Physiology 001 - Introduction to Human Physiology » Fall 2021 » Cell Structure and Genetics

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Question #1
What enzyme helps to form a second polynucleotide chain in each DNA that is complementary to the first?
A.   RNA polymerase
B.   Ubiquitin
C.   Proinsulin
D.   DNA polymerase
Question #2
Which of the following statements about DNA replication is true?
A.   Each of the leading and lagging strands is replicated both continuously and discontinuously.
B.   The leading strand is replicated discontinuously, while the lagging strand is replicated continuously.
C.   The leading strand is replicated continuously, while the lagging strand is replicated discontinuously.
D.   Both the leading and lagging strands are replicated discontinuously.
E.   Both the leading and lagging strands are replicated continuously.
Question #3
DNA replication results in two identical daughter molecules, each consisting of one old (original) strand and one newly synthesized strand.
A.   FALSE
B.   TRUE
Question #4
The point where separation of the DNA occurs is called the replication fork.
A.   FALSE
B.   TRUE
Question #5
Which of the following represents the correct order of the phases of the cell cycle?
A.   G1 -> S -> M -> G2
B.   G1 -> G2 -> M -> S
C.   G1 -> S -> G2 -> M
D.   G1 -> M -> G2 -> S
E.   G1 -> G2 -> S -> M
Question #6
What is the division of cytoplasm called?
A.   Meiosis
B.   Cytokinesis
C.   Mitosis
D.   Cytogenetics
E.   Synapsis
Question #7
Which of the following represents the correct order of the phases of mitosis?
A.   Prophase -> anaphase -> metaphase -> telophase
B.   Prophase -> metaphase -> anaphase -> telophase
C.   Metaphase -> prophase -> anaphase -> telophase
D.   Prophase -> metaphase -> telophase -> anaphase
E.   Metaphase -> prophase -> telophase -> anaphase
Question #8
DNA replication occurs in mitosis
A.   TRUE
B.   FALSE
Question #9
Mitosis and cytoplasmic division result in the formation of two genetically identical cells.
A.   TRUE
B.   FALSE
Question #10
Which of the following occurs as the ribosome shifts down the mRNA by a distance of three nucleotides?
A.   The tRNA that was in the A site moves into the E site.
B.   The tRNA that was in the P site moves into the A site.
C.   The tRNA that was in the E site moves into the P site.
D.   The tRNA that was in the E site moves into the A site.
E.   The tRNA that was in the P site moves into the E site.
Question #11
Translation is terminated when a stop codon is presented at the __________ site.
A.   A
B.   P
C.   C
Question #12
The first amino acid enters through the A site.
A.   TRUE
B.   FALSE
Question #13
The codon of tRNA is complementary to the anticodon of mRNA.
A.   FALSE
B.   TRUE
Question #14
Which of the following events occur in prophase of mitosis?
A.   The mitotic spindle fibers begins to form.
B.   DNA condenses to form chromosomes.
C.   The nuclear membrane breaks down.
D.   All of the choices are correct.
E.   The nucleolus is no longer visible.
Question #15
Which of the following statements about microtubules during anaphase is true?
A.   Those attached to chromosomes elongate, while those that are unattached shorten.
B.   Both attached and unattached microtubules elongate.
C.   Both attached and unattached microtubules elongate at first and then shorten.
D.   Both attached and unattached microtubules shorten.
E.   Those attached to chromosomes shorten, while those that are unattached elongate.
Question #16
Centromeres divide during metaphase.
A.   TRUE
B.   FALSE
Question #17
In what segment of the DNA molecule does messenger RNA synthesis begin?
A.   Sigma factor
B.   Template
C.   Transcription terminator
D.   Polymerase
E.   Promoter region
Question #18
What complimentary messenger RNA strand is synthesized from the DNA base sequence of CTGAC?
A.   GACGU
B.   AGTUG
C.   GACTG
D.   UGACU
E.   GACUG
Question #19
What structure causes the synthesis of RNA to cease?
A.   Template
B.   Sigma factor
C.   Transcription terminator
D.   Polymerase
E.   Promoter region
Question #20
The synthesis of messenger RNA is called translation.
A.   FALSE
B.   TRUE
Question #21
Synthesis of a new strand of messenger RNA is in the 5' to 3' direction.
A.   FALSE
B.   TRUE

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