English 104 - Critical Analysis and Literature » Fall 2021 » Week 3 Quiz

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Question #1
A fallacy is:
A.   an error in inferential reasoning that produces flawed conclusions
B.   all answers are correct.
C.   a common term for unsound reasoning
D.   an argumentative move that is flawed by its very nature or structure
Question #2
In an opinion for the Supreme Court in the case of Texas vs. Johnson (1989)—concerned with a Texas law against burning the American flag in political protest—Justice William Brennan suggested that we may next find laws against burning the presidential seal, state flags, and Constitution.
A.   hasty generalization
B.   post hoc, ergo propter hoc
C.   slippery slope
D.   stacked evidence
Question #3
The issue is black and white; there are only two sides to this question: the District Attorney's story and the defendant's story. The District Attorney's complaint is that the defendant is in violation of California's laws against driving under the influence. The defendant pleads "not guilty" to the charges. The defendant either drank and drove, or he didn't drink and drive.
A.   oversimplification
B.   appeal to authority
C.   hasty generalization
D.   begging the question
Question #4
William Paley's teleological argument for intelligent design (i.e., the existence of God) proposes that a watch has an obvious complexity, indicating purpose and function, which implies an intelligent creator: the watchmaker. Natural processes of the Universe are even more complex than a watch, incredibly interwoven and intricately contrived such that these processes must also imply an intelligent creator: God.
A.   false analogy
B.   intentional fallacy
C.   begging the question
D.   oversimplification
Question #5
A team led by Gilles-Éric Séralini, a researcher at the University of Caen Lower Normandy in France, found that rats eating a common type of GM corn contracted cancer at an alarmingly high rate. After a review, the European Food Safety Authority determined that Séralini relied on a strain of rat that too easily develops tumors, did not include proper control groups, and failed to report many details of the experiment, including how the analysis was performed.
A.   intentional fallacy
B.   stacking the deck
C.   post hoc, ergo propter hoc
D.   begging the question
Question #6
Governor Chris Christie in response to a state assemblyman’s suggestion that the governor would have supported pro-segregation leaders: “You have numb nuts like Reed Gusciora who put out a statement comparing me to George Wallace and Lester Maddox. Now, come on guys, at some point, you’ve got to able to call BS on those kind of press releases.”
A.   straw man
B.   red herring
C.   appeal to authority
D.   ad hominem
Question #7
BASH: Secretary Clinton, if I may, Senator Sanders keeps bringing up the speeches that you gave to Goldman Sachs. So I’d like to ask you: so you’ve said that you don’t want to release the transcripts, until everybody does it, but if there’s nothing in those speeches that you think would change voters’ minds, why not just release the transcripts and put this whole issue to bed? CLINTON: You know, first of all—first of all, there isn’t an issue. When I was in public service serving as the senator from New York, I did stand up to the banks. I did make it clear that their behavior would not be excused. I’m the only one on this stage who did not vote to deregulate swaps and derivatives, as Senator Sanders did, which led to a lot of the problems that we had with Lehman Brothers. Now, if you’re going to look at the problems that actually caused the Great Recession, you’ve got to look at the whole picture. It was a giant insurance company, AIG. It was an investment bank, Lehman Brothers. It was mortgage companies like Countrywide. I’m not saying that Senator Sanders did something untoward when he voted to deregulate swaps and derivatives...
A.   non sequitur
B.   red herring
C.   ad hominem
D.   straw man
Question #8
San Gabriel attorney Qiang Bjornbak claims that YG’s music video for “Meet the Flockers”—which depicts a home burglary in a Chinese neighborhood—is angering some Chinese-Americans. Bjornbak is among those in California and China who find the lyrics offensive. “The song… encourages possible crimes targeted at a specific Chinese group,” Bjornbak says, “That is the problem.” Bjornbak argues some local Chinese-Americans are upset because home burglaries in several San Gabriel Valley cities are up.
A.   slippery slope
B.   post hoc, ergo propter hoc
C.   hasty generalization
D.   oversimplification
Question #9
Active euthanasia is morally acceptable. It is a decent, ethical thing to help another human being escape suffering through death.
A.   false analogy
B.   slippery slope
C.   begging the question
D.   post hoc, ergo propter hoc
Question #10
Art critics have speculated on Leonardo da Vinci's painting, the Mona Lisa. Some say he was trying to capture her smile. Others say she was keeping a secret. Still others say he wanted to show her soul.
A.   ad hominem
B.   appeal to authority
C.   intentional fallacy
D.   straw man
Question #11
Because she doesn’t know it kills 40,000 Californians every year. Because she doesn’t understand what cancer is. Because she can’t spell emphysema… Because she is my daughter, and the Surgeon General says that raising tobacco taxes is a proven way to make sure she never smokes. That’s why I’m voting yes on Proposition 56.
A.   stacked evidence
B.   oversimplification
C.   appeal to authority
D.   hasty generalization
Question #12
Statewide, 60% of community college students have experienced housing insecurity in the last year, so the college President would like to address the issue by developing a temporary housing solution on campus. In response to her proposal, a Board Member retorts, “So we’re responsible for their welfare now, too?”
A.   red herring
B.   false analogy
C.   non sequitur
D.   straw man
Question #13
The horrible thing about the Two Minutes Hate was not that one was obliged to act a part, but, on the contrary, that it was impossible to avoid joining in... A hideous ecstasy of fear and vindictiveness, a desire to kill, to torture, to smash faces in with a sledge-hammer, seemed to flow through the whole group of people like an electric current, turning one even against one’s will into a grimacing, screaming lunatic.
A.   bandwagon
B.   non sequitur
C.   intentional fallacy
D.   slippery slope
Question #14
Donald Trump is a businessman and reality TV personality. In 1987, he published a book titled The Art of Deal, which makes him a skilled deal-maker. Being President of the United States also requires skills in deal-making, such as negotiation, so Trump would make an effective President.
A.   non sequitur
B.   stacked evidence
C.   false analogy
D.   appeal to authority
Question #15
During the German invasion of Belgium in 1914, atrocities were committed by some of the invaders. After, the Allies portrayed the entire German military as brutal savages who skewered helpless babies on their bayonets.
A.   hasty generalization
B.   post hoc, ergo propter hoc
C.   bandwagon
D.   oversimplification

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