Political Science 001 - The Government of the United States » Winter 2022 » Quiz 2 Chapters 4, 5, and 6

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Question #1
Civil liberties
A.   limit government actions against individuals.
B.   are not particularly important in the United States.
C.   are a threat to libertarians.
D.   allow the government the freedom or liberty to do what is necessary to run the country.
E.   none of the above.
Question #2
As originally presented in the Constitution, the Bill of Rights
A.   limited only the power of state governments.
B.   protected citizens from the national and state governments, but not from local governments.
C.   limited only the power of the national government, not that of the states.
D.   protected citizens from all forms of government.
E.   contained no language on religion.
Question #3
The Fourteenth Amendment has been used to
A.   codify the right to privacy.
B.   protect individuals’ freedom of religion.
C.   abolish slavery.
D.   establish the supremacy doctrine.
E.   apply the Bill of Rights to the state and local governments.
Question #4
The Supreme Court began applying the Bill of Rights to state governments
A.   only in 1940, in a case dealing with freedom of religion.
B.   beginning in 1897 when the Supreme Court began to realize that various provisions of the Bill of Rights protecting fundamental liberties must also be upheld by the states.
C.   immediately.
D.   only in 1880, in cases dealing with criminal procedure.
E.   only after the impeachment of various justices was debated in Congress.
F.     
Question #5
The incorporation theory (or “selective incorporation” theory)
A.   allows the federal government to give licenses to corporations.
B.   allows states’ equal rights.
C.   holds the view that most of the protections of the Bill of Rights apply to state and local governments’ activities through the Fourteenth Amendment.
D.   has been applied to all of the Bill of Rights.
E.   established the precedent for eminent domain.
Question #6
The establishment clause in the First Amendment
A.   has been applied to questions of the legality of state and local government aid to religious organizations and schools.
B.   all the above.
C.   has been used to decide the actions of government allowing or prohibiting school prayer.
D.   is different than the free exercise clause.
E.   means that neither the federal government nor state governments can set up a church.
Question #7
According to the textbook, expression could be restricted if
A.   it does not deal with a political question.
B.   the speaker is not a citizen of the United States.
C.   it is found to be offensive to religious organizations.
D.   evidence exists that such expression would cause a condition that would endanger the public or lead to an incitement of violence.
E.   and only if the United States is at war.
Question #8
Libel is
A.   another word for slander.
B.   the amount of insurance one must have on a motor vehicle.
C.   defamation of character in written form.
D.   printed material that cannot be proved true.
E.   a form of civil rights for indigents.
Question #9
All of the following are true except that
A.   civil liberties and civil rights are the exact same thing.
B.   civil rights specify what government must do to ensure freedom from discrimination.
C.   civil rights refer to the rights of Americans to equal protection under the law.
D.   civil liberties are limitations on the government—what government cannot do.
E.   Thomas Jefferson drew on the ideas of John Locke to express the colonists’ belief that they had certain inalienable or natural rights.
Question #10
The Fourteenth Amendment does all of the following except
A.   proclaim that all persons born in the United States are citizens of the United States.
B.   state that the right to vote shall not be abridged on account of race.
C.   provide that no state shall deny any person equal protection of the laws.
D.   provide that no state shall deprive individuals of the privileges and immunities enjoyed by citizens of the United States.
E.   dictate that no state shall deny any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law.
Question #11
In 1896, the United States Supreme Court case of Plessy v. Ferguson
A.   ruled that African Americans are not persons for the purposes of the Constitution.
B.   stated that schools may not practice any type of racial segregation.
C.   ruled that the practice of slavery must cease before the end of the century.
D.   agreed that separation of races is not a violation of the Constitution.
E.   tried to stop the development of legal racial segregation known as Jim Crow laws.
Question #12
In the case of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954), the U.S. Supreme Court held that
A.   the national government does not have the power to force any type of action on local school boards.
B.   public school segregation of races violates the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment and leads to feelings of inferiority among African American school children.
C.   African Americans could not be denied the right to a college education.
D.   separation of races for a reason such as education is not a violation of the Constitution.
E.   ethnic minorities have no rights to equal treatment by the government.
Question #13
Which of the following is true?
A.   The philosophy of Dr. King was to fight back when being attacked or confronted by whites. The bus boycott in Montgomery failed in its attempt to help integration.
B.   Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama, an action which led to a bus boycottt. The Civil Rights Movement was led by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
C.   The philosophy of Dr. King was to fight back when being attacked or confronted by whites.
D.   The bus boycott in Montgomery failed in its attempt to help integration.
Question #14
A significant positive result of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was
A.   that the number of African Americans registered to vote declined dramatically.
B.   a constitutional amendment changing the voting age.
C.   state governments passing laws that allowed considerable discrimination toward ethnic minorities.
D.   the elimination of discriminatory voter registration tests.
E.   dozens of federal court decisions stating that it was not within the power of Congress to dictate to the states how they should conduct their elections.
Question #15
  
A.   is gender discrimination.
B.   violates Title IV.
C.   is sexual harassment.
D.   is considered illegal if engaged in by a private corporation but acceptable if engaged in by the government.
E.   violates the Civil Rights Act of 1968.
Question #16
All of the following are true of civil rights of immigrants except that
A.   the Supreme Court has ruled that constitutional guarantees apply to every person in the U.S.
B.   the Supreme Court has stated that Congress may make rules as to “aliens” (undocumented residents) that would be unacceptable if applied to citizens.
C.   protections in the Bill of Rights are limited only to those who are U.S. citizens.
D.   immigrants who are not citizens have fewer rights than any other identifiable group in the U.S.
E.   Hispanic Americans and Asian Americans have the same rights as all other Americans.
Question #17
The Supreme Court ruled in the 1978 Bakke case that
A.   quota systems are constitutional.
B.   all affirmative action programs were ruled unconstitutional.
C.   colleges and universities could consider race when deciding whom to admit but could not establish racial quotas.
D.   race cannot be considered as a factor at all in making admissions decisions.
E.   affirmative action programs were allowable in law schools but not to be utilized in medical schools.
Question #18
  
A.   in 1969, following a riot that broke out when police raided the Stonewall Inn, a New York gay bar.
B.   in 1996, with the campaign for same-sex marriage.
C.   in 1986, with a campaign against sodomy laws.
D.   when gay veterans of World War II organized in the 1950s.
E.   with the growth of the Civil Rights Movement in the early 1960s.
Question #19
All of the following are true of public opinion except that
A.   it can be a powerful resource for politicians and campaign managers.
B.   it is shared in online forums.
C.   it can be expressed by physical letters or emails written to newspapers.
D.   it can be used by media members to write news stories that Americans want.
E.   it plays a small role in our political system.
Question #20
Both early and recent findings suggest that children are strongly inclined to adopt the political beliefs and attitudes of their _______ .
A.   grandparents.
B.   parents.
C.   classroom peers.
D.   next door neighbors.
E.   babysitters.
Question #21
The process by which people acquire political beliefs and attitudes is called
A.   peer grouping.
B.   political socialization.
C.   agenda setting.
D.   consensus building.
E.   opinion leadership.
Question #22
African American voters in recent presidential elections tend to vote _______ for the __________ Presidential candidate.
A.   strongly; Libertarian
B.   moderately; Democratic
C.   strongly; Republican
D.   strongly; Democratic
E.   weakly; Democratic
Question #23
Hispanic voters since the 2012 Presidential Election tend to
A.   focus almost totally on domestic issues.
B.   vote for candidates that are politically conservative.
C.   be similar to the overall population in political preferences.
D.   be more liberal than average on economic and cultural issues.
E.   vote at a lower rate than Protestants.
Question #24
Which of the following is an incorrect statement?
A.   most African Americans have supported the Republican Party since the 1960s.
B.   Overall, Hispanics have favored the Democrats.
C.   Asian American groups have usually leaned toward the Democrats, but often by narrow margins.
D.   Cuban Americans are more likely to support Republicans than Democrats.
E.   Muslim Americans of Middle Eastern ancestry tend to be culturally conservative.
Question #25
A random sample means that
A.   the poll is unscientific.
B.   every person in the target population who is encountered is selected.
C.   every person in the target population has an equal chance of being selected.
D.   there is no pre-planning in the selection process.
E.   researchers decide how many persons of certain types they need in the survey.

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