Physiology 001 - Introduction to Human Physiology » Fall 2021 » Cell Structure and Genetics

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Question #1
What enzyme helps to form a second polynucleotide chain in each DNA that is complementary to the first?
A.   Proinsulin
B.   DNA polymerase
C.   RNA polymerase
D.   Ubiquitin
Question #2
Which of the following statements about DNA replication is true?
A.   The leading strand is replicated continuously, while the lagging strand is replicated discontinuously.
B.   The leading strand is replicated discontinuously, while the lagging strand is replicated continuously.
C.   Each of the leading and lagging strands is replicated both continuously and discontinuously.
D.   Both the leading and lagging strands are replicated continuously.
E.   Both the leading and lagging strands are replicated discontinuously.
Question #3
DNA replication results in two identical daughter molecules, each consisting of one old (original) strand and one newly synthesized strand.
A.   FALSE
B.   TRUE
Question #4
The point where separation of the DNA occurs is called the replication fork.
A.   TRUE
B.   FALSE
Question #5
Which of the following represents the correct order of the phases of the cell cycle?
A.   G1 -> M -> G2 -> S
B.   G1 -> S -> G2 -> M
C.   G1 -> S -> M -> G2
D.   G1 -> G2 -> S -> M
E.   G1 -> G2 -> M -> S
Question #6
What is the division of cytoplasm called?
A.   Mitosis
B.   Cytokinesis
C.   Meiosis
D.   Synapsis
E.   Cytogenetics
Question #7
Which of the following represents the correct order of the phases of mitosis?
A.   Metaphase -> prophase -> telophase -> anaphase
B.   Metaphase -> prophase -> anaphase -> telophase
C.   Prophase -> metaphase -> telophase -> anaphase
D.   Prophase -> anaphase -> metaphase -> telophase
E.   Prophase -> metaphase -> anaphase -> telophase
Question #8
DNA replication occurs in mitosis
A.   TRUE
B.   FALSE
Question #9
Mitosis and cytoplasmic division result in the formation of two genetically identical cells.
A.   FALSE
B.   TRUE
Question #10
Which of the following occurs as the ribosome shifts down the mRNA by a distance of three nucleotides?
A.   The tRNA that was in the P site moves into the A site.
B.   The tRNA that was in the A site moves into the E site.
C.   The tRNA that was in the P site moves into the E site.
D.   The tRNA that was in the E site moves into the A site.
E.   The tRNA that was in the E site moves into the P site.
Question #11
Translation is terminated when a stop codon is presented at the __________ site.
A.   A
B.   P
C.   C
Question #12
The first amino acid enters through the A site.
A.   TRUE
B.   FALSE
Question #13
The codon of tRNA is complementary to the anticodon of mRNA.
A.   FALSE
B.   TRUE
Question #14
Which of the following events occur in prophase of mitosis?
A.   DNA condenses to form chromosomes.
B.   The nucleolus is no longer visible.
C.   All of the choices are correct.
D.   The mitotic spindle fibers begins to form.
E.   The nuclear membrane breaks down.
Question #15
Which of the following statements about microtubules during anaphase is true?
A.   Both attached and unattached microtubules elongate at first and then shorten.
B.   Both attached and unattached microtubules shorten.
C.   Both attached and unattached microtubules elongate.
D.   Those attached to chromosomes elongate, while those that are unattached shorten.
E.   Those attached to chromosomes shorten, while those that are unattached elongate.
Question #16
Centromeres divide during metaphase.
A.   TRUE
B.   FALSE
Question #17
In what segment of the DNA molecule does messenger RNA synthesis begin?
A.   Template
B.   Polymerase
C.   Transcription terminator
D.   Promoter region
E.   Sigma factor
Question #18
What complimentary messenger RNA strand is synthesized from the DNA base sequence of CTGAC?
A.   GACTG
B.   GACGU
C.   UGACU
D.   AGTUG
E.   GACUG
Question #19
What structure causes the synthesis of RNA to cease?
A.   Transcription terminator
B.   Promoter region
C.   Sigma factor
D.   Polymerase
E.   Template
Question #20
The synthesis of messenger RNA is called translation.
A.   TRUE
B.   FALSE
Question #21
Synthesis of a new strand of messenger RNA is in the 5' to 3' direction.
A.   FALSE
B.   TRUE

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