History 118 - U.S. History 1865 to Present » Summer 2021 » Final Exam
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Question #1
Which of the following best describes welfare capitalism?
A.
Corporations paid more attention to the human factor in employment.
B.
The federal government forced employers to provide private pensions and medical insurance to employees.
C.
The blacklisting of union organizers to prevent or defeat strikes.
D.
Unions agreed to demands by employers.
Question #2
Which New Deal program did FDR dissolve amidst public criticism that Americans had become dependent on government?
A.
Civilian Conservation Corp.
B.
Works Progress Administration.
C.
Public Works Administration.
D.
The Agricultural Adjustment Act.
E.
Civil Works Administration.
Question #3
Which of the following statements is NOT true about the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)?
A.
It was established immediately after the Soviets formalized their own eastern European alliance.
B.
It pledged mutual defense against any future Soviet attack.
C.
It came about as a response to the Soviet Union testing its first atomic bomb in 1949.
D.
West Germany became a crucial part of NATO.
E.
It was established by the United States, Canada, and ten western European nations.
Question #4
The Southern Manifesto rejected desegregation by referring to it as "forced integration."
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #5
Which Supreme Court case established a constitutional “right to privacy” and set precedence for a future case regarding abortion rights?
A.
Miranda v. Arizona.
B.
New York Times v. Sullivan
C.
Roe v. Wade.
D.
Griswold v. Connecticut.
E.
Loving v. Virginia.
Question #6
Which of the following is NOT a program or agency created by the Nixon administration?
A.
The National Endowments for the Humanities and for the Arts.
B.
The National Transportation Safety Board.
C.
The Environmental Protection Agency.
D.
The Occupational Health and Safety Administration.
E.
Block Grants.
Question #7
General Colin Powell believed that the post-Cold War world created the opportunity to reshape the world and prevent future conflicts with hostile states.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #8
In the 1920s, the term “New Negro” meant:
A.
those in the black urban community of Harlem who moved to the rural south for greater economic opportunities.
B.
those in the black community who visited Harlem’s dance halls, jazz clubs, and speakeasies in search of exotic adventure.
C.
those in the black community who were disadvantaged by segregation.
D.
those in the black community who were advantaged by higher-wage jobs and affordable housing in Harlem.
E.
those in the black community who rejected black stereotypes and a searched for black values.
Question #9
Which group would NOT be considered part of the Southern Conference for Human Welfare?
A.
Some elected officials.
B.
Labor leaders.
C.
Black activists.
D.
Anti-Communists.
E.
Southern New Dealers.
Question #10
The Congressional Elections of 1946:
A.
ushered in a Congress that was pro labor.
B.
ensured a conservative coalition of lawmakers along with southern Democrats.
C.
ushered in a Congress that endorsed Truman's Fair Deal.
D.
ushered in a Congress that endorsed Truman's civil rights agenda.
E.
returned both houses of Congress to the Democrats since the 1920s.
Question #11
Which of the following statements is true regarding the origins of the Vietnam War?
A.
A peace conference in Geneva divided Vietnam temporarily into northern and southern districts with elections scheduled for 1956 to unify the country.
B.
Vietnam exemplifies how American leaders seemed more comfortable with dealing with democratic governments than military regimes.
C.
Eisenhower sent American troops to Vietnam to avert French defeat in 1954.
D.
The Eisenhower administration funneled billions of dollars in aid to bolster Japanese efforts to preserve its Asian empire in Vietnam.
E.
With U.S. backing, the anticommunist leader Ngo Dinh Diem moved quickly to hold elections believing it would result in a victory for his party.
Question #12
Abbie Hoffman, the founder of Young Americans for Freedom (YAF), authored the Sharon Statement which set the agenda for a generation of conservative youth in the early 1960s.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #13
Which of the following was NOT an issue that prompted a movement for conservative values in the early 1970s?
A.
Racial inequality.
B.
Equal Rights Amendment.
C.
Abortion rights.
D.
Tax reform.
Question #14
Which of the following did Not contribute to the scandal and fraud that American investors were subjected to in the 1990s?
A.
The repeal of the Glass-Steagall Act in 1999.
B.
Big banks and corporate lawyers collecting fees for pushing certain companies stocks.
C.
The free trade and deregulation polices supported by a Republican Congress and president Clinton.
D.
The idea that the federal government would always be there to rescue the big banks.
E.
Discount and online firms that charged lower fees than traditional brokers.
Question #15
Albanians who fled Kosovo in 1989 were subjected to:
A.
Apartheid
B.
Genocide
C.
Ethnic cleansing
Question #16
Which federal program under the Nixon administration guaranteed a minimum income for all Americans?
A.
Affirmative action.
B.
Minimum Wage Act (MWA)
C.
Family Assistance Plan.
D.
Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC).
E.
Block grants.
Question #17
Which of the following was dedicated to replacing the culture of segregation with a “beloved community” of racial justice that empowered ordinary blacks to take control of the decisions that affected their lives?
A.
Students for a Democratic Society.
B.
Young Americans for Freedom.
C.
Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee.
D.
Congress of Racial Equality.
E.
Southern Christian Leadership Conference.
Question #18
Which of the following statements best characterizes television in the 1950s?
A.
Only a small percentage of American homes had television by the end of the 1950s.
B.
In the 1950s, movie theater attendance replaced TV watching as the nation's leading leisure activity.
C.
Television provided news programing, but newspapers were the most common source of information about public events.
D.
It provided Americans of all regions and backgrounds with a common cultural experience.
E.
Television programs were controversial and often projected the harsh reality of suburban America.
Question #19
Which of the following events led Truman to claim a victory for the Berlin blockade?
A.
The United States conducted an eleven-month airlift with Western planes supplying fuel and food to their zones.
B.
Truman signed an executive order that would dissolve the Soviet Zone and divide its territory equally among France, Britain, and the United States.
C.
The United States along with Britain and France introduced a separate currency in their zones.
D.
American troops invaded the Soviet-controlled zone of Berlin and destroyed military outposts.
E.
The Soviets were unable to cut off road and rail traffic from the American, British, and French zones of occupied Germany to Berlin.
Question #20
Which organization lobbied in defense of the Scottsboro boys?
A.
International Labor Defense.
B.
Anti-Defamation League.
C.
The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU).
D.
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).
E.
Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party (MFDP)
Question #21
Which of the following is correct regarding the candidate and his party affiliation in the Election of1948?
A.
Dewey (Republican), Truman (Progressive Party), Wallace (State’s Rights Democratic Party), Thurmond (Democrat).
B.
Thurmond (State’s Rights Democratic Party) , Dewey (Progressive Party), Truman (Democrat), Wallace (Republican).
C.
Truman (Republican), Dewey (Democrat), Thurmond (Progressive Party), Wallace (State’s Rights Democratic Party).
D.
Wallace (Progressive Party), Truman (Democrat), Thurmond (State’s Rights Democratic Party), Dewey (Republican).
Question #22
Which of the following statements is NOT true about the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
A.
It outlawed poll taxes and literacy tests that discriminated against African American voters.
B.
It was endorsed by Johnson and presented to Congress less than a week after John Kennedy’s assassination.
C.
It prohibited racial discrimination in public institutions and privately-owned public accommodations such as restaurants, hotels, and theaters.
D.
It was embraced by female and liberal members of congress.
E.
It banned discrimination on the grounds of sex.
Question #23
Which of the following is true about African immigrants in the United States between 1970 to 2000?
A.
The influx of Africans coming to the United States changed the racial landscape.
B.
African countries complained of losing so many of their physician, teachers, and other skilled workers.
C.
Africans were the largest percentage of immigrants coming to the Unites States in the late 20th century.
D.
There were more Africans coming to the United States during the Atlantic slave trade than the late 20th century.
Question #24
Which of the following involved integrated groups who traveled by bus to the Deep South to test compliance with court orders banning segregation on interstate buses?
A.
Students for a Democratic Society.
B.
Southern Christian Leadership Conference.
C.
Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee.
D.
Congress of Racial Equality.
E.
Young Americans for Freedom.
Question #25
Which of the following would Not be considered part of the seeds of future problems that led to the Great Depression?
A.
Forty percent of the population lived in poverty during the 1920s.
B.
Most professions in the 1920s were trending toward retailing, finance, and education.
C.
A handful of firms dominated numerous sectors of the economy.
D.
Germany defaulted on its reparations payments to France and Britain.
E.
Industrial workers wages rose disproportionately to corporate profits.
Question #26
Which New Deal program correctly states its function?
A.
The Civil Works Administration constructed highways, tunnels, courthouses, and airports.
B.
The Civilian Conservation Corps built dams to prevent foods and deforestation along the Tennessee River.
C.
The Public Works Administration built stadiums, swimming pools, and sewage treatment plants.
D.
The Tennessee Valley Authority authorized the government to raise farm prices and set production quotas for major crops.
E.
The Works Progress Administration set unemployed young men to work on projects like forest preservation, flood control, and the improvement of national parks and wildlife preserves.
Question #27
Which of the following declared Communism was a religion “inspired, directed and motivated by the Devil himself.”
A.
Reverend Billy Graham
B.
Bishop Fulton J. Sheen
C.
Virginia minister Jerry Falwell
D.
Father Charles E. Coughlin
Question #28
Which of the following was tied to a war that broke out between Israel and Egypt and Syria in the early 1970s?
A.
Stagflation.
B.
The Misery Index.
C.
Question #29
Reagan's program to stimulate private investment by lowering taxes for businesses and high-income Americans was known by his supporters as:
A.
"trickle-down economics"
B.
"supply-side economics"
Question #30
According to historians, mass society in the 1950s is best understood as an era of:
A.
Liberty and freedom.
B.
Stability and authority.
C.
Social media and “selfies.”
D.
Consensus and conformity.
Question #31
Which New Deal legislation provided a permanent system of social insurance and borrowed ideas from the Progressive platform of 1912?
A.
The Social Insurance Act.
B.
The Emergency Banking Act.
C.
The Wagner Act.
D.
The Social Security Act.
E.
The Glass-Steagall Act.
Question #32
Which of the following companies would Not be considered part of new hires in the United States as a result of global competition?
A.
Health care industry
B.
Automobile manufactures
C.
Government agencies
D.
Hotels and restaurants
E.
Retail businesses
Question #33
Which of the following was accused of passing secrets concerning the atom bomb to Soviet agents during WWII?
A.
Professor Dunlap
B.
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg.
C.
Alger Hiss.
Question #34
In which state did governor, Orval Faubus use the National Guard to prevent court-ordered integration at Central high school following the Brown decision?
A.
Oxford, Mississippi.
B.
Little Rock, Arkansas.
C.
Birmingham, Alabama.
D.
Tulsa, Oklahoma.
E.
Topeka, Kansas.
Question #35
Modern liberalism placed importance on group identity , personal behavior, and the free expression of ideas and insisted they be be protected by the state.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #36
Which of the following is NOT part of President Johnson’s War on Poverty and the Great Society?
A.
Food Stamps.
B.
Legal services for the poor.
C.
Job training.
D.
Head Start.
E.
Peace Corps.
Question #37
The success of the Brown case in 1954, for civil rights activists, was chief justice Earl Warren’s call for “an immediate desegregation of schools” to begin following the court’s decision.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #38
What was Nixon’s policy of Vietnamization?
A.
A gradual withdrawal of American troops with South Vietnamese soldiers continuing the war.
B.
A strategy to blame Ho Chi Minh for the conflict in Vietnam and take the blame away from the United States.
C.
A brilliant policy that limited the war and quieted the antiwar movement.
D.
A directive to key military advisors and officers to implement a plan that would assimilate U. S. soldiers to life in Vietnam.
E.
A reaction to the My Lai Massacre in which he committed more American troops to combat.
Question #39
The Moral Majority meant those who embraced religion alongside conservatism.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #40
Which of the following is true regarding the election of 2000?
A.
The decision in Bush v. Gore allowed the counting of Florida ballots.
B.
Bush was elected after winning a tiny margin of the popular vote.
C.
It caused Americans to disengage from the public sphere.
D.
More people watched the Bush/Gore debates than the Kennedy/Nixon debates.
Question #41
Which of the following statements best describes the post-WWII creation of “suburbia?”
A.
Suburbanization softened the racial lines of division in American life.
B.
Urban renewal was a program that provided federal funds to renovate poor neighborhoods for the benefit of non-whites.
C.
Urban renewal was a government program that halted the practice of banks and real estate developers from engaging in housing discrimination.
D.
Suburbia had the effect of creating racial uniformity.
E.
As late as the 1990s, nearly 50 percent of suburban whites lived in communities with non-whites.
Question #42
In his famous Long Telegram from Moscow, American diplomat George Kennan advised the Truman Administration:
A.
that communist ideology will drive the Soviet Union to expand their power throughout the world, and only the United States had the ability to stop them.
B.
that an “iron curtain” had descended across Europe, partitioning the free West from the communist East.
C.
that the United States needed to contribute billions of dollars to finance the economic recovery of Europe.
D.
that the Soviet Union was on the verge of replacing communism with consumer capitalism and “free market” principles.
Question #43
The chief concern of the United Farm Workers (UFW):
A.
was for Mexican-Americans to abandon their Mexican past and the new Chicano culture.
B.
was their inability to work out contracts with major growers prompting the UFW to engage in nonviolent protests and a national boycott of California grapes.
C.
was low wages and oppressive working conditions.
D.
was getting the support of local growers to agree to labor contracts.
E.
was overcoming obstacles that kept the organization from achieving any success.
Question #44
At the Miss America beauty pageant of 1968, protestors filled a “freedom trash can” with objects of female oppression (girdles, brassieres, high-heeled shoes, and copies of Playboy and Cosmopolitan) to protest the image of women as sex objects.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #45
The Contract with America was a promise from Republican Congressmen to do all of the following except?
A.
Overhaul the welfare system.
B.
Eliminate economic and environmental regulations.
C.
Cut back on taxes.
D.
Expand affirmative action programs.
Question #46
A.
The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
B.
The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
C.
The Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
D.
The Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)
E.
The Federal Electricity Act (FEA)
Question #47
Which statement best describes the significance of the Watergate scandal of 1972?
A.
It undermined confidence in the Democratic Party.
B.
It demonstrated an abuse of power by high-ranking government officials.
C.
It demonstrated the stalwart dedication of two Washington Post journalists who broke an important national story.
D.
It brought to the public’s awareness how easy it was to infiltrate the Democratic National Committee’s headquarters.
E.
It led to the resignation of President Nixon and a presidential pardon from President Ford.
F.
Question #48
Which of the following was NOT part of President Reagan's approach to the Cold War?
A.
President Reagan sent troops to Grenada to oust a pro-Cuban government.
B.
Reagan proposes a space-based system to intercept and destroy enemy missiles.
C.
Reagan embraced the human rights initiatives of the Carter administration's foreign policy.
D.
Reagan adopted a policy of "peace through strength" and calls the Soviet Union an "evil empire."
E.
The Reagan administration presides over the largest military build up in American history.
Question #49
Which of the following statements is true regarding the Korean War?
A.
General MacArthur endorses Truman’s decision not to use nuclear weapons.
B.
The majority of the war was fought in the winter months because it never snows in Korea.
C.
The south invades the north wanting to reunite Korea under communist control.
D.
It demonstrates that the war which began in Europe was now a global conflict.
E.
It successfully united all of Korea under a pro-American government.
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