Anthropology 1 - Physical Anthropology » Summer 2019 » Exam 3
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Question #1
The English surveyor who developed the technique of stratigraphic correlation between regions was:
A.
Richard Owen
B.
Alfred Wallace
C.
Charles Lyell
D.
William Smith
Question #2
The study of what happens to an organism's remains after death is:
A.
forensic biology
B.
archaeology
C.
taphonomy
D.
cryptozoology
Question #3
Which of the following is NOT an ideal environment for fossilization?
A.
Rock
B.
acidic soil (as in a jungle)
C.
sand
D.
mud
Question #4
A layer of stratigraphy in one location overwhelmingly represents one species, while the same species is discovered in a similar stratigraphic layer fifty miles away. What method is used to provide an estimate of age for this layer and this species?
A.
Steno's law of superposition
B.
carbon 14
C.
biostratigraphy
D.
Dendrochronology
Question #5
A wooden tomb is discovered with a well-preserved mummy inside. What method could be used to date the tomb?
A.
superposition
B.
thermoluminescence
C.
electron spin resonance
D.
dendrochronology
Question #6
Scientists can determine the type of plant consumed based on:
A.
indes fossils
B.
carbon 14
C.
carbon 13 and carbon 12
D.
isotopes in general
Question #7
An index fossil is:
A.
The type specimen of a species
B.
a fossil found in a particular site
C.
the ideal specimen of that species that all examples must follow
D.
a fossil used to categorize a stratigraphic layer
Question #8
Which dating method would be most appropriate for establishing the age of a volcanic ash layer from an early hominid site in eastern Africa?
A.
potassium-argon dating
B.
electron spin resonance dating
C.
amino acid dating
D.
carbon 14 dating
Question #9
Thermoluminescence dating can provide dates when used on which types of materials?
A.
bone, shell and fabric
B.
sediment, stone and ceramics
C.
shell, ceramics, and wood
D.
bone, wood, and stone
Question #10
Electron spin resonance dating can provide dates when used on which type of material?
A.
shells
B.
stone
C.
teeth
D.
wood
Question #11
Fluorine dating is an example of what type of dating method?
A.
chronometric
B.
genetic
C.
nonrelative
D.
chemical
Question #12
Which of the following does not apply to foraminifera in this chapter?
A.
live in the world's oceans
B.
useful for tracking temperature change
C.
provide for comparisons in two stable forms of oxygen: O12 and O 14
D.
analysis indicates the climate associated with the appearance of the early hominins was drier and more seasonal than in previous times
Question #13
The arboreal hypothesis proposes that defining primate characteristics were adaptations to life in the trees, such as:
A.
grasping hands and feet, developed vision and greater intelligence
B.
developed vision, greater sense of smell and tails
C.
grasping hands, tails and intelligence
D.
developed vision, greater sense of smell and grasping hands and feet
Question #14
Paleocene organisms that may have been the first primates were:
A.
plesiadapiforms
B.
adapids
C.
proconsulids
D.
driopithecids
Question #15
The Euprimates represent :
A.
the first true catarrhini
B.
the first anthropoids
C.
the first true primates
D.
the first true mammals
Question #16
The Eocene adapids and omomyids are most similar to today's lemurs and tarsiers in what ways?
A.
eyes and ears
B.
hands and feet
C.
noses and eyes
D.
hind limbs and feet
Question #17
The heel bone (calcaneus) of Eosimias suggests that it may be a very primitive:
A.
anthropoid
B.
ape
C.
primate
D.
New World monkey
Question #18
The northern African fossil primate called Biretia may be an early anthropoid, based on the morphology of its:
A.
pelvis
B.
skull
C.
lower premolar tooth
D.
ankle
Question #19
If you are examining the fossil remains fo the genus Dryopithecus, they are most likely from where?
A.
China
B.
India
C.
Peru
D.
France
Question #20
Sivapithecus is widely recognized as an ancestral member of which ape lineage?
A.
chimpanzee
B.
gorilla
C.
gibbon
D.
orangutan
Question #21
During the Miocene epoch of the Cenozoic Era, there was an adaptive radiation of which kind of primate?
A.
apes
B.
monkeys
C.
prosimians
D.
humans
Question #22
The most likely common ancestor of all later catarrhines and recovered from North Africa, is:
A.
Parapithecus
B.
Oligopithecus
C.
Aegyptopithecus
D.
Apidium
Question #23
Which two genera may be ancestral to today's orangutans?
A.
Sivapithecus and Khoratpithecus
B.
Gigantopithecus and Sivapithecus
C.
Proconsul and Carpolestes
D.
Khoratpithecus and Gigantopithecus
Question #24
The oldest of the Miocene apes and recovered from the continent of Africa is:
A.
Proconsul
B.
Apidium
C.
Dryopithecus
D.
Aegyptopithecus
Question #25
The foundational behavior of hominini was:
A.
speech
B.
habitual bipedal locomotion
C.
tool use
D.
hunting
Question #26
Bipedalism's advantages over quadrupedalism include:
A.
able to sleep more easily
B.
able to run faster
C.
able to climb more efficiently
D.
able to see farther distances and more easily transport food
Question #27
The oldest bipedal ancestors of the lineage leading to humans is currently:
A.
Orrorin tugenensis
B.
Australopithecus afarensis
C.
Sahelanthropus tchadensis
D.
Paranthropus
Question #28
Bipedalism in Sahelanthropus was determined by:
A.
position of the foramen magnum
B.
length of the femur
C.
shape of the pelvis
D.
arch in the foot
Question #29
The oldest hominid yet recovered to date comes from the country of:
A.
Egypt
B.
Ethiopia
C.
Chad
D.
Kenya
Question #30
Distinctive characteristics of robust australopithecines include:
A.
all of these
B.
a small brain
C.
a sagittal crest
D.
small front teeth and large back teeth
Question #31
Which of the following does not apply to Piltdown?
A.
fossils were given the scientific name of Eoanthropus dawsonii
B.
discovery of the Taung child begins to discredit the Piltdown fossils
C.
radiocarbon dating demonstrated the fossils could not have come from the same individual
D.
the fossils were discovered in England
Question #32
Most of the early fossil hominins were recovered from three key countries in Eastern Africa:
A.
Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Uganda
B.
Sudan, Kenya, Egypt
C.
Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania
D.
Uganda, Ethiopia, Egypt
Question #33
Which of the following is incorrect regarding Laetoli?
A.
fossilized footprints
B.
australopithecines
C.
Kenya
D.
radiopotassium/potassium-argon dating
Question #34
In which kind of deposits are the hominids of South Africa frequently discovered?
A.
sedimentary sandstone
B.
limestone caves
C.
lava flows/basalt layers
D.
mud and siltstone deposits
Question #35
Which anatomical characteristic of Orrorin tugenensis was indicative of bipedal locomotion?
A.
the shape of the pelvis
B.
the elbow
C.
shape of the femur
D.
the position of the foramen magnum
Question #36
Which of the following does not pertain to Lucy?
A.
Ethiopia
B.
robust australopithecine
C.
Australopithecus afarensis
D.
fully adult female
Question #37
A preaustralopithecine most likely has which of the following characteristics?
A.
modified honing chewing, primitive apelike traits and small brain
B.
nonhoning chewing, loss of apelike traits, small brain size
C.
nonhoning chewing, primitive apelike traits, increased brain size
D.
modified honing chewing, primitive apelike traits, increased brain size
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