A.   younger than the candidates elected in the 1800s.

B.   evenly divided between men and women.

C.   white and male.

D.   Roman Catholics.

E.   representative of the general public.

A.   there is a connection between money and elections.

B.   candidates spend more money running for the House of Representatives than the Senate.

C.   the total spending in the 2012 Presidential election cycle was less than $100 million.

D.   all of the above.

A.   were banned in 2002.

B.   can only be employed by political parties.

C.   are unregulated funds that may be spent on advertising or other campaign activities so long as those expenditures are not coordinated with any candidate’s campaign operations. 

D.   were less important in the 2012 elections than in previous election years.

E.   must be coordinated with a candidate’s campaign.

A.   The Supreme Court ruling in Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission led to strict spending limits on corporations.

B.   Interest groups funnel PAC money to candidates they think can do the most good for them.

C.   The amount of PAC money spent on elections has lessened in recent years.

D.   Corporations make contributions directly to candidates for political office.

A.   all people can vote for either party’s candidates.

B.   people can vote in the primary even if they are independents.

C.   only members of the political party selecting nominees may vote.

D.   party leaders meet to choose the candidates.

E.   candidates from both parties are on the same ballot.

A.   elites within the political parties are entrusted with making the determination of an appropriate candidate based upon electability.

B.   most delegates arrive undecided as to who they would like to see as the party’s candidate.

C.   it usually take three ballots for the party to choose the presidential candidate.

D.   the delegates from those states that had early primaries and caucuses are seated closest to the front of the convention center.

E.   the presidential candidate is chosen by the party delegates.

A.   is determined by adding the number of representatives and the number of senators a state has in Congress.

B.   cannot be changed without a Constitutional amendment.

C.   cannot exceed fifty members.

D.   changes every four years.

E.   is the same so as to ensure that each state plays an equal role in selecting the president of the United States.

A.   The poor and homeless

B.   Hispanics

C.   People under the age of sixty-five

D.   Wealthier people

E.   Very young voters aged eighteen to twenty-four

A.   has not been extended to those without property.

B.   has been expanded since the writing of the Constitution.

C.   can never be taken away.

D.   has been given to aliens as long as they are registered to vote.

E.   is taken away if one doesn’t vote in five elections.

A.   An elevated sense of personal confidence

B.   A higher sense of political efficacy

C.   Episodic framing

D.   Thematic framing

A.   members.

B.   representatives.

C.   delegates.

D.   constituents.

E.   trustees.

A.   enforcing laws.

B.   lawmaking.

C.   using the impeachment power.

D.   investigating other branches of government through oversight.

E.   judging whether laws are constitutional.

A.   supporting his or her political party.

B.   supporting the president on all of his legislative programs.

C.   primarily representing the wishes of his or her constituents.

D.   representing the broad interests of the entire society.

E.   representing other members of Congress.

A.   supervises the activity of the judicial branch.

B.   passes legislation.

C.   reviews the actions of subcommittees.

D.   reviews and monitors other bodies such as the executive branch.

E.   chooses its leadership.

A.   powers that are specifically given to Congress in the Constitution.

B.   broad grants of power given to the executive branch.

C.   powers that allow the president to take quick action.

D.   decisions of the Supreme Court concerning the powers of Congress.

E.   part of the elastic clause in the Constitution.

A.   a technique that is unique to the House.

B.   an attempt to prevent the passage of a bill through the use of unlimited debate.

C.   used in the House to force a standing committee to release a bill.

D.   an attempt to persuade others to vote for a particular bill in return for a favor at a later date.

E.   a method used by the Speaker of the House to promote the majority party’s legislation.

A.   personal appearances with constituents.

B.   pointing to things the candidate has done while in office.

C.   using the mass media.

D.   changing one’s political party.

E.   presenting oneself as being informed and experienced.

A.   normally a bipartisan exercise.

B.   the redrawing of district boundaries within each state to ensure equal district populations.

C.   the process by which seats in the House are distributed among the fifty states based on population data from the U.S. Census Bureau.

D.   altering a legislative formula that apportions spending among the states.

E.   a court order to hold new elections because of voting irregularities.

A.   chief whip.

B.   majority leader.

C.   president of the House.

D.   president pro tempore.

E.   Speaker of the House.

A.   Senate majority leader.

B.   president of the Senate.

C.   senator designate selected by the president.

D.   speaker of the Senate.

E.   president pro tempore of the Senate.

A.   thirty-five years.

B.   thirty years.

C.   forty-five years.

D.   twenty-five years.

E.   forty years.

A.   Older and from western states

B.   White, male Protestants

C.   Primarily Catholics and Jews

D.   Military commanders from the South

E.   California natives

A.   current president serves two more years and another general election is held.

B.   electors cast a second ballot to determine who will be elected.

C.   election is decided in the House of Representatives via state delegations.

D.   candidate who receives a plurality of the popular vote is elected.

E.   none of the above

A.   enforce laws, treaties, and court orders.

B.   inform Congress prior to any military action.

C.   honor pronouncements of the United Nations.

D.   oversee actions of state governments.

E.   submit a balanced budget to Congress.

A.   not responsible for military decisions.

B.   allowed to make military decisions, but only with the approval of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.

C.   obligated to sit on the Board of Regents for the military, naval, and air force academies.

D.   only a symbolic leader of the military.

E.   the ultimate decision maker in military matters.