A.   Accepting the unavoidable consequences of our policies

B.   Asking whether our policies will render citizens more secure in the long term

C.   Not worrying about the consequences

D.   Asking whether there will be any consequences to our anti-terrorism policies

A.   Judicial

B.   Celebrity

C.   Prosecutorial

D.   Inmate

A.   Enemy paradigm

B.   Terrorism paradigm

C.   War paradigm

D.   Drone paradigm

A.   Debtors

B.   Vice

C.   Property

D.   Violent

A.   Refrained from enforcing certain prison rules and regulations.

B.   Become members of prison gangs.

C.   Begun directly disobeying orders from superiors.

D.   Begun taking monetary bribes from prisoners.

A.   Maintain power

B.   Treat inmates ethically

C.   Retain their discretion

D.   Gain respect of inmates

A.   Graham v. Florida

B.   United States v. Shallet

C.   Reynolds v. Florida

D.   Kenny v. Indiana Youth Center

A.   The placement of crime stories on television late at night hoping a viewer will be able identify the offender

B.   Using the media to report fictitious events so law enforcement can catch the real criminal

C.   The marketing of edited, highly formatted information about the world in entertainment media vehicles

D.   Using entertainment to reenact criminal events

A.   Three-strikes laws

B.   Work release programs to reduce jail and prison populations

C.   Sentencing guidelines

D.   Treatment programs to reduce jail and prison populations

A.   A site for the construction of a moral order

B.   The primary source of news

C.   A monopoly so that news is consistent

D.   A responsible path for discussion of moral issues

A.   Result in disproportionately severe sentences

B.   Do not reflect the will of the majority

C.   Have no incapacitate effect

D.   Are not applied to all offenders convicted under such statutes

A.   Against a state in the United States.

B.   Committed by government, sometimes against its own people.

C.   By the military against a civilian government.

D.   By one part of government against another part of the same government.

A.   Their control function

B.   Their treatment and control functions

C.   Their heavy caseloads

D.   Their treatment function

A.   A warning to the public

B.   Advocacy for greater levels of social control

C.   Assistance to law enforcement to make an arrest

D.   A key profit maker for the media

A.   Consequentialists

B.   Absolutists

C.   Deontologists

D.   Relativists

A.   Cost-benefit grounds

B.   Political grounds

C.   Due process grounds

D.   Ideological grounds

A.   Social control

B.   Informal control

C.   Formal control

D.   Governmental control

A.   There is widespread approval of them

B.   There is widespread approval of them

C.   While they approve of it, they do not believe it should be applied indiscriminately to specific offenders under specific circumstances

D.   The public is evenly divided on them

A.   Sex offenders

B.   Murderers

C.   Drug offenders

D.   Prostitutes

A.   Rehabilitation

B.   Treatment

C.   Community-oriented corrections

D.   Punitiveness

A.   An unintended but unforeseen morally bad effect of an action can be excused if both the action and the intended effect are morally permissible

B.   The activities are morally permissible if they produce two effects, so long as one is morally permissible.

C.   The activities are only morally impermissible if they produce two effects, both of which are morally impermissible

D.   An unintended but unforeseen morally bad effect of an action can be excused if both the action and the intended effect are morally impermissible

A.   It is a slippery slope, which could expand its use in other circumstances

B.   It is not likely to happen as its proponents claim

C.   It negates the autonomy and dignity of the individual

D.   It is not a realistic scenario

A.   Racial and ethnic minorities are responsible for a substantial amount of property and drug crime therefore creating policies favoring punitiveness

B.   Negative racial stereotypes and collective racial resentment are positively correlated with polices favoring punitiveness

C.   Racial and ethnic minorities are responsible for a substantial amount of violent crime therefore creating policies favoring punitiveness

D.   Negative racial stereotypes and collective racial resentment are negatively correlated with policies favoring punitiveness

A.   Sex offenses

B.   Drug crimes

C.   Kidnappings

D.   Homicides

A.   Violence

B.   Empathy

C.   Sympathy

D.   Coercion

A.   Crime fighting is the complex part of the process

B.   The legal system makes it easier to fight crime because prosecutors know how to talk with the media

C.   The legal system is far more complex

D.   Few accused actually go to trial and unexciting plea bargains are the norm

A.   Focusing only on the very young and the very old victims

B.   Reporting sympathetic stories of victims who have also been charged with crimes

C.   Focusing attention only on victims who meet that standard of victimhood

D.   Reporting, on the visual media, pictures of victims

A.   Supermax

B.   Minimum security

C.   Maximum security

D.   Medium security

A.   Setting a zero-tolerance standard for prison rape

B.   Prioritization of the prevention of rape in each prison system

C.   Prisons who want to receive federal funding must eliminate prison rape by 85%

D.   Devising and implementation of national standards to detect, prevent, reduce, and punish rape

A.   Torture during interrogation

B.   Restricting rights during criminal processing of terrorist defendants

C.   Invading foreign countries

D.   Accidental killing of civilian non-terrorists

A.   The War on Drugs focused on heroin, a drug often used by blacks, a fact not usually in the media

B.   Whites comprise almost 1/3 of illegal drug users and blacks almost 2/3, a fact often reported in the media

C.   Whites comprise almost 3/4 of illegal drug users and blacks 13%, a fact not usually incorporated in media accounts

D.   Whites never have been engaged in drugs as much as blacks, a fact often reported in the media

A.   Do no harm

B.   Morality

C.   Reasonable standard of care

D.   Moral blame

A.   Rewards

B.   Compliance

C.   Legalistic

D.   Personal

A.   The prosecution process

B.   A life sentence

C.   The court

D.   A criminal conviction

A.   A public over-reaction caused by outdated public morals

B.   An irrational and exaggerated response by the public to a perceived problem

C.   When a small group of legislators panic and force through unethical legislation

D.   When an individual legislator or policy maker over-reacts to a problem

A.   Sympathetic

B.   Empathetic

C.   Retributive

D.   Callous

A.   Canada

B.   United Kingdom

C.   United States

D.   Australia

A.   It enables the executive branch of government to exercise wide powers under the authority of the president as commander-in-chief

B.   It permits the employment of warlike measures concurrently with law enforcement measures

C.   All of the other answers

D.   It gives the executive the leverage to demand almost any resources in the furtherance of winning the war

A.   All of the other answers

B.   Assassination violates U.S. values and principles because it is done in secret and is a display of the exercise of overbearing state power against individuals.

C.   Assassination is an immoral act and a form of politically motivated murder outside the bounds of the conventions of war and morality.

D.   Targeted killing calls into question the morality of U.S. foreign policy, which stresses human rights and democracy.

A.   Rape is the most likely crime to be reported

B.   Crimes against children are considered more newsworthy than crimes against the adults

C.   Homicides are considered more newsworthy when the victim is white

D.   Victims who are perpetrated against by a stranger are considered more newsworthy than a victim who knows the perpetrator

A.   Officer training emphasizes emotional detachment and degrading treatment

B.   Prisons have cultures where guards are corrupted and prisoners are denied their humanity

C.   A humane correctional system is impossible given the dominant theory and practice of retribution

D.   Guards are increasingly using more excessive force

A.   Assist inmates in getting rehabilitated

B.   Always support fellow officers against inmate claims/allegations

C.   Do not lug (smuggle) drugs in to inmates

D.   Do not rat (inform on other guards)

A.   Soliciting a fee from an inmate for finding him a job

B.   Theft of new televisions from the prison loading dock

C.   Accepting gratuities to protect illicit activity

D.   Extortion through mistreatment or harassment

A.   Using persuasive interviewing techniques to influence others to disclose material they would normally not disclose

B.   Any intentional and successful influence of a person by noncoercively altering the actual choices available to the person or by non-persuasively altering the perceptions by others of those choices.

C.   When a journalist makes an attempt in hard news to persuade using emotional rhetoric rather than fact

D.   When a journalist relies on an unsubstantiated argument without noting its weaknesses to produce a desired conclusion

A.   Additional treatment and re-entry programs

B.   The imposition of additional behavioral controls

C.   A decrease in treatment programs

D.   Increase in recidivism

A.   The media construction of crime will reduce the seriousness of the crime

B.   The media construction of crime will identify what policies of crime control should be adopted

C.   The media construction of crime will define what acts are regarded as criminal

D.   The media construction of crime will define what are thought to be the causes of crime

A.   Resigned before losing their positions

B.   Lost their jobs

C.   Had a positive effect in corrections

D.   Provided inaccurate information, to the detriment of the organization