Political Science 001 - The Government of the United States » Winter 2022 » Quiz 2 Chapters 4, 5, and 6

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Question #1
Civil liberties
A.   allow the government the freedom or liberty to do what is necessary to run the country.
B.   are not particularly important in the United States.
C.   limit government actions against individuals.
D.   are a threat to libertarians.
E.   none of the above.
Question #2
As originally presented in the Constitution, the Bill of Rights
A.   protected citizens from the national and state governments, but not from local governments.
B.   contained no language on religion.
C.   limited only the power of state governments.
D.   protected citizens from all forms of government.
E.   limited only the power of the national government, not that of the states.
Question #3
The Fourteenth Amendment has been used to
A.   apply the Bill of Rights to the state and local governments.
B.   abolish slavery.
C.   protect individuals’ freedom of religion.
D.   codify the right to privacy.
E.   establish the supremacy doctrine.
Question #4
The Supreme Court began applying the Bill of Rights to state governments
A.   only after the impeachment of various justices was debated in Congress.
B.     
C.   immediately.
D.   only in 1880, in cases dealing with criminal procedure.
E.   only in 1940, in a case dealing with freedom of religion.
F.   beginning in 1897 when the Supreme Court began to realize that various provisions of the Bill of Rights protecting fundamental liberties must also be upheld by the states.
Question #5
The incorporation theory (or “selective incorporation” theory)
A.   holds the view that most of the protections of the Bill of Rights apply to state and local governments’ activities through the Fourteenth Amendment.
B.   has been applied to all of the Bill of Rights.
C.   allows the federal government to give licenses to corporations.
D.   allows states’ equal rights.
E.   established the precedent for eminent domain.
Question #6
The establishment clause in the First Amendment
A.   all the above.
B.   is different than the free exercise clause.
C.   has been used to decide the actions of government allowing or prohibiting school prayer.
D.   means that neither the federal government nor state governments can set up a church.
E.   has been applied to questions of the legality of state and local government aid to religious organizations and schools.
Question #7
According to the textbook, expression could be restricted if
A.   it does not deal with a political question.
B.   the speaker is not a citizen of the United States.
C.   evidence exists that such expression would cause a condition that would endanger the public or lead to an incitement of violence.
D.   it is found to be offensive to religious organizations.
E.   and only if the United States is at war.
Question #8
Libel is
A.   another word for slander.
B.   defamation of character in written form.
C.   the amount of insurance one must have on a motor vehicle.
D.   a form of civil rights for indigents.
E.   printed material that cannot be proved true.
Question #9
All of the following are true except that
A.   civil rights specify what government must do to ensure freedom from discrimination.
B.   Thomas Jefferson drew on the ideas of John Locke to express the colonists’ belief that they had certain inalienable or natural rights.
C.   civil liberties and civil rights are the exact same thing.
D.   civil rights refer to the rights of Americans to equal protection under the law.
E.   civil liberties are limitations on the government—what government cannot do.
Question #10
The Fourteenth Amendment does all of the following except
A.   provide that no state shall deny any person equal protection of the laws.
B.   state that the right to vote shall not be abridged on account of race.
C.   provide that no state shall deprive individuals of the privileges and immunities enjoyed by citizens of the United States.
D.   dictate that no state shall deny any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law.
E.   proclaim that all persons born in the United States are citizens of the United States.
Question #11
In 1896, the United States Supreme Court case of Plessy v. Ferguson
A.   stated that schools may not practice any type of racial segregation.
B.   ruled that African Americans are not persons for the purposes of the Constitution.
C.   ruled that the practice of slavery must cease before the end of the century.
D.   agreed that separation of races is not a violation of the Constitution.
E.   tried to stop the development of legal racial segregation known as Jim Crow laws.
Question #12
In the case of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954), the U.S. Supreme Court held that
A.   separation of races for a reason such as education is not a violation of the Constitution.
B.   ethnic minorities have no rights to equal treatment by the government.
C.   public school segregation of races violates the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment and leads to feelings of inferiority among African American school children.
D.   the national government does not have the power to force any type of action on local school boards.
E.   African Americans could not be denied the right to a college education.
Question #13
Which of the following is true?
A.   The philosophy of Dr. King was to fight back when being attacked or confronted by whites. The bus boycott in Montgomery failed in its attempt to help integration.
B.   Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama, an action which led to a bus boycottt. The Civil Rights Movement was led by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
C.   The bus boycott in Montgomery failed in its attempt to help integration.
D.   The philosophy of Dr. King was to fight back when being attacked or confronted by whites.
Question #14
A significant positive result of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was
A.   the elimination of discriminatory voter registration tests.
B.   a constitutional amendment changing the voting age.
C.   that the number of African Americans registered to vote declined dramatically.
D.   state governments passing laws that allowed considerable discrimination toward ethnic minorities.
E.   dozens of federal court decisions stating that it was not within the power of Congress to dictate to the states how they should conduct their elections.
Question #15
  
A.   violates Title IV.
B.   is gender discrimination.
C.   violates the Civil Rights Act of 1968.
D.   is considered illegal if engaged in by a private corporation but acceptable if engaged in by the government.
E.   is sexual harassment.
Question #16
All of the following are true of civil rights of immigrants except that
A.   the Supreme Court has ruled that constitutional guarantees apply to every person in the U.S.
B.   immigrants who are not citizens have fewer rights than any other identifiable group in the U.S.
C.   the Supreme Court has stated that Congress may make rules as to “aliens” (undocumented residents) that would be unacceptable if applied to citizens.
D.   Hispanic Americans and Asian Americans have the same rights as all other Americans.
E.   protections in the Bill of Rights are limited only to those who are U.S. citizens.
Question #17
The Supreme Court ruled in the 1978 Bakke case that
A.   all affirmative action programs were ruled unconstitutional.
B.   colleges and universities could consider race when deciding whom to admit but could not establish racial quotas.
C.   race cannot be considered as a factor at all in making admissions decisions.
D.   affirmative action programs were allowable in law schools but not to be utilized in medical schools.
E.   quota systems are constitutional.
Question #18
  
A.   when gay veterans of World War II organized in the 1950s.
B.   with the growth of the Civil Rights Movement in the early 1960s.
C.   in 1996, with the campaign for same-sex marriage.
D.   in 1986, with a campaign against sodomy laws.
E.   in 1969, following a riot that broke out when police raided the Stonewall Inn, a New York gay bar.
Question #19
All of the following are true of public opinion except that
A.   it can be used by media members to write news stories that Americans want.
B.   it plays a small role in our political system.
C.   it is shared in online forums.
D.   it can be expressed by physical letters or emails written to newspapers.
E.   it can be a powerful resource for politicians and campaign managers.
Question #20
Both early and recent findings suggest that children are strongly inclined to adopt the political beliefs and attitudes of their _______ .
A.   babysitters.
B.   classroom peers.
C.   parents.
D.   grandparents.
E.   next door neighbors.
Question #21
The process by which people acquire political beliefs and attitudes is called
A.   agenda setting.
B.   consensus building.
C.   peer grouping.
D.   political socialization.
E.   opinion leadership.
Question #22
African American voters in recent presidential elections tend to vote _______ for the __________ Presidential candidate.
A.   strongly; Democratic
B.   strongly; Republican
C.   moderately; Democratic
D.   strongly; Libertarian
E.   weakly; Democratic
Question #23
Hispanic voters since the 2012 Presidential Election tend to
A.   vote at a lower rate than Protestants.
B.   vote for candidates that are politically conservative.
C.   be similar to the overall population in political preferences.
D.   focus almost totally on domestic issues.
E.   be more liberal than average on economic and cultural issues.
Question #24
Which of the following is an incorrect statement?
A.   Cuban Americans are more likely to support Republicans than Democrats.
B.   Asian American groups have usually leaned toward the Democrats, but often by narrow margins.
C.   Overall, Hispanics have favored the Democrats.
D.   Muslim Americans of Middle Eastern ancestry tend to be culturally conservative.
E.   most African Americans have supported the Republican Party since the 1960s.
Question #25
A random sample means that
A.   researchers decide how many persons of certain types they need in the survey.
B.   every person in the target population has an equal chance of being selected.
C.   every person in the target population who is encountered is selected.
D.   there is no pre-planning in the selection process.
E.   the poll is unscientific.

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