Anthropology 1 - Physical Anthropology » Summer 2019 » Exam 3
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Question #1
The English surveyor who developed the technique of stratigraphic correlation between regions was:
A.
Richard Owen
B.
William Smith
C.
Charles Lyell
D.
Alfred Wallace
Question #2
The study of what happens to an organism's remains after death is:
A.
cryptozoology
B.
taphonomy
C.
forensic biology
D.
archaeology
Question #3
Which of the following is NOT an ideal environment for fossilization?
A.
Rock
B.
sand
C.
acidic soil (as in a jungle)
D.
mud
Question #4
A layer of stratigraphy in one location overwhelmingly represents one species, while the same species is discovered in a similar stratigraphic layer fifty miles away. What method is used to provide an estimate of age for this layer and this species?
A.
Steno's law of superposition
B.
biostratigraphy
C.
Dendrochronology
D.
carbon 14
Question #5
A wooden tomb is discovered with a well-preserved mummy inside. What method could be used to date the tomb?
A.
superposition
B.
dendrochronology
C.
thermoluminescence
D.
electron spin resonance
Question #6
Scientists can determine the type of plant consumed based on:
A.
carbon 13 and carbon 12
B.
carbon 14
C.
indes fossils
D.
isotopes in general
Question #7
An index fossil is:
A.
a fossil found in a particular site
B.
the ideal specimen of that species that all examples must follow
C.
a fossil used to categorize a stratigraphic layer
D.
The type specimen of a species
Question #8
Which dating method would be most appropriate for establishing the age of a volcanic ash layer from an early hominid site in eastern Africa?
A.
amino acid dating
B.
electron spin resonance dating
C.
carbon 14 dating
D.
potassium-argon dating
Question #9
Thermoluminescence dating can provide dates when used on which types of materials?
A.
shell, ceramics, and wood
B.
bone, wood, and stone
C.
sediment, stone and ceramics
D.
bone, shell and fabric
Question #10
Electron spin resonance dating can provide dates when used on which type of material?
A.
teeth
B.
shells
C.
wood
D.
stone
Question #11
Fluorine dating is an example of what type of dating method?
A.
chronometric
B.
chemical
C.
genetic
D.
nonrelative
Question #12
Which of the following does not apply to foraminifera in this chapter?
A.
useful for tracking temperature change
B.
analysis indicates the climate associated with the appearance of the early hominins was drier and more seasonal than in previous times
C.
provide for comparisons in two stable forms of oxygen: O12 and O 14
D.
live in the world's oceans
Question #13
The arboreal hypothesis proposes that defining primate characteristics were adaptations to life in the trees, such as:
A.
developed vision, greater sense of smell and grasping hands and feet
B.
developed vision, greater sense of smell and tails
C.
grasping hands and feet, developed vision and greater intelligence
D.
grasping hands, tails and intelligence
Question #14
Paleocene organisms that may have been the first primates were:
A.
proconsulids
B.
plesiadapiforms
C.
driopithecids
D.
adapids
Question #15
The Euprimates represent :
A.
the first true catarrhini
B.
the first true primates
C.
the first true mammals
D.
the first anthropoids
Question #16
The Eocene adapids and omomyids are most similar to today's lemurs and tarsiers in what ways?
A.
eyes and ears
B.
hands and feet
C.
hind limbs and feet
D.
noses and eyes
Question #17
The heel bone (calcaneus) of Eosimias suggests that it may be a very primitive:
A.
New World monkey
B.
anthropoid
C.
ape
D.
primate
Question #18
The northern African fossil primate called Biretia may be an early anthropoid, based on the morphology of its:
A.
pelvis
B.
skull
C.
ankle
D.
lower premolar tooth
Question #19
If you are examining the fossil remains fo the genus Dryopithecus, they are most likely from where?
A.
France
B.
Peru
C.
India
D.
China
Question #20
Sivapithecus is widely recognized as an ancestral member of which ape lineage?
A.
gibbon
B.
gorilla
C.
orangutan
D.
chimpanzee
Question #21
During the Miocene epoch of the Cenozoic Era, there was an adaptive radiation of which kind of primate?
A.
monkeys
B.
humans
C.
apes
D.
prosimians
Question #22
The most likely common ancestor of all later catarrhines and recovered from North Africa, is:
A.
Parapithecus
B.
Oligopithecus
C.
Apidium
D.
Aegyptopithecus
Question #23
Which two genera may be ancestral to today's orangutans?
A.
Gigantopithecus and Sivapithecus
B.
Sivapithecus and Khoratpithecus
C.
Proconsul and Carpolestes
D.
Khoratpithecus and Gigantopithecus
Question #24
The oldest of the Miocene apes and recovered from the continent of Africa is:
A.
Apidium
B.
Aegyptopithecus
C.
Proconsul
D.
Dryopithecus
Question #25
The foundational behavior of hominini was:
A.
habitual bipedal locomotion
B.
speech
C.
hunting
D.
tool use
Question #26
Bipedalism's advantages over quadrupedalism include:
A.
able to run faster
B.
able to see farther distances and more easily transport food
C.
able to climb more efficiently
D.
able to sleep more easily
Question #27
The oldest bipedal ancestors of the lineage leading to humans is currently:
A.
Sahelanthropus tchadensis
B.
Australopithecus afarensis
C.
Orrorin tugenensis
D.
Paranthropus
Question #28
Bipedalism in Sahelanthropus was determined by:
A.
arch in the foot
B.
position of the foramen magnum
C.
shape of the pelvis
D.
length of the femur
Question #29
The oldest hominid yet recovered to date comes from the country of:
A.
Ethiopia
B.
Kenya
C.
Chad
D.
Egypt
Question #30
Distinctive characteristics of robust australopithecines include:
A.
small front teeth and large back teeth
B.
a sagittal crest
C.
all of these
D.
a small brain
Question #31
Which of the following does not apply to Piltdown?
A.
radiocarbon dating demonstrated the fossils could not have come from the same individual
B.
fossils were given the scientific name of Eoanthropus dawsonii
C.
discovery of the Taung child begins to discredit the Piltdown fossils
D.
the fossils were discovered in England
Question #32
Most of the early fossil hominins were recovered from three key countries in Eastern Africa:
A.
Uganda, Ethiopia, Egypt
B.
Sudan, Kenya, Egypt
C.
Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Uganda
D.
Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania
Question #33
Which of the following is incorrect regarding Laetoli?
A.
australopithecines
B.
Kenya
C.
radiopotassium/potassium-argon dating
D.
fossilized footprints
Question #34
In which kind of deposits are the hominids of South Africa frequently discovered?
A.
lava flows/basalt layers
B.
mud and siltstone deposits
C.
sedimentary sandstone
D.
limestone caves
Question #35
Which anatomical characteristic of Orrorin tugenensis was indicative of bipedal locomotion?
A.
the shape of the pelvis
B.
the elbow
C.
the position of the foramen magnum
D.
shape of the femur
Question #36
Which of the following does not pertain to Lucy?
A.
robust australopithecine
B.
Ethiopia
C.
Australopithecus afarensis
D.
fully adult female
Question #37
A preaustralopithecine most likely has which of the following characteristics?
A.
nonhoning chewing, primitive apelike traits, increased brain size
B.
nonhoning chewing, loss of apelike traits, small brain size
C.
modified honing chewing, primitive apelike traits, increased brain size
D.
modified honing chewing, primitive apelike traits and small brain
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