Religious Studies 361 - Contemporary Ethical Issues » Fall 2021 » Reading Quiz 3

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Question #1
According to the Augustinian understanding, the "original sin" is:
A.   A mistake made by Adam and Eve which can be corrected by good moral actions and good will
B.   The worst of all sins, which is greed  
C.   Inherited sinful nature which keeps human "will" in bondage
D.   Breaking the Ten Commandments 
Question #2
According to the excerpt "Christianity: Original Sin", Christian understanding of deliverance from the "original sin" is:
A.   Choosing between good and evil actions by exercising will power 
B.   "Dying" of the old "self" and being raised as a new "self" 
C.   Reading and following the Torah 
D.   Gaining knowledge and wisdom 
Question #3
According to John Locke, a state of war exists and the victim is entitled to respond with violence only if:
A.   Aggression endangers  one's life  
B.   There is aggression and there is no legitimate authority to appeal to in a timely manner
C.   Aggression is unusually cruel and dangerous 
D.   Aggression is between the countries 
Question #4
According to Locke, a commodity becomes one's property if:
A.   A person mixes his/her labor with it
B.   Only if it is awarded by the King or the government 
C.   Only if it is legitimately inherited 
D.   If it has been acquired as a spoil of war
Question #5
In the reading material, Rawls' "veil of ignorance" means:
A.   Education is a natural right and society needs to invest in education 
B.   Justice is impossible, because people are ignorant about morality 
C.   Before making laws, we ought to imagine that we don't know what our societal position would be
D.   Society should take the veil of ignorance off to achieve justice 
Question #6
According to Rawls, the "thought experiment" will help
A.   Make laws which are fair 
B.   Find the reality of consciousness 
C.   Support the poor 
D.   Distribute wealth to those who work hard 
Question #7
In the chapter "The Case For Equality", the author believes that social contracts are moral and valid if:
A.   Parties have verbal agreement; that alone is sufficient for any contract 
B.   Parties have consent and sign a written contract 
C.   Parties have consent, are sufficiently informed, have equal bargaining position and are honest in their dealings 
D.   There is consent from both parties
Question #8
Having read the chapter "The Case for Equality", what do you think John Rawls believed in?
A.   All wealth should be distributed equally 
B.   Sharing wealth will punish the talented and the hard working, therefore laws should be made based on "inequality" principle
C.   Talented and hard working people should benefit from their talents, but need to understand that it is moral to share some of it with those who do not have talents and do not work as hard 
D.   Talented and hard working people should never share their rewards with the less talented and hard working 
Question #9
In the reading "Islamic Stories" who is the man whose faith was tested?
A.   Moses
B.   Noah
C.   Abraham 
D.   Job 
Question #10
According to the chapter "Islamic Stories", the patriarch's faith was tested by:
A.   Ordering him to risk his life 
B.   Ordering him to catch fish 
C.   Ordering him to build a boat 
D.   Ordering him to sacrifice his son

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