Microbiology 290 - Microbiology » Spring 2022 » Week 1-1

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Question #1
What was Leeuwenhoek's contribution to the science of microbiology?
A.   He discovered some of the ways in which microbes can be transmitted between individuals.
B.   He was the first to observe live microorganisms through a microscope.
C.   He developed the vaccine for smallpox.
D.   He did experiments supporting the idea of spontaneous generation.
Question #2
How are the bacteria and the archaea different from all the other cellular microbes?
A.   They can move.
B.   They have no nucleus.
C.   They reproduce asexually.
D.   They have cell walls.
Question #3
A microorganism has the following characteristics: eukaryotic, multicellular, has cell walls, and grows in long filaments. What is its general classification?
A.   protozoan
B.   bacterium
C.   parasitic worm
D.   fungus
Question #4
You have isolated microorganisms that are green, photosynthetic, have a cell wall, and do NOT possess a nucleus. These organisms are __________.
A.   archaea
B.   bacteria
C.   fungi
D.   algae
Question #5
Which of the following is NOT an example of a fungus?
A.   yeasts
B.   molds
C.   algae
D.   mushrooms
Question #6
Which of the following is a true statement concerning bacteria and archaea?
A.   While some bacteria are pathogenic to humans, no archaea are known to cause human diseases.
B.   Bacteria and archaea have identical types of cell walls.
C.   Bacteria are found only in extreme environments.
D.   Bacteria reproduce asexually, while archaea reproduce sexually.
Question #7
Bacteriology (bacteria) Protozoology (protozoa) Mycology (fungi) Parasitology (protozoa and animals) Phycology (algae)
A.   Linnaeus
B.   Leeuwenhoek
C.   Semmelweis; Snow
Question #8
Taxonomy
A.   Leeuwenhoek
B.   Linnaeus
C.   Semmelweis; Snow
Question #9
Infection control Epidemiology
A.   Semmelweis; Snow
B.   Leeuwenhoek
C.   Linnaeus
Question #10
Industrial microbiology, Food and beverage technology
A.   Buchner
B.   Pasteur
C.   Koch
Question #11
Microbial metabolism, Genetics, Genetic engineering
A.   Buchner
B.   Gram
C.   Ivanovsky
Question #12
Etiology
A.   Ivanovsky
B.   Beijerinck; Winogradsky
C.   Koch
Question #13
Virology
A.   Pasteur
B.   Ivanovsky
C.   Buchner
Question #14
Environmental microbiology , Ecological microbiology
A.   Buchner
B.   Koch
C.   Beijerinck; Winogradsky
Question #15
Microbial morphology
A.   Buchner
B.   Pasteur
C.   Gram
Question #16
Antiseptic medical techniques, Hospital microbiology
A.   Ehrlich
B.   Jenner; von Behring; Kitasato
C.   Lister; Nightingale
Question #17
Serology Immunology
A.   Jenner; von Behring; Kitasato
B.   Fleming
C.   Ehrlich
Question #18
Chemotherapy
A.   Ehrlich
B.   Jenner; von Behring; Kitasato
C.   Lister; Nightingale
Question #19
Pharmaceutical microbiology
A.   Jenner; von Behring; Kitasato
B.   Fleming
C.   Ehrlich
Question #20
All of the following individuals showed that cleanliness played a role in human disease EXCEPT __________.
A.   Lister
B.   Jenner
C.   Semmelweis
D.   Nightingale
Question #21
Koch's work involving anthrax was significant because it was the first time __________.
A.   bacteria had been seen in a microscope
B.   anthrax had been discovered in humans
C.   a bacterium had been proven to cause a disease
Question #22
Whose experiments supported the existence of a "life force"?
A.   Pasteur
B.   Redi
C.   Spallanzani
D.   Needham
Question #23
Put the following steps of Koch's postulates in order: a. The suspected infectious agent must be isolated and grown outside the host. b. The suspected infectious agent causes the disease when it is introduced to a healthy, experimental host. c. The suspected infectious agent must be found in every case of the disease. d. The suspected infectious agent must be found in the diseased experimental host.
A.   a, d, c, b
B.   c, a, b, d
C.   c, b, a, d
D.   d, b, c, a
Question #24
What is the vector for transmission of yellow fever?
A.   swamp gas
B.   slaves from Haiti
C.   rain
D.   Aedes aegypti mosquitoes
Question #25
Which of the following is NOT a growing area of microbial study?
A.   ultraminiature technology
B.   methods of disease transmission
C.   reducing antimicrobial resistance
D.   communication within biofilms
Question #26
Which field of microbiology involves the study of microorganisms in their natural habitats?
A.   recombinant DNA technology
B.   environmental microbiology
C.   molecular biology
D.   microbial genetics
Question #27
Which of the following techniques could be used to produce a yeast capable of making viral proteins?
A.   recombinant DNA technology
B.   bioremediation
C.   genome sequencing
Question #28
Which of the following fields of modern microbiology is NOT directly concerned with the genetic characteristics of a cell?
A.   recombinant DNA technology
B.   gene therapy
C.   bioremediation
Question #29
One of the first set of experiments to refute spontaneous generation was done in 1688 by Francesco Redi. Which of the following statements regarding Francesco Redi’s experiments is true?
A.   His experiments demonstrated that oxygen is essential to all life.
B.   The results of his experiment demonstrated that living organisms are derived from other living organisms.
C.   He determined that material from an infectious agent taken from one person could be used to stimulate immunity in another person.
D.   His experiments determined a series of conditions that must be satisfied in determining the causative agent of disease.
Question #30
In 1861, Pasteur conducted his now-famous experiments using flasks with long necks bent into an S-shape. Imagine that you are a scientist working in Pasteur’s lab at this time. You decide to tip the flasks so that broth enters the long S-shaped neck. You then return the flask to its upright position. Predict the most likely outcome of tipping one of Pasteur’s S-necked flasks.
A.   Since the broth had been heated (effectively sterilizing it), no microbes would grow in the broth.  
B.   Microbes would grow in the broth because the tipping would introduce the oxygen necessary for microbial growth.  
C.   The broth would remain uncontaminated because no microbes could enter the long S-shaped neck of the flask.  
D.   The broth would become contaminated with microbes because they were trapped in the neck.  
Question #31
S. aureus has been isolated from George’s infected wound. To satisfy Koch’s postulates, what would George’s doctor need to do with the isolated S. aureus?
A.   Compare the DNA sequence of the strain of S. aureus isolated from George to other S. aureus strains to see whether it has been isolated from other similar infections.  
B.   Inject the S. aureus into an animal, observe whether the animal gets an infection similar to George’s, and isolate the same strain of S. aureus from the infection.  
C.   Inject the S. aureus strain into an animal and see whether it develops the same type of infection that George has.  
D.   Inject the S. aureus into an animal; if the animal develops the same infection, isolate the infectious material from the animal and test its ability to vaccinate another animal.
Question #32
Which of the following are limitations of antibiotics?
A.   The cost of producing antibiotics is high, which in turn leads to higher prices for consumers. Mass production of antibiotics is extremely difficult.
B.   The cost of producing antibiotics is high, which in turn leads to higher prices for consumers. Treatment with antibiotics can lead to the emergence of resistant strains. Mass production of antibiotics is extremely difficult.
C.   Antibiotics may be toxic. Antibiotics are not effective in treating viral infections. Treatment with antibiotics can lead to the emergence of resistant strains.
Question #33
Further characterization of the S. aureus isolated from George’s wound reveals that the strain is MRSA. Why is George’s doctor concerned that MRSA has been identified as the causative agent of George’s infection?
A.   The available treatment options are quite aggressive, including removal of damaged tissue in an effort to contain the infection.
B.   MRSA is not typically associated with the type of infection that George has.
C.   There are no effective antibiotic options for treating MRSA.  
D.   MRSA is transmissible.    
Question #34
Have cell walls that contain peptidoglycan
A.   Fungi
B.   Bacteria
C.   Viruses
D.   Archaea
Question #35
Derive nutrition from organic or inorganic sources or conduct photosynthesis
A.   Archaea
B.   Viruses
C.   Bacteria
D.   Fungi
Question #36
Found in extreme environments
A.   Viruses
B.   Archaea
C.   Fungi
D.   Bacteria
Question #37
Not typically associated with human disease
A.   Viruses
B.   Fungi
C.   Archaea
D.   Bacteria
Question #38
Eukaryotic
A.   Fungi
B.   Archaea
C.   Viruses
D.   Bacteria
Question #39
Can be unicellular or multicellular
A.   Viruses
B.   Fungi
C.   Archaea
D.   Bacteria
Question #40
Can be seen only with an electron microscope
A.   Bacteria
B.   Fungi
C.   Viruses
D.   Archaea
Question #41
Cannot reproduce outside a host cell
A.   Fungi
B.   Archaea
C.   Bacteria
D.   Viruses

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