Soc 324 - Sociology of Sex and Gender 2 » 2019 » Quiz 5

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Question #1
Women were once considered ideally suited for computer programming because:
A.   of their patience and greater attention to detail.
B.   they were considered creative risk-takers.
C.   they made up the majority of computer hardware engineers.
D.   of their general anti-social tendencies.
Question #2
Stereotype threat is:
A.   the concern your performance will confirm a negative stereotype about a group to which you belong.
B.   the threat that results from doing much better than expected.
C.   a way that women threaten men in a female-dominated industry.
D.   the risk of physical attack based on stereotypes about your racial/ethnic group.
Question #3
Researchers think that the reason stereotype threat affects exam scores is:
A.   that it takes away mental energy needed to complete cognitively demanding tasks.
B.   the pressure leads to women doing better.
C.   the person scoring the test relies on stereotypes rather than the actual answers.
D.   that it helps students focus on completing cognitively demanding tasks.
Question #4
Positivity bias is important in the STEM fields because:
A.   people with more positive outlooks do worse on exams.
B.   if students feel more positively toward their teachers they will do better in the class.
C.   people with more pessimistic personalities do better on exams.
D.   having unrealistically positive views of yourself motivates effort and persistence on challenging tasks.
Question #5
Adultification is the process whereby black children are:
A.   allowed to join the military earlier than age 18.
B.   allowed to work at a younger age than the law usually allows.
C.   not charged for crimes as adults until they turn 21.
D.   robbed of childhood innocence.
Question #6
In their study, Epstein, Blake and Gonzalez theorize that the adultification of black girls potentially contributes to:
A.   higher rates of teen pregnancy.
B.   more frequent use of contraception.
C.   more girls working full-time jobs during school.
D.   interactions with the criminal justice system for minor infractions.
Question #7
In relation to their education, “being a man” according to Morris’ (2008) research participants meant:
A.   putting minimal effort into school.
B.   valuing an education over money.
C.   working hard to get into college.
D.   competing to be at the top of their class.
Question #8
The boys in Morris’ (2008) research saw ______________ as the key to being successful.
A.   book smarts
B.   commonsense
C.   getting a good white collar job
D.   a college education
Question #9
The index of dissimilarity for occupational segregation has ___________________ over the past 10 years.
A.   become an irrelevant measure
B.   increased significantly
C.   stayed about the same
D.   decreased significantly
Question #10
The rapid growth of service sector jobs affects occupational segregation because:
A.   there are not enough men of working age to fill all the new jobs.
B.   these jobs have high concentrations of women since they represent formerly unpaid tasks historically performed by women.
C.   highly educated women are filling these jobs.
D.   these jobs are primarily being filled by college-educated men.
Question #11
Researchers who study occupational segregation and the wage gap argue that “devaluation” of a field happens:
A.   when the supply of workers outpaces demand for the product.
B.   when large numbers of women enter it.
C.   when large number of men enter it.
D.   when the field grows so fast and cannot keep up with demand for workers.
Question #12
Having children affects ______________the most in terms of lost wages.
A.   high income-women
B.   high income-men
C.   low-income men
D.   low-income women
Question #13
Statistical discrimination is when:
A.   employers make assumptions about how workers will perform based on the groups to which they belong.
B.   employers have a certain number of jobs that they must fill with a female candidate.
C.   employers have a certain number of jobs that they must fill with a candidate who is a person of color.
D.   employers make hiring decisions at random so as to not discriminate.
Question #14
One of the reasons that occupational integration has stalled since the 1970s is:
A.   companies are afraid of reverse discrimination lawsuits.
B.   women have crossed into male-dominated fields, but men have yet to move into female-dominated fields in similar numbers.
C.   the majority of women are still stay-at-home mothers.
D.   job growth overall has slowed.
Question #15
The phenomenon of the “glass escalator” is the process in which men _________________when they enter female-dominated professions.
A.   are excluded from managerial positions
B.   are discriminated against by their female coworkers
C.   quickly move to positions of power
D.   are paid less than their female coworkers
Question #16
From the Wingfield article (2009), what was one of the glass barriers mentioned that prevented the nurses from riding the glass escalator?
A.   incompetence at the necessary skills for the job
B.   unwillingness to disassociate from "feminized" aspects of nursing
C.   the men were closer to their supervisors
D.   not as many men passed the nursing exam
Question #17
________ of the Oscar-nominated films passed the Bechdel Test in 2016.
A.   All
B.   10%
C.   50%
D.   90%
Question #18
Mechelle Vinson's Supreme Court case was historic in terms of gender law because: 
A.   her assailant went to prison.
B.   she was the first female Supreme Court nominee.
C.   she was the first black woman to bring a case to the Supreme Court.
D.   it was the first time sexual harassment was considered discrimination under Civil Rights law.
Question #19
What does Gersen (2017) see as the future of sexual-harassment law?
A.   harassment cases will be unfairly investigated
B.   accusations of workplace harassment will be taken less seriously
C.   broader legal definitions of sexual harassment
D.   fewer investigations of sexual harassment
Question #20
Tarana Burke, the founder of the #metoo movement argues that for the movement to be a success: 
A.   powerful women need to take the lead.
B.   white women should lead the charge.
C.   the voices of marginalized women must be centered.
D.   men should be excluded.

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