Anthropology 1 - Physical Anthropology » Summer 2019 » Exam 3
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Question #1
The English surveyor who developed the technique of stratigraphic correlation between regions was:
A.
Richard Owen
B.
William Smith
C.
Alfred Wallace
D.
Charles Lyell
Question #2
The study of what happens to an organism's remains after death is:
A.
taphonomy
B.
forensic biology
C.
archaeology
D.
cryptozoology
Question #3
Which of the following is NOT an ideal environment for fossilization?
A.
mud
B.
sand
C.
Rock
D.
acidic soil (as in a jungle)
Question #4
A layer of stratigraphy in one location overwhelmingly represents one species, while the same species is discovered in a similar stratigraphic layer fifty miles away. What method is used to provide an estimate of age for this layer and this species?
A.
biostratigraphy
B.
Steno's law of superposition
C.
Dendrochronology
D.
carbon 14
Question #5
A wooden tomb is discovered with a well-preserved mummy inside. What method could be used to date the tomb?
A.
thermoluminescence
B.
superposition
C.
dendrochronology
D.
electron spin resonance
Question #6
Scientists can determine the type of plant consumed based on:
A.
indes fossils
B.
carbon 13 and carbon 12
C.
carbon 14
D.
isotopes in general
Question #7
An index fossil is:
A.
a fossil used to categorize a stratigraphic layer
B.
The type specimen of a species
C.
a fossil found in a particular site
D.
the ideal specimen of that species that all examples must follow
Question #8
Which dating method would be most appropriate for establishing the age of a volcanic ash layer from an early hominid site in eastern Africa?
A.
amino acid dating
B.
potassium-argon dating
C.
electron spin resonance dating
D.
carbon 14 dating
Question #9
Thermoluminescence dating can provide dates when used on which types of materials?
A.
bone, shell and fabric
B.
sediment, stone and ceramics
C.
shell, ceramics, and wood
D.
bone, wood, and stone
Question #10
Electron spin resonance dating can provide dates when used on which type of material?
A.
stone
B.
wood
C.
teeth
D.
shells
Question #11
Fluorine dating is an example of what type of dating method?
A.
genetic
B.
chemical
C.
chronometric
D.
nonrelative
Question #12
Which of the following does not apply to foraminifera in this chapter?
A.
useful for tracking temperature change
B.
live in the world's oceans
C.
provide for comparisons in two stable forms of oxygen: O12 and O 14
D.
analysis indicates the climate associated with the appearance of the early hominins was drier and more seasonal than in previous times
Question #13
The arboreal hypothesis proposes that defining primate characteristics were adaptations to life in the trees, such as:
A.
grasping hands and feet, developed vision and greater intelligence
B.
developed vision, greater sense of smell and grasping hands and feet
C.
grasping hands, tails and intelligence
D.
developed vision, greater sense of smell and tails
Question #14
Paleocene organisms that may have been the first primates were:
A.
proconsulids
B.
driopithecids
C.
adapids
D.
plesiadapiforms
Question #15
The Euprimates represent :
A.
the first true primates
B.
the first true catarrhini
C.
the first true mammals
D.
the first anthropoids
Question #16
The Eocene adapids and omomyids are most similar to today's lemurs and tarsiers in what ways?
A.
eyes and ears
B.
noses and eyes
C.
hands and feet
D.
hind limbs and feet
Question #17
The heel bone (calcaneus) of Eosimias suggests that it may be a very primitive:
A.
ape
B.
New World monkey
C.
primate
D.
anthropoid
Question #18
The northern African fossil primate called Biretia may be an early anthropoid, based on the morphology of its:
A.
ankle
B.
lower premolar tooth
C.
pelvis
D.
skull
Question #19
If you are examining the fossil remains fo the genus Dryopithecus, they are most likely from where?
A.
Peru
B.
France
C.
India
D.
China
Question #20
Sivapithecus is widely recognized as an ancestral member of which ape lineage?
A.
chimpanzee
B.
orangutan
C.
gibbon
D.
gorilla
Question #21
During the Miocene epoch of the Cenozoic Era, there was an adaptive radiation of which kind of primate?
A.
humans
B.
monkeys
C.
prosimians
D.
apes
Question #22
The most likely common ancestor of all later catarrhines and recovered from North Africa, is:
A.
Oligopithecus
B.
Apidium
C.
Aegyptopithecus
D.
Parapithecus
Question #23
Which two genera may be ancestral to today's orangutans?
A.
Khoratpithecus and Gigantopithecus
B.
Gigantopithecus and Sivapithecus
C.
Proconsul and Carpolestes
D.
Sivapithecus and Khoratpithecus
Question #24
The oldest of the Miocene apes and recovered from the continent of Africa is:
A.
Proconsul
B.
Dryopithecus
C.
Aegyptopithecus
D.
Apidium
Question #25
The foundational behavior of hominini was:
A.
tool use
B.
habitual bipedal locomotion
C.
speech
D.
hunting
Question #26
Bipedalism's advantages over quadrupedalism include:
A.
able to see farther distances and more easily transport food
B.
able to sleep more easily
C.
able to climb more efficiently
D.
able to run faster
Question #27
The oldest bipedal ancestors of the lineage leading to humans is currently:
A.
Orrorin tugenensis
B.
Australopithecus afarensis
C.
Paranthropus
D.
Sahelanthropus tchadensis
Question #28
Bipedalism in Sahelanthropus was determined by:
A.
position of the foramen magnum
B.
arch in the foot
C.
shape of the pelvis
D.
length of the femur
Question #29
The oldest hominid yet recovered to date comes from the country of:
A.
Egypt
B.
Chad
C.
Kenya
D.
Ethiopia
Question #30
Distinctive characteristics of robust australopithecines include:
A.
all of these
B.
a small brain
C.
small front teeth and large back teeth
D.
a sagittal crest
Question #31
Which of the following does not apply to Piltdown?
A.
the fossils were discovered in England
B.
radiocarbon dating demonstrated the fossils could not have come from the same individual
C.
fossils were given the scientific name of Eoanthropus dawsonii
D.
discovery of the Taung child begins to discredit the Piltdown fossils
Question #32
Most of the early fossil hominins were recovered from three key countries in Eastern Africa:
A.
Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Uganda
B.
Uganda, Ethiopia, Egypt
C.
Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania
D.
Sudan, Kenya, Egypt
Question #33
Which of the following is incorrect regarding Laetoli?
A.
australopithecines
B.
Kenya
C.
radiopotassium/potassium-argon dating
D.
fossilized footprints
Question #34
In which kind of deposits are the hominids of South Africa frequently discovered?
A.
limestone caves
B.
mud and siltstone deposits
C.
sedimentary sandstone
D.
lava flows/basalt layers
Question #35
Which anatomical characteristic of Orrorin tugenensis was indicative of bipedal locomotion?
A.
the position of the foramen magnum
B.
shape of the femur
C.
the shape of the pelvis
D.
the elbow
Question #36
Which of the following does not pertain to Lucy?
A.
robust australopithecine
B.
Australopithecus afarensis
C.
Ethiopia
D.
fully adult female
Question #37
A preaustralopithecine most likely has which of the following characteristics?
A.
nonhoning chewing, loss of apelike traits, small brain size
B.
nonhoning chewing, primitive apelike traits, increased brain size
C.
modified honing chewing, primitive apelike traits and small brain
D.
modified honing chewing, primitive apelike traits, increased brain size
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