A.   The interpretation of the Constitution.

B.   The struggle over states rights.

C.   Ratification of the Bill of Rights.

D.   The impending crisis of slavery

A.   FALSE

B.   TRUE

A.   Three tiers of review for deciding whether citizenship was denied unconstitutionally.

B.   All of these.

C.   Three tiers of review for deciding whether equal protection was denied.

D.   Three tiers of review for deciding whether due process of law was denied.

A.   Roman republic

B.   Republic of Genoa

C.   Venetian republic

D.   Athenian republic

A.   Amend the 14the Amendment so that children born to the undocumented in the US can be deported.

B.   Deport children born in the US to undocumented persons.

C.   Deport people living in the US for decades

D.   All of these.

A.   Florida's method of counting votes in the 2000 presidential election.

B.   Voter ID laws in Wisconsin.

C.   Segregation of private schools in North Carolina.

D.   The federal Defense of Marriage Act.

A.   FALSE

B.   TRUE

A.   FALSE

B.   TRUE

A.   An employer paying you less than somebody else who does the same job.

B.   The NSA tapping your telephones.

C.   A state refusing to give the right to vote to convicted felons.

D.   A corporation suing another corporation for breach of contract.

A.   They did not like the fact that there was not a written British Constitution that they could cite to protect their interests.

B.   They were fine with Parliament determining what was law, they just wanted their own representatives in London.

C.   None of these.

D.   They liked the fact that Parliament could act quickly on matters, but they did not like the members of Parliament.

A.   None of these.

B.   Writing degrading words on the wall of a public bathroom.

C.   Calling a politician an "idiot" in a public forum.

D.   A Nazi shouting hateful slogans but in a peaceful demonstration.

A.   The men who outlined, debated, and authored the Constitution of the United States.

B.   The men who set up a plan to discredit Thomas Jefferson.

C.   The men who framed the copy of the Declaration of Independence at the Smithsonian.

D.   The men who decided to amend the Articles of Confederation.

A.   FALSE

B.   TRUE

A.   Was singularly responsible for his or her duties.

B.   Relied on Congressional approval or backing for foreign affairs.

C.   All of these

D.   Was a uniquely powerful individual.

A.   TRUE

B.   FALSE

A.   More of the Convention members were from their states.

B.   Representatives reflected the attitudes of the state, so the number was irrelevant.

C.   The smaller states had been settled longer and the citizens were better educated.

D.   The smaller states had more natural resources, and this economic advantage made up for the size difference.

A.   FALSE

B.   TRUE

A.   All of these.

B.   Liberty was best secured by keeping the branches as separate as possible.

C.   That there were three rigidly separate forms of government.

D.   No branch could impinge on the power of the others.

A.   FALSE

B.   TRUE

A.   Three-fifths of the Congress was a quorum.

B.   Three-fifths of women would be counted during the national census.

C.   Each slave would be counted as three-fifths of a constituent in the apportionment of representation for the House.

D.   Three-fifths of the states had to ratify the Constitution.

A.   Any laws made that further the intent of the Constitution are protected by the clause.

B.   The US Constitution supersedes state law.

C.   The US Constitution is the law of the land.

D.   All of these.

A.   Is a very common occurrence in the US, but fairly rare in other countries.

B.   Is actually a fairly rare occurrence.

C.   Is an example of spillover.

D.   Has been a very common occurrence in civil rights movements but not much else in the US.

A.   Madison.

B.   Montesquieu.

C.   Locke.

D.   Jefferson.

A.   Sway public opinion.

B.   Force the hand of Congress or state legislatures to pass laws.

C.   Embarrass leaders and governments for a lack of action.

D.   All of these.

A.   They are tightly connected to the Americans' reaction to dominating British colonial rule.

B.   All of these.

C.   There are four overarching civil liberties that are the subject of ongoing debate and court cases.

D.   Those that come from the Bill of Rights are considered as freedoms that the government cannot easily violate.

A.   TRUE

B.   FALSE

A.   FALSE

B.   TRUE

A.   FALSE

B.   TRUE

A.   Jury trial.

B.   Protection against self-incrimination.

C.   Against double jeopardy, or being tried twice for the same crime

D.   All of these.

A.   His time as a member of the Virginia Assembly.

B.   None of these.

C.   His time as a professor at the University of Virginia.

D.   His time as governor of Virginia.

A.   TRUE

B.   FALSE

A.   FALSE

B.   TRUE

A.   All of these.

B.   The average person would find the material as appealing to a "prurient" interest.

C.   The material lacks serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value.

D.   The material describes sexual conduct in an offensive way.

A.   Montesquieu's theory about the size of republics was correct but that the American republic could overcome the problem with adequate funds.

B.   Montesquieu was correct that the most successful republic was a small one.

C.   The large and diverse population of America was an advantage, as it would bring ideological balance in a republican government.

D.   Montesquieu’s theory applied only to Italy.

A.   Persuade George Washington to become the president.

B.   Designate Boston as the location for the next federal convention.

C.   Persuade the citizens of New York to ratify the Constitution.

D.   Convince Americans that they should NOT accept federalism.

A.   TRUE

B.   FALSE

A.   A liberty guaranteed to individuals by the Bill of Rights.

B.   A privilege described in the articles of the US Constitution.

C.   A state injunction against the federal government.

D.   A right guaranteed to groups by the 13th Amendment.

A.   FALSE

B.   TRUE

A.   Subject to the jurisdiction of the federal government with no separate powers.

B.   Subject to the jurisdiction of state government with no separate powers.

C.   An entirely separate level of government that is protected from encroachments or interference from state or federal governments

D.   All of these.

A.   FALSE

B.   TRUE

A.   FALSE

B.   TRUE

A.   Would weaken the executive branch.

B.   Was in direct conflict with Madison’s proposals.

C.   Would be divisive and favor federal interests over state interests.

D.   Reminded them of the New Jersey Plan

A.   A Muslim woman wearing a head scarf

B.   A Christian praying at work or school.

C.   All of these.

D.   An atheist eating a meal without praying.

A.   None of these

B.   Dual federalism was the predominant format of government in the US from 1789-1901.

C.   There was little collaboration between the national and state governments in 1789-1901.

D.   The national and state governments maintain mutually exclusive spheres of influence.

A.   Experience proved that states would never uniformly comply with national requests.

B.   Each state's doubts about the others' commitment to policies would slow down and clog the federal system.

C.   All of these.

D.   Each state legislature contained "courtiers of popularity" who would actively oppose particular policies.

A.   The monsoon season in the Middle East.

B.   A period right after WWII in which many Arab governments threw off monarchies for republics.

C.   A series of liberal social movements in dictatorships across the Arab world in 2010-11.

D.   The ouster of Hosni Mubarak in Egypt.

A.   It creates a very decentralized legal structure.

B.   It is easier to make law.

C.   It creates centralized federal components and localized state components of government.

D.   It creates a very centralized legal structure.

A.   Not subject to interpretation.

B.   So similar.

C.   Fundamental rights that affect our daily lives a lot.

D.   Rarely disputed.

A.   A state having two sovereigns.

B.   A "state within a state."

C.   All of these.

D.   A "monster in politics."

A.   Was altered by each Parliament’s decisions about the interpretation of documents and practices.

B.   Rested on several historical documents.

C.   Was based on long legal practices that were not necessarily written down.

D.   All of these