CJS 340 - Ethics in Criminal Justice » Summer 2019 » Exam 3 - Chapters 12 - 17
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Question #1
The English surveyor who developed the technique of stratigraphic correlation between regions was:
A.
Charles Lyell
B.
William Smith
C.
Alfred Wallace
D.
Richard Owen
Question #2
The study of what happens to an organism's remains after death is:
A.
forensic biology
B.
taphonomy
C.
cryptozoology
D.
archaeology
Question #3
Which of the following is NOT an ideal environment for fossilization?
A.
acidic soil (as in a jungle)
B.
sand
C.
Rock
D.
mud
Question #4
A layer of stratigraphy in one location overwhelmingly represents one species, while the same species is discovered in a similar stratigraphic layer fifty miles away. What method is used to provide an estimate of age for this layer and this species?
A.
carbon 14
B.
Steno's law of superposition
C.
biostratigraphy
D.
Dendrochronology
Question #5
A wooden tomb is discovered with a well-preserved mummy inside. What method could be used to date the tomb?
A.
dendrochronology
B.
superposition
C.
electron spin resonance
D.
thermoluminescence
Question #6
Scientists can determine the type of plant consumed based on:
A.
carbon 14
B.
indes fossils
C.
isotopes in general
D.
carbon 13 and carbon 12
Question #7
An index fossil is:
A.
the ideal specimen of that species that all examples must follow
B.
a fossil used to categorize a stratigraphic layer
C.
The type specimen of a species
D.
a fossil found in a particular site
Question #8
Which dating method would be most appropriate for establishing the age of a volcanic ash layer from an early hominid site in eastern Africa?
A.
potassium-argon dating
B.
carbon 14 dating
C.
amino acid dating
D.
electron spin resonance dating
Question #9
Thermoluminescence dating can provide dates when used on which types of materials?
A.
sediment, stone and ceramics
B.
shell, ceramics, and wood
C.
bone, wood, and stone
D.
bone, shell and fabric
Question #10
Electron spin resonance dating can provide dates when used on which type of material?
A.
shells
B.
wood
C.
teeth
D.
stone
Question #11
Fluorine dating is an example of what type of dating method?
A.
nonrelative
B.
genetic
C.
chemical
D.
chronometric
Question #12
Which of the following does not apply to foraminifera in this chapter?
A.
useful for tracking temperature change
B.
analysis indicates the climate associated with the appearance of the early hominins was drier and more seasonal than in previous times
C.
live in the world's oceans
D.
provide for comparisons in two stable forms of oxygen: O12 and O 14
Question #13
The arboreal hypothesis proposes that defining primate characteristics were adaptations to life in the trees, such as:
A.
grasping hands and feet, developed vision and greater intelligence
B.
developed vision, greater sense of smell and tails
C.
grasping hands, tails and intelligence
D.
developed vision, greater sense of smell and grasping hands and feet
Question #14
Paleocene organisms that may have been the first primates were:
A.
proconsulids
B.
adapids
C.
driopithecids
D.
plesiadapiforms
Question #15
The Euprimates represent :
A.
the first true catarrhini
B.
the first true mammals
C.
the first anthropoids
D.
the first true primates
Question #16
The Eocene adapids and omomyids are most similar to today's lemurs and tarsiers in what ways?
A.
hands and feet
B.
noses and eyes
C.
eyes and ears
D.
hind limbs and feet
Question #17
The heel bone (calcaneus) of Eosimias suggests that it may be a very primitive:
A.
anthropoid
B.
ape
C.
primate
D.
New World monkey
Question #18
The northern African fossil primate called Biretia may be an early anthropoid, based on the morphology of its:
A.
pelvis
B.
lower premolar tooth
C.
ankle
D.
skull
Question #19
If you are examining the fossil remains fo the genus Dryopithecus, they are most likely from where?
A.
China
B.
India
C.
Peru
D.
France
Question #20
Sivapithecus is widely recognized as an ancestral member of which ape lineage?
A.
gorilla
B.
chimpanzee
C.
orangutan
D.
gibbon
Question #21
During the Miocene epoch of the Cenozoic Era, there was an adaptive radiation of which kind of primate?
A.
apes
B.
humans
C.
prosimians
D.
monkeys
Question #22
The most likely common ancestor of all later catarrhines and recovered from North Africa, is:
A.
Aegyptopithecus
B.
Apidium
C.
Parapithecus
D.
Oligopithecus
Question #23
Which two genera may be ancestral to today's orangutans?
A.
Proconsul and Carpolestes
B.
Khoratpithecus and Gigantopithecus
C.
Gigantopithecus and Sivapithecus
D.
Sivapithecus and Khoratpithecus
Question #24
The oldest of the Miocene apes and recovered from the continent of Africa is:
A.
Apidium
B.
Dryopithecus
C.
Proconsul
D.
Aegyptopithecus
Question #25
The foundational behavior of hominini was:
A.
tool use
B.
speech
C.
habitual bipedal locomotion
D.
hunting
Question #26
Bipedalism's advantages over quadrupedalism include:
A.
able to see farther distances and more easily transport food
B.
able to run faster
C.
able to climb more efficiently
D.
able to sleep more easily
Question #27
The oldest bipedal ancestors of the lineage leading to humans is currently:
A.
Australopithecus afarensis
B.
Sahelanthropus tchadensis
C.
Orrorin tugenensis
D.
Paranthropus
Question #28
Bipedalism in Sahelanthropus was determined by:
A.
arch in the foot
B.
length of the femur
C.
position of the foramen magnum
D.
shape of the pelvis
Question #29
The oldest hominid yet recovered to date comes from the country of:
A.
Kenya
B.
Ethiopia
C.
Chad
D.
Egypt
Question #30
Distinctive characteristics of robust australopithecines include:
A.
all of these
B.
a small brain
C.
a sagittal crest
D.
small front teeth and large back teeth
Question #31
Which of the following does not apply to Piltdown?
A.
the fossils were discovered in England
B.
discovery of the Taung child begins to discredit the Piltdown fossils
C.
fossils were given the scientific name of Eoanthropus dawsonii
D.
radiocarbon dating demonstrated the fossils could not have come from the same individual
Question #32
Most of the early fossil hominins were recovered from three key countries in Eastern Africa:
A.
Uganda, Ethiopia, Egypt
B.
Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania
C.
Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Uganda
D.
Sudan, Kenya, Egypt
Question #33
Which of the following is incorrect regarding Laetoli?
A.
Kenya
B.
radiopotassium/potassium-argon dating
C.
fossilized footprints
D.
australopithecines
Question #34
In which kind of deposits are the hominids of South Africa frequently discovered?
A.
lava flows/basalt layers
B.
mud and siltstone deposits
C.
sedimentary sandstone
D.
limestone caves
Question #35
Which anatomical characteristic of Orrorin tugenensis was indicative of bipedal locomotion?
A.
shape of the femur
B.
the position of the foramen magnum
C.
the elbow
D.
the shape of the pelvis
Question #36
Which of the following does not pertain to Lucy?
A.
fully adult female
B.
robust australopithecine
C.
Ethiopia
D.
Australopithecus afarensis
Question #37
A preaustralopithecine most likely has which of the following characteristics?
A.
nonhoning chewing, loss of apelike traits, small brain size
B.
modified honing chewing, primitive apelike traits, increased brain size
C.
modified honing chewing, primitive apelike traits and small brain
D.
nonhoning chewing, primitive apelike traits, increased brain size
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