Political Science 001 - The Government of the United States » Winter 2022 » Quiz 2 Chapters 4, 5, and 6

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Question #1
Civil liberties
A.   are not particularly important in the United States.
B.   limit government actions against individuals.
C.   are a threat to libertarians.
D.   allow the government the freedom or liberty to do what is necessary to run the country.
E.   none of the above.
Question #2
As originally presented in the Constitution, the Bill of Rights
A.   contained no language on religion.
B.   protected citizens from all forms of government.
C.   protected citizens from the national and state governments, but not from local governments.
D.   limited only the power of state governments.
E.   limited only the power of the national government, not that of the states.
Question #3
The Fourteenth Amendment has been used to
A.   abolish slavery.
B.   establish the supremacy doctrine.
C.   apply the Bill of Rights to the state and local governments.
D.   codify the right to privacy.
E.   protect individuals’ freedom of religion.
Question #4
The Supreme Court began applying the Bill of Rights to state governments
A.     
B.   beginning in 1897 when the Supreme Court began to realize that various provisions of the Bill of Rights protecting fundamental liberties must also be upheld by the states.
C.   only after the impeachment of various justices was debated in Congress.
D.   immediately.
E.   only in 1880, in cases dealing with criminal procedure.
F.   only in 1940, in a case dealing with freedom of religion.
Question #5
The incorporation theory (or “selective incorporation” theory)
A.   holds the view that most of the protections of the Bill of Rights apply to state and local governments’ activities through the Fourteenth Amendment.
B.   established the precedent for eminent domain.
C.   allows states’ equal rights.
D.   allows the federal government to give licenses to corporations.
E.   has been applied to all of the Bill of Rights.
Question #6
The establishment clause in the First Amendment
A.   is different than the free exercise clause.
B.   all the above.
C.   has been applied to questions of the legality of state and local government aid to religious organizations and schools.
D.   means that neither the federal government nor state governments can set up a church.
E.   has been used to decide the actions of government allowing or prohibiting school prayer.
Question #7
According to the textbook, expression could be restricted if
A.   evidence exists that such expression would cause a condition that would endanger the public or lead to an incitement of violence.
B.   it does not deal with a political question.
C.   it is found to be offensive to religious organizations.
D.   and only if the United States is at war.
E.   the speaker is not a citizen of the United States.
Question #8
Libel is
A.   defamation of character in written form.
B.   another word for slander.
C.   printed material that cannot be proved true.
D.   the amount of insurance one must have on a motor vehicle.
E.   a form of civil rights for indigents.
Question #9
All of the following are true except that
A.   Thomas Jefferson drew on the ideas of John Locke to express the colonists’ belief that they had certain inalienable or natural rights.
B.   civil rights specify what government must do to ensure freedom from discrimination.
C.   civil liberties and civil rights are the exact same thing.
D.   civil liberties are limitations on the government—what government cannot do.
E.   civil rights refer to the rights of Americans to equal protection under the law.
Question #10
The Fourteenth Amendment does all of the following except
A.   provide that no state shall deprive individuals of the privileges and immunities enjoyed by citizens of the United States.
B.   proclaim that all persons born in the United States are citizens of the United States.
C.   provide that no state shall deny any person equal protection of the laws.
D.   dictate that no state shall deny any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law.
E.   state that the right to vote shall not be abridged on account of race.
Question #11
In 1896, the United States Supreme Court case of Plessy v. Ferguson
A.   ruled that African Americans are not persons for the purposes of the Constitution.
B.   agreed that separation of races is not a violation of the Constitution.
C.   ruled that the practice of slavery must cease before the end of the century.
D.   tried to stop the development of legal racial segregation known as Jim Crow laws.
E.   stated that schools may not practice any type of racial segregation.
Question #12
In the case of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954), the U.S. Supreme Court held that
A.   ethnic minorities have no rights to equal treatment by the government.
B.   the national government does not have the power to force any type of action on local school boards.
C.   African Americans could not be denied the right to a college education.
D.   separation of races for a reason such as education is not a violation of the Constitution.
E.   public school segregation of races violates the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment and leads to feelings of inferiority among African American school children.
Question #13
Which of the following is true?
A.   The philosophy of Dr. King was to fight back when being attacked or confronted by whites. The bus boycott in Montgomery failed in its attempt to help integration.
B.   Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama, an action which led to a bus boycottt. The Civil Rights Movement was led by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
C.   The philosophy of Dr. King was to fight back when being attacked or confronted by whites.
D.   The bus boycott in Montgomery failed in its attempt to help integration.
Question #14
A significant positive result of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was
A.   state governments passing laws that allowed considerable discrimination toward ethnic minorities.
B.   dozens of federal court decisions stating that it was not within the power of Congress to dictate to the states how they should conduct their elections.
C.   that the number of African Americans registered to vote declined dramatically.
D.   a constitutional amendment changing the voting age.
E.   the elimination of discriminatory voter registration tests.
Question #15
  
A.   is sexual harassment.
B.   violates the Civil Rights Act of 1968.
C.   violates Title IV.
D.   is considered illegal if engaged in by a private corporation but acceptable if engaged in by the government.
E.   is gender discrimination.
Question #16
All of the following are true of civil rights of immigrants except that
A.   immigrants who are not citizens have fewer rights than any other identifiable group in the U.S.
B.   protections in the Bill of Rights are limited only to those who are U.S. citizens.
C.   the Supreme Court has ruled that constitutional guarantees apply to every person in the U.S.
D.   the Supreme Court has stated that Congress may make rules as to “aliens” (undocumented residents) that would be unacceptable if applied to citizens.
E.   Hispanic Americans and Asian Americans have the same rights as all other Americans.
Question #17
The Supreme Court ruled in the 1978 Bakke case that
A.   race cannot be considered as a factor at all in making admissions decisions.
B.   colleges and universities could consider race when deciding whom to admit but could not establish racial quotas.
C.   affirmative action programs were allowable in law schools but not to be utilized in medical schools.
D.   quota systems are constitutional.
E.   all affirmative action programs were ruled unconstitutional.
Question #18
The modern movement for the rights of gay men and lesbians began
A.   in 1996, with the campaign for same-sex marriage.
B.   when gay veterans of World War II organized in the 1950s.
C.   in 1969, following a riot that broke out when police raided the Stonewall Inn, a New York gay bar.
D.   in 1986, with a campaign against sodomy laws.
E.   with the growth of the Civil Rights Movement in the early 1960s.
Question #19
All of the following are true of public opinion except that
A.   it can be used by media members to write news stories that Americans want.
B.   it plays a small role in our political system.
C.   it is shared in online forums.
D.   it can be expressed by physical letters or emails written to newspapers.
E.   it can be a powerful resource for politicians and campaign managers.
Question #20
Both early and recent findings suggest that children are strongly inclined to adopt the political beliefs and attitudes of their _______ .
A.   classroom peers.
B.   next door neighbors.
C.   grandparents.
D.   parents.
E.   babysitters.
Question #21
The process by which people acquire political beliefs and attitudes is called
A.   opinion leadership.
B.   political socialization.
C.   agenda setting.
D.   peer grouping.
E.   consensus building.
Question #22
African American voters in recent presidential elections tend to vote _______ for the __________ Presidential candidate.
A.   moderately; Democratic
B.   weakly; Democratic
C.   strongly; Republican
D.   strongly; Libertarian
E.   strongly; Democratic
Question #23
Hispanic voters since the 2012 Presidential Election tend to
A.   vote for candidates that are politically conservative.
B.   focus almost totally on domestic issues.
C.   vote at a lower rate than Protestants.
D.   be more liberal than average on economic and cultural issues.
E.   be similar to the overall population in political preferences.
Question #24
Which of the following is an incorrect statement?
A.   Overall, Hispanics have favored the Democrats.
B.   Cuban Americans are more likely to support Republicans than Democrats.
C.   Muslim Americans of Middle Eastern ancestry tend to be culturally conservative.
D.   Asian American groups have usually leaned toward the Democrats, but often by narrow margins.
E.   most African Americans have supported the Republican Party since the 1960s.
Question #25
A random sample means that
A.   every person in the target population has an equal chance of being selected.
B.   researchers decide how many persons of certain types they need in the survey.
C.   there is no pre-planning in the selection process.
D.   every person in the target population who is encountered is selected.
E.   the poll is unscientific.

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