East Los Angeles College » Physiology » Physiology 001 - Introduction to Human Physiology » Fall 2021

Physiology 001 - Introduction to Human Physiology » Fall 2021 » Chemical Composition of Body Part 1

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Question #1

Complete the following sentences about how acids and bases affect blood pH If excess H+ is added to the blood, the pH will __________ and a condition called ___________ may occur

A. decrease, alkalosis

B. increase, alkalosis

C. increase, acidosis

D. decrease, acidosis

Question #2

Complete the following sentences about how acids and bases affect blood pH The ____________ part of the bicarbonate/carbonic acid buffer will act as a ________ to neutralize the excess _______.

A. carbonic, alkalosis, acid

B. bicarbonate, acidosis, acid

C. carbonic, bicarbonate, acid

D. bicarbonate, buffer, acid

Question #3

What type of bonds link individual amino acids together?

A. Peptide bonds

B. Hydrogen bonds

C. Organic bonds

D. Polymerizing bonds

Question #4

In the stable form of a protein the parts of the polypeptide chain composed of amino acids with __________ are generally found on the interior of the protein where there is little water present.

A. hydrophilic functional groups

B. large functional groups

C. random functional groups

D. hydrophobic functional groups

Question #5

When an egg is fried, what happens to the protein in the egg?

A. Because the heat removes water, the hydrophilic amino acids leave the pan.

B. Amino acids form new proteins.

C. The heat converts the protein into water.

D. The protein is denatured.

Question #6

When forming a semisolid gel such as gelatin, what type of molecule does the process of protein coagulation entrap?

A. Lipid

B. Water

C. Protein

D. Carbohydrate

Question #7

Classify the different types of carbohydrates: Hexose

A. Monosaccharides

B. Polysaccharides

C. Disaccharides

Question #8

Classify the different types of carbohydrates: Glucose

A. Polysaccharides

B. Monosaccharides

C. Disaccharides

Question #9

Classify the different types of carbohydrates: Galactose

A. Polysaccharides

B. Disaccharides

C. Monosaccharides

Question #10

Classify the different types of carbohydrates: Sucrose

A. Polysaccharides

B. Disaccharides

C. Monosaccharides

Question #11

Classify the different types of carbohydrates: Lactose

A. Monosaccharides

B. Polysaccharides

C. Disaccharides

Question #12

Classify the different types of carbohydrates: Maltose

A. Polysaccharides

B. Monosaccharides

C. Disaccharides

Question #13

Classify the different types of carbohydrates: Cellulose

A. Disaccharides

B. Polysaccharides

C. Monosaccharides

Question #14

Classify the different types of carbohydrates: Glycogen

A. Disaccharides

B. Monosaccharides

C. Polysaccharides

Question #15

Classify the different types of carbohydrates: Chitin

A. Monosaccharides

B. Polysaccharides

C. Disaccharides

Question #16

Classify the different types of carbohydrates: Starch

A. Polysaccharides

B. Monosaccharides

C. Disaccharides

Question #17

Arrange the steps in their proper order for an interactive summary of how hydrolysis occurs. You decide to eat a baked potato for dinner. Arrange the statements in the correct order to describe a successful digestion reaction.

A. A bite of baked potato (with no toppings) is placed into your mouth. Starch is hydrolyzed into separate glucose molecules. Hydrolysis takes place in the small intestine. Glucose is absorbed into the blood and carried to tissues. Excess glucose is stored in the form of glycogen and/or adipose tissue. Tissues use glucose for energy.

B. A bite of baked potato (with no toppings) is placed into your mouth. Starch is hydrolyzed into separate glucose molecules. Hydrolysis takes place in the small intestine. Glucose is absorbed into the blood and carried to tissues. Tissues use glucose for energy. Excess glucose is stored in the form of glycogen and/or adipose tissue.

C. A bite of baked potato (with no toppings) is placed into your mouth. Glucose is absorbed into the blood and carried to tissues. Starch is hydrolyzed into separate glucose molecules. Hydrolysis takes place in the small intestine. Excess glucose is stored in the form of glycogen and/or adipose tissue. Tissues use glucose for energy.

D. A bite of baked potato (with no toppings) is placed into your mouth. Hydrolysis takes place in the small intestine. Starch is hydrolyzed into separate glucose molecules. Tissues use glucose for energy. Excess glucose is stored in the form of glycogen and/or adipose tissue. Glucose is absorbed into the blood and carried to tissues.

Question #18

Classify the subcategories of lipids with their correct characteristics and molecules: 3-6 Carbon rings/1-5 Carbon ring

A. Steriods

B. Triglycerides

C. Ketone Bodies

D. Phospholipids

Question #19

Classify the subcategories of lipids with their correct characteristics and molecules: Cholesterol

A. Phospholipids

B. Ketone Bodies

C. Steriods

D. Triglycerides

Question #20

Classify the subcategories of lipids with their correct characteristics and molecules: Sex Steriods

A. Phospholipids

B. Ketone Bodies

C. Triglycerides

D. Steriods

Question #21

Classify the subcategories of lipids with their correct characteristics and molecules: Corticosteriods

A. Triglycerides

B. Phospholipids

C. Steriods

D. Ketone Bodies

Question #22

Classify the subcategories of lipids with their correct characteristics and molecules: Bile salts

A. Triglycerides

B. Ketone Bodies

C. Steriods

D. Phospholipids

Question #23

Classify the subcategories of lipids with their correct characteristics and molecules: Vitamin D3

A. Ketone Bodies

B. Steriods

C. Triglycerides

D. Phospholipids

Question #24

Classify the subcategories of lipids with their correct characteristics and molecules: 1-Glycerol/2-Fatty acid molecules

A. Triglycerides

B. Steriods

C. Phospholipids

D. Ketone Bodies

Question #25

Classify the subcategories of lipids with their correct characteristics and molecules: Phosphate group

A. Triglycerides

B. Phospholipids

C. Ketone Bodies

D. Steriods

Question #26

Classify the subcategories of lipids with their correct characteristics and molecules: Lecithin

A. Ketone Bodies

B. Steriods

C. Phospholipids

D. Triglycerides

Question #27

Classify the subcategories of lipids with their correct characteristics and molecules: Micelles

A. Ketone Bodies

B. Triglycerides

C. Steriods

D. Phospholipids

Question #28

Classify the subcategories of lipids with their correct characteristics and molecules: Surfactants

A. Phospholipids

B. Ketone Bodies

C. Triglycerides

D. Steriods

Question #29

Classify the subcategories of lipids with their correct characteristics and molecules: 1-Glycerol/3- Fatty acid molecules

A. Steriods

B. Ketone Bodies

C. Phospholipids

D. Triglycerides

Question #30

Classify the subcategories of lipids with their correct characteristics and molecules: Saturated

A. Phospholipids

B. Ketone Bodies

C. Steriods

D. Triglycerides

Question #31

Classify the subcategories of lipids with their correct characteristics and molecules: Unsaturated

A. Ketone Bodies

B. Phospholipids

C. Triglycerides

D. Steriods

Question #32

Classify the subcategories of lipids with their correct characteristics and molecules: Acetone

A. Steriods

B. Phospholipids

C. Ketone Bodies

D. Triglycerides

Question #33

Classify the subcategories of lipids with their correct characteristics and molecules: Ketosis

A. Phospholipids

B. Steriods

C. Ketone Bodies

D. Triglycerides

Question #34

Sufficient amounts of ketone bodies in the blood will lower the blood pH. This is known as __________.

A. Ketocarbonic

B. Ketocabonate

C. Ketoalkalosis

D. Ketoacidosis

Question #35

Mass number

A. Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.

B. The electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom.

C. The sum of the number of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

Question #36

Ionic bond

A. Chemical bond created by the attraction of cations and anions.

B. The electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom.

C. Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.

Question #37

Valence electrons

A. Chemical bond in which electrons are shared between atoms.

B. Chemical bond created by the attraction of cations and anions.

C. The electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom.

Question #38

Isotopes

A. Chemical bond in which electrons are shared between atoms.

B. The electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom.

C. Chemical bond created by the attraction of cations and anions.

Question #39

Covalent bond

A. The sum of the number of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

B. Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.

C. Major component of cell membranes

Question #40

Triglycerides

A. Regulation of inflammation and blood clotting

B. Forms adipose tissue and provides energy

C. Major component of cell membranes

Question #41

Prostaglandins

A. Forms adipose tissue and provides energy

B. Regulation of inflammation and blood clotting

C. Major component of cell membranes

Question #42

Steroids

A. Forms adipose tissue and provides energy

B. Major component of cell membranes

C. Formation of sex hormones and vitamin D₃

Question #43

Phospholipids

A. Regulation of inflammation and blood clotting

B. Major component of cell membranes

C. Formation of sex hormones and vitamin D₃

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