   affects only males
Question #9
The case study of the peppered moths of Manchester, England represents a classic example of natural selection where the increase and decrease over time of each variant of the moths was influenced directly by cultural activities affecting the environment. In this example the selecting factor was the Industrial Revolution.
A.   TRUE
B.   FALSE
Question #10
The analysis of genetic markers to better understand the development of agriculture in Europe demonstrates:
A.   support for Childe's demic diffusion model
B.   no conclusive evidence regarding how farming began in Europe
C.   agriculture was brought to Europe by Middle Eastern farmers
D.   minimal interbreeding between Middle Eastern and European hunter-gatherers and farming developing from their descendants in Europe
Question #11
R.C. Lewontin found that human "races" have no taxonomic significance. He demonstrated this through:
A.   through research that examined genetic diversity across different species of animals
B.   research indicating that most genetic variation is found within human populations
C.   research indicating that most genetic variation is found across human populations
D.   through the examination of variation in multiple human skull characteristics
Question #12
Multiple biological traits:
A.   do not lead to clear-cut racial classifications
B.   help with biological profiling
C.   do not exist in humans
D.   are race specific
Question #13
Stressors during the prenatal stage include:
A.   drugs, alcohol and smoking
B.   lack of exercise
C.   heavy exercise like running and swimming
D.   a vegetarian diet of greens, fruits and dairy products
Question #14
Which of the following is related to the biological process of homeostasis or lack thereof?
A.   adult stage
B.   osteoporosis
C.   Wolff's Law
D.   senescence
Question #15
Children living at high altitudes develop a larger chest cavity by adulthood than children living at lower altitudes. This is an example of:
A.   inheritance of increases in lung volume by high-altitude populations
B.   developmental adaptations that occur at the level of the individual during critical life stages
C.   acclimatization at the individual level
D.   environmental adaptations that occur at the individual level
Question #16
Although Allen's and Bergmann's rules most often explain body shape and morphology, we occasionally see variations from the correct patterns. This indicates that:
A.   body shape and morphology do not reflect both evolutionary and developmental processes
B.   the association between body shape, morpology and the environment is not a result of natural selection
C.   the long-term association between body shape and climate is an example of acclimatization
D.   the association between body shape and morphology does respond to environmental stressors
Question #17
Allen's rule indicates that humans will have:
A.   long limbs in hot environments and shorter limbs in cold environments
B.   larger lungs in hot environments and smaller lungs in cold environments
C.   smaller bodies in cold environments and larger bodies in hot environments
D.   taller bodies in cold environments and shorter bodies in hot environments
Question #18
Relative to people with a history of living in temperate climates, the Inuit and other cold-adapted populations have:
A.   consume more carbohydrates
B.   reduce peripheral body temperatures to maintain core temperatures
C.   short limbs and large bodies
D.   have lower BMR
Question #19
Dark skin ( a result of increased melanin production in equatorial peoples) is likely a response to ultraviolet radiation, because UV radiation causes:
A.   rickets
B.   hypothermia
C.   skin cancer
D.   hypoxia
Question #20
Rickets is the result of: ,,
A.   a lack of vitamin D
B.   high UV exposure
C.   a lack of melanin
D.   severe air pollution
Question #21
Natural selection favored alleles for light skin in:
A.   Europe
B.   Australia
C.   Africa
D.   South America
Question #22
The two main suborders of primates are:
A.   pongidae and hominidae
B.   platyrrhine and catarrhine
C.   tarsiers and anthropoids
D.   strepsirhini and haplorhini
Question #23
Which of the following are prosimians/strepsirhini?
A.   tamarins
B.   lemurs
C.   baboons
D.   gibbons
Question #24
While at the zoo you see an exhibit with a small group of primates and notice they have wet, snout-like noses. This indicates:
A.   a species of pongid, which frequently exhibits a moist fleshy pad at the end of the nose
B.   a species of platyrrhine primate, because their nostrils do not point downward
C.   a species of hylobatid from Asia
D.   a species of strepsirhini that retain a rhinarium found only in prosimian primates
Question #25
Modern primates are characterized by arboreal adaptations, including:
A.   opposable thumbs
B.   short digits
C.   increased reliance of sense of smell
D.   large body build
Question #26
Primate females:
A.   give birth to fewer offspring  than do many other mammals
B.   invest less in their offspring than do many other mammals
C.   give birth to more offspring than do many other mammals
D.   give birth to twins regularly
Question #27
Primates' enhanced sense of vision stems from:
A.   their tendency toward nocturnal behavior
B.   their color vision
C.   the fact that their eyes are rotated forward
D.   all of the above
Question #28
Anthropoids include:
A.   tarsiers, lemurs and monkeys
B.   African and Asian apes
C.   lemurs and lorises
D.   monkeys, apes and humans
Question #29
Prehensile tails are:
A.   present in catarrhine primates
B.   are made strictly of muscle
C.   are found in all primates with tails
D.   present only in some platyrrhines
Question #30
Strepsirhini have a special lower incisor called a:
A.   bilophodont
B.   two-ridge tooth
C.   diastema
D.   tooth/dental comb
Question #31
Primates have long growth and development periods because:
A.   the areas of the brain associated with smell and hearing are expanded in primates
B.   they have higher intelligence and larger brains relative to other animals
C.   on average they are larger bodied than nonprimates
D.   they take longer to develop to sexual maturity
Question #32
Brachiation refers to:
A.   quadrupedal locomotion include the use of a tail
B.   using the forelimbs to move from tree limb to tree limb
C.   bipedality in humans
D.   clinging and leaping locomotion in an arboreal environment
Question #33
Which primate below would you most expect to be nocturnal?
A.   colobus monkey
B.   chimpanzee
C.   loris
D.   gorilla
Question #34
Grooming involves:
A.   the development of alliances between females only
B.   bonding between two members of a social group, calming or appeasing the primate being groomed if he or she has a higher dominance.
C.   bonding between individuals of the same rank only and directed only toward hygiene
D.   the development of males only
Question #35
Male reproductive strategies emphasize:
A.   violence against competitors for female access
B.   competition between males for access to reproductive-age females
C.   care of young
D.   risk-taking behavior
Question #36
Which of the following are not known primate residence patterns?
A.   one-female, multimale; one-male, multifemale; one-male, one-female
B.   one-male, multifemale; all-male; solitary
C.   all-female; multimale, one female; solitary
D.   one-male, multifemale; multimale, multifemale; solitary

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