A.   white and male.

B.   evenly divided between men and women.

C.   representative of the general public.

D.   Roman Catholics.

E.   younger than the candidates elected in the 1800s.

A.   the total spending in the 2012 Presidential election cycle was less than $100 million.

B.   candidates spend more money running for the House of Representatives than the Senate.

C.   there is a connection between money and elections.

D.   all of the above.

A.   were less important in the 2012 elections than in previous election years.

B.   were banned in 2002.

C.   are unregulated funds that may be spent on advertising or other campaign activities so long as those expenditures are not coordinated with any candidate’s campaign operations. 

D.   must be coordinated with a candidate’s campaign.

E.   can only be employed by political parties.

A.   Corporations make contributions directly to candidates for political office.

B.   Interest groups funnel PAC money to candidates they think can do the most good for them.

C.   The amount of PAC money spent on elections has lessened in recent years.

D.   The Supreme Court ruling in Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission led to strict spending limits on corporations.

A.   all people can vote for either party’s candidates.

B.   people can vote in the primary even if they are independents.

C.   party leaders meet to choose the candidates.

D.   candidates from both parties are on the same ballot.

E.   only members of the political party selecting nominees may vote.

A.   elites within the political parties are entrusted with making the determination of an appropriate candidate based upon electability.

B.   most delegates arrive undecided as to who they would like to see as the party’s candidate.

C.   the delegates from those states that had early primaries and caucuses are seated closest to the front of the convention center.

D.   the presidential candidate is chosen by the party delegates.

E.   it usually take three ballots for the party to choose the presidential candidate.

A.   changes every four years.

B.   is the same so as to ensure that each state plays an equal role in selecting the president of the United States.

C.   cannot exceed fifty members.

D.   cannot be changed without a Constitutional amendment.

E.   is determined by adding the number of representatives and the number of senators a state has in Congress.

A.   Hispanics

B.   The poor and homeless

C.   People under the age of sixty-five

D.   Very young voters aged eighteen to twenty-four

E.   Wealthier people

A.   has been expanded since the writing of the Constitution.

B.   can never be taken away.

C.   has not been extended to those without property.

D.   is taken away if one doesn’t vote in five elections.

E.   has been given to aliens as long as they are registered to vote.

A.   An elevated sense of personal confidence

B.   A higher sense of political efficacy

C.   Episodic framing

D.   Thematic framing

A.   members.

B.   delegates.

C.   trustees.

D.   representatives.

E.   constituents.

A.   enforcing laws.

B.   judging whether laws are constitutional.

C.   using the impeachment power.

D.   lawmaking.

E.   investigating other branches of government through oversight.

A.   supporting his or her political party.

B.   primarily representing the wishes of his or her constituents.

C.   supporting the president on all of his legislative programs.

D.   representing the broad interests of the entire society.

E.   representing other members of Congress.

A.   reviews the actions of subcommittees.

B.   supervises the activity of the judicial branch.

C.   passes legislation.

D.   reviews and monitors other bodies such as the executive branch.

E.   chooses its leadership.

A.   decisions of the Supreme Court concerning the powers of Congress.

B.   broad grants of power given to the executive branch.

C.   part of the elastic clause in the Constitution.

D.   powers that are specifically given to Congress in the Constitution.

E.   powers that allow the president to take quick action.

A.   an attempt to prevent the passage of a bill through the use of unlimited debate.

B.   a method used by the Speaker of the House to promote the majority party’s legislation.

C.   a technique that is unique to the House.

D.   used in the House to force a standing committee to release a bill.

E.   an attempt to persuade others to vote for a particular bill in return for a favor at a later date.

A.   personal appearances with constituents.

B.   changing one’s political party.

C.   using the mass media.

D.   presenting oneself as being informed and experienced.

E.   pointing to things the candidate has done while in office.

A.   normally a bipartisan exercise.

B.   the redrawing of district boundaries within each state to ensure equal district populations.

C.   altering a legislative formula that apportions spending among the states.

D.   a court order to hold new elections because of voting irregularities.

E.   the process by which seats in the House are distributed among the fifty states based on population data from the U.S. Census Bureau.

A.   president of the House.

B.   chief whip.

C.   majority leader.

D.   Speaker of the House.

E.   president pro tempore.

A.   speaker of the Senate.

B.   president pro tempore of the Senate.

C.   president of the Senate.

D.   Senate majority leader.

E.   senator designate selected by the president.

A.   thirty-five years.

B.   thirty years.

C.   forty years.

D.   twenty-five years.

E.   forty-five years.

A.   Older and from western states

B.   California natives

C.   Primarily Catholics and Jews

D.   White, male Protestants

E.   Military commanders from the South

A.   candidate who receives a plurality of the popular vote is elected.

B.   election is decided in the House of Representatives via state delegations.

C.   electors cast a second ballot to determine who will be elected.

D.   current president serves two more years and another general election is held.

E.   none of the above

A.   oversee actions of state governments.

B.   enforce laws, treaties, and court orders.

C.   honor pronouncements of the United Nations.

D.   submit a balanced budget to Congress.

E.   inform Congress prior to any military action.

A.   the ultimate decision maker in military matters.

B.   allowed to make military decisions, but only with the approval of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.

C.   not responsible for military decisions.

D.   obligated to sit on the Board of Regents for the military, naval, and air force academies.

E.   only a symbolic leader of the military.