CJS 340 - Ethics in Criminal Justice » Summer 2019 » Exam 3 - Chapters 12 - 17
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Question #1
The English surveyor who developed the technique of stratigraphic correlation between regions was:
A.
William Smith
B.
Richard Owen
C.
Alfred Wallace
D.
Charles Lyell
Question #2
The study of what happens to an organism's remains after death is:
A.
cryptozoology
B.
taphonomy
C.
forensic biology
D.
archaeology
Question #3
Which of the following is NOT an ideal environment for fossilization?
A.
acidic soil (as in a jungle)
B.
sand
C.
mud
D.
Rock
Question #4
A layer of stratigraphy in one location overwhelmingly represents one species, while the same species is discovered in a similar stratigraphic layer fifty miles away. What method is used to provide an estimate of age for this layer and this species?
A.
Dendrochronology
B.
Steno's law of superposition
C.
biostratigraphy
D.
carbon 14
Question #5
A wooden tomb is discovered with a well-preserved mummy inside. What method could be used to date the tomb?
A.
electron spin resonance
B.
thermoluminescence
C.
dendrochronology
D.
superposition
Question #6
Scientists can determine the type of plant consumed based on:
A.
carbon 13 and carbon 12
B.
indes fossils
C.
isotopes in general
D.
carbon 14
Question #7
An index fossil is:
A.
the ideal specimen of that species that all examples must follow
B.
a fossil used to categorize a stratigraphic layer
C.
The type specimen of a species
D.
a fossil found in a particular site
Question #8
Which dating method would be most appropriate for establishing the age of a volcanic ash layer from an early hominid site in eastern Africa?
A.
potassium-argon dating
B.
electron spin resonance dating
C.
carbon 14 dating
D.
amino acid dating
Question #9
Thermoluminescence dating can provide dates when used on which types of materials?
A.
shell, ceramics, and wood
B.
sediment, stone and ceramics
C.
bone, wood, and stone
D.
bone, shell and fabric
Question #10
Electron spin resonance dating can provide dates when used on which type of material?
A.
wood
B.
stone
C.
teeth
D.
shells
Question #11
Fluorine dating is an example of what type of dating method?
A.
nonrelative
B.
genetic
C.
chronometric
D.
chemical
Question #12
Which of the following does not apply to foraminifera in this chapter?
A.
useful for tracking temperature change
B.
provide for comparisons in two stable forms of oxygen: O12 and O 14
C.
analysis indicates the climate associated with the appearance of the early hominins was drier and more seasonal than in previous times
D.
live in the world's oceans
Question #13
The arboreal hypothesis proposes that defining primate characteristics were adaptations to life in the trees, such as:
A.
developed vision, greater sense of smell and tails
B.
grasping hands and feet, developed vision and greater intelligence
C.
grasping hands, tails and intelligence
D.
developed vision, greater sense of smell and grasping hands and feet
Question #14
Paleocene organisms that may have been the first primates were:
A.
proconsulids
B.
adapids
C.
driopithecids
D.
plesiadapiforms
Question #15
The Euprimates represent :
A.
the first anthropoids
B.
the first true primates
C.
the first true catarrhini
D.
the first true mammals
Question #16
The Eocene adapids and omomyids are most similar to today's lemurs and tarsiers in what ways?
A.
noses and eyes
B.
hind limbs and feet
C.
eyes and ears
D.
hands and feet
Question #17
The heel bone (calcaneus) of Eosimias suggests that it may be a very primitive:
A.
primate
B.
New World monkey
C.
anthropoid
D.
ape
Question #18
The northern African fossil primate called Biretia may be an early anthropoid, based on the morphology of its:
A.
skull
B.
ankle
C.
pelvis
D.
lower premolar tooth
Question #19
If you are examining the fossil remains fo the genus Dryopithecus, they are most likely from where?
A.
China
B.
India
C.
Peru
D.
France
Question #20
Sivapithecus is widely recognized as an ancestral member of which ape lineage?
A.
orangutan
B.
gibbon
C.
gorilla
D.
chimpanzee
Question #21
During the Miocene epoch of the Cenozoic Era, there was an adaptive radiation of which kind of primate?
A.
apes
B.
humans
C.
prosimians
D.
monkeys
Question #22
The most likely common ancestor of all later catarrhines and recovered from North Africa, is:
A.
Parapithecus
B.
Oligopithecus
C.
Apidium
D.
Aegyptopithecus
Question #23
Which two genera may be ancestral to today's orangutans?
A.
Khoratpithecus and Gigantopithecus
B.
Gigantopithecus and Sivapithecus
C.
Sivapithecus and Khoratpithecus
D.
Proconsul and Carpolestes
Question #24
The oldest of the Miocene apes and recovered from the continent of Africa is:
A.
Dryopithecus
B.
Apidium
C.
Proconsul
D.
Aegyptopithecus
Question #25
The foundational behavior of hominini was:
A.
speech
B.
hunting
C.
tool use
D.
habitual bipedal locomotion
Question #26
Bipedalism's advantages over quadrupedalism include:
A.
able to see farther distances and more easily transport food
B.
able to climb more efficiently
C.
able to sleep more easily
D.
able to run faster
Question #27
The oldest bipedal ancestors of the lineage leading to humans is currently:
A.
Sahelanthropus tchadensis
B.
Paranthropus
C.
Australopithecus afarensis
D.
Orrorin tugenensis
Question #28
Bipedalism in Sahelanthropus was determined by:
A.
shape of the pelvis
B.
length of the femur
C.
arch in the foot
D.
position of the foramen magnum
Question #29
The oldest hominid yet recovered to date comes from the country of:
A.
Egypt
B.
Kenya
C.
Chad
D.
Ethiopia
Question #30
Distinctive characteristics of robust australopithecines include:
A.
all of these
B.
small front teeth and large back teeth
C.
a sagittal crest
D.
a small brain
Question #31
Which of the following does not apply to Piltdown?
A.
fossils were given the scientific name of Eoanthropus dawsonii
B.
the fossils were discovered in England
C.
discovery of the Taung child begins to discredit the Piltdown fossils
D.
radiocarbon dating demonstrated the fossils could not have come from the same individual
Question #32
Most of the early fossil hominins were recovered from three key countries in Eastern Africa:
A.
Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania
B.
Uganda, Ethiopia, Egypt
C.
Sudan, Kenya, Egypt
D.
Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Uganda
Question #33
Which of the following is incorrect regarding Laetoli?
A.
fossilized footprints
B.
radiopotassium/potassium-argon dating
C.
australopithecines
D.
Kenya
Question #34
In which kind of deposits are the hominids of South Africa frequently discovered?
A.
mud and siltstone deposits
B.
limestone caves
C.
sedimentary sandstone
D.
lava flows/basalt layers
Question #35
Which anatomical characteristic of Orrorin tugenensis was indicative of bipedal locomotion?
A.
the shape of the pelvis
B.
shape of the femur
C.
the position of the foramen magnum
D.
the elbow
Question #36
Which of the following does not pertain to Lucy?
A.
Australopithecus afarensis
B.
Ethiopia
C.
fully adult female
D.
robust australopithecine
Question #37
A preaustralopithecine most likely has which of the following characteristics?
A.
modified honing chewing, primitive apelike traits, increased brain size
B.
modified honing chewing, primitive apelike traits and small brain
C.
nonhoning chewing, loss of apelike traits, small brain size
D.
nonhoning chewing, primitive apelike traits, increased brain size
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