A.   Asking whether our policies will render citizens more secure in the long term

B.   Not worrying about the consequences

C.   Asking whether there will be any consequences to our anti-terrorism policies

D.   Accepting the unavoidable consequences of our policies

A.   Prosecutorial

B.   Inmate

C.   Judicial

D.   Celebrity

A.   War paradigm

B.   Terrorism paradigm

C.   Enemy paradigm

D.   Drone paradigm

A.   Property

B.   Debtors

C.   Violent

D.   Vice

A.   Refrained from enforcing certain prison rules and regulations.

B.   Become members of prison gangs.

C.   Begun directly disobeying orders from superiors.

D.   Begun taking monetary bribes from prisoners.

A.   Gain respect of inmates

B.   Retain their discretion

C.   Treat inmates ethically

D.   Maintain power

A.   Reynolds v. Florida

B.   Kenny v. Indiana Youth Center

C.   Graham v. Florida

D.   United States v. Shallet

A.   The placement of crime stories on television late at night hoping a viewer will be able identify the offender

B.   Using entertainment to reenact criminal events

C.   Using the media to report fictitious events so law enforcement can catch the real criminal

D.   The marketing of edited, highly formatted information about the world in entertainment media vehicles

A.   Three-strikes laws

B.   Sentencing guidelines

C.   Treatment programs to reduce jail and prison populations

D.   Work release programs to reduce jail and prison populations

A.   A site for the construction of a moral order

B.   The primary source of news

C.   A responsible path for discussion of moral issues

D.   A monopoly so that news is consistent

A.   Have no incapacitate effect

B.   Are not applied to all offenders convicted under such statutes

C.   Do not reflect the will of the majority

D.   Result in disproportionately severe sentences

A.   Against a state in the United States.

B.   Committed by government, sometimes against its own people.

C.   By the military against a civilian government.

D.   By one part of government against another part of the same government.

A.   Their treatment and control functions

B.   Their control function

C.   Their heavy caseloads

D.   Their treatment function

A.   A key profit maker for the media

B.   A warning to the public

C.   Assistance to law enforcement to make an arrest

D.   Advocacy for greater levels of social control

A.   Relativists

B.   Deontologists

C.   Consequentialists

D.   Absolutists

A.   Political grounds

B.   Cost-benefit grounds

C.   Due process grounds

D.   Ideological grounds

A.   Governmental control

B.   Social control

C.   Formal control

D.   Informal control

A.   There is widespread approval of them

B.   While they approve of it, they do not believe it should be applied indiscriminately to specific offenders under specific circumstances

C.   The public is evenly divided on them

D.   There is widespread approval of them

A.   Drug offenders

B.   Sex offenders

C.   Prostitutes

D.   Murderers

A.   Community-oriented corrections

B.   Punitiveness

C.   Rehabilitation

D.   Treatment

A.   An unintended but unforeseen morally bad effect of an action can be excused if both the action and the intended effect are morally impermissible

B.   The activities are only morally impermissible if they produce two effects, both of which are morally impermissible

C.   An unintended but unforeseen morally bad effect of an action can be excused if both the action and the intended effect are morally permissible

D.   The activities are morally permissible if they produce two effects, so long as one is morally permissible.

A.   It negates the autonomy and dignity of the individual

B.   It is not likely to happen as its proponents claim

C.   It is a slippery slope, which could expand its use in other circumstances

D.   It is not a realistic scenario

A.   Racial and ethnic minorities are responsible for a substantial amount of violent crime therefore creating policies favoring punitiveness

B.   Negative racial stereotypes and collective racial resentment are negatively correlated with policies favoring punitiveness

C.   Racial and ethnic minorities are responsible for a substantial amount of property and drug crime therefore creating policies favoring punitiveness

D.   Negative racial stereotypes and collective racial resentment are positively correlated with polices favoring punitiveness

A.   Drug crimes

B.   Sex offenses

C.   Homicides

D.   Kidnappings

A.   Empathy

B.   Sympathy

C.   Violence

D.   Coercion

A.   Few accused actually go to trial and unexciting plea bargains are the norm

B.   The legal system is far more complex

C.   The legal system makes it easier to fight crime because prosecutors know how to talk with the media

D.   Crime fighting is the complex part of the process

A.   Focusing attention only on victims who meet that standard of victimhood

B.   Reporting, on the visual media, pictures of victims

C.   Focusing only on the very young and the very old victims

D.   Reporting sympathetic stories of victims who have also been charged with crimes

A.   Maximum security

B.   Supermax

C.   Minimum security

D.   Medium security

A.   Prioritization of the prevention of rape in each prison system

B.   Prisons who want to receive federal funding must eliminate prison rape by 85%

C.   Setting a zero-tolerance standard for prison rape

D.   Devising and implementation of national standards to detect, prevent, reduce, and punish rape

A.   Invading foreign countries

B.   Torture during interrogation

C.   Restricting rights during criminal processing of terrorist defendants

D.   Accidental killing of civilian non-terrorists

A.   Whites comprise almost 3/4 of illegal drug users and blacks 13%, a fact not usually incorporated in media accounts

B.   Whites comprise almost 1/3 of illegal drug users and blacks almost 2/3, a fact often reported in the media

C.   The War on Drugs focused on heroin, a drug often used by blacks, a fact not usually in the media

D.   Whites never have been engaged in drugs as much as blacks, a fact often reported in the media

A.   Do no harm

B.   Morality

C.   Moral blame

D.   Reasonable standard of care

A.   Compliance

B.   Legalistic

C.   Rewards

D.   Personal

A.   The prosecution process

B.   The court

C.   A criminal conviction

D.   A life sentence

A.   A public over-reaction caused by outdated public morals

B.   An irrational and exaggerated response by the public to a perceived problem

C.   When a small group of legislators panic and force through unethical legislation

D.   When an individual legislator or policy maker over-reacts to a problem

A.   Empathetic

B.   Sympathetic

C.   Callous

D.   Retributive

A.   Canada

B.   United Kingdom

C.   United States

D.   Australia

A.   It gives the executive the leverage to demand almost any resources in the furtherance of winning the war

B.   It enables the executive branch of government to exercise wide powers under the authority of the president as commander-in-chief

C.   All of the other answers

D.   It permits the employment of warlike measures concurrently with law enforcement measures

A.   All of the other answers

B.   Assassination violates U.S. values and principles because it is done in secret and is a display of the exercise of overbearing state power against individuals.

C.   Assassination is an immoral act and a form of politically motivated murder outside the bounds of the conventions of war and morality.

D.   Targeted killing calls into question the morality of U.S. foreign policy, which stresses human rights and democracy.

A.   Homicides are considered more newsworthy when the victim is white

B.   Rape is the most likely crime to be reported

C.   Crimes against children are considered more newsworthy than crimes against the adults

D.   Victims who are perpetrated against by a stranger are considered more newsworthy than a victim who knows the perpetrator

A.   Officer training emphasizes emotional detachment and degrading treatment

B.   A humane correctional system is impossible given the dominant theory and practice of retribution

C.   Prisons have cultures where guards are corrupted and prisoners are denied their humanity

D.   Guards are increasingly using more excessive force

A.   Do not rat (inform on other guards)

B.   Assist inmates in getting rehabilitated

C.   Always support fellow officers against inmate claims/allegations

D.   Do not lug (smuggle) drugs in to inmates

A.   Theft of new televisions from the prison loading dock

B.   Extortion through mistreatment or harassment

C.   Accepting gratuities to protect illicit activity

D.   Soliciting a fee from an inmate for finding him a job

A.   Using persuasive interviewing techniques to influence others to disclose material they would normally not disclose

B.   When a journalist relies on an unsubstantiated argument without noting its weaknesses to produce a desired conclusion

C.   When a journalist makes an attempt in hard news to persuade using emotional rhetoric rather than fact

D.   Any intentional and successful influence of a person by noncoercively altering the actual choices available to the person or by non-persuasively altering the perceptions by others of those choices.

A.   The imposition of additional behavioral controls

B.   Additional treatment and re-entry programs

C.   Increase in recidivism

D.   A decrease in treatment programs

A.   The media construction of crime will define what acts are regarded as criminal

B.   The media construction of crime will reduce the seriousness of the crime

C.   The media construction of crime will define what are thought to be the causes of crime

D.   The media construction of crime will identify what policies of crime control should be adopted

A.   Had a positive effect in corrections

B.   Lost their jobs

C.   Resigned before losing their positions

D.   Provided inaccurate information, to the detriment of the organization