Ocean 115 - Introduction to Oceanography » Winter 2022 » Week 1 Post-reading Quiz
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Question #1
The water for Earth’s ocean originated from __________.
A.
Volcanic activitiy and comets
B.
The sun
C.
Other planets
D.
Volcanic activity and other planets
E.
Solar nebulae
Question #2
The process by which stars form helium atoms from hydrogen is _______.
A.
Condensation
B.
Compression
C.
Density Stratification
D.
Nuclear fusion
E.
Accretion
Question #3
Earth’s early atmosphere contained high concentrations of ____.
A.
Methane and ammonia
B.
Oxygen and nitrogen
C.
Carbon dioxide, water vapor and nitrogen
D.
Oxygen and methane
E.
Carbon dioxide and oxygen
Question #4
What had the most influence in irreversibly changing Earth's atmosphere?
A.
Formation of carbonic acid in the ocean
B.
Fluctuation in cosmic ray
C.
Production of oxygen from photosythesizing cyanobacteria
D.
Chemcial break up of water vapor by sunlight
E.
Anaerobic respiration by deep sea organisms
Question #5
Which extreme environment may have favored the origin of life on Earth?
A.
Rainforest sediments
B.
Polar sea ice
C.
Dry mountain rocky outcrops
D.
Hydrothermal vents
E.
Estuarine bays
Question #6
Which condition is necessary for a planet to have a permanent liquid ocean?
A.
Irregular orbit
B.
Toxic atmosphere
C.
Low gravity
D.
Double sun
E.
Optimum distance from star
Question #7
Through gravitational compression, Earth’s layers were formed by the process of ____.
A.
Condensation
B.
Accretion
C.
Plate Tectonics
D.
Subduction
E.
Density Stratification
Question #8
What could ultimately be linked to the present absence of water on Mars?
A.
The presence of a strong magnetic field
B.
Large decrease in atmospheric carbon dioxide
C.
Proximity of the sun
D.
Excess atmospheric carbon dioxide
E.
Lack of free oxygen in the atmosphere
Question #9
The dependence of all living cells on ____ to survive strongly suggests that simple, living molecules originated in the ocean.
A.
Carbon dioxide
B.
Methane
C.
Fresh water
D.
Oxygen
E.
Saline water
Question #10
If there is a three hour difference between "clock" noon and "shaft" noon, how many degrees west are you from your point of origin? Assume one rotation of 360°/24 hours = 15°/hour.
A.
90 degrees
B.
30 degrees
C.
15 degrees
D.
180 degrees
E.
45 degrees
Question #11
Which option lists the three forces that cause the plates to move?
A.
Conduction, Convection and Radiative
B.
Centripetal, Centrifugal and Convection currents
C.
Convergence, Divergence and Transformative
D.
Convection in the mantle, slab pull and ridge push
Question #12
Which concept describes early Earth as separated into layers by gravity, with each deeper layer denser than the layer above?
A.
Density stratification
B.
Tectonic Theory
C.
Seismology
D.
Continental Drift
Question #13
As mountains erode, how will isostatic forces cause Earth's crust beneath the mountain to behave?
A.
Stay the same
B.
Rise
C.
Sink
D.
Spread out
Question #14
Oceanographers and seismologists further explored the theory of continental drift during the early- to mid-twentieth century by correlating patterns of earthquakes and ____.
A.
Volcanoes
B.
Tectonic plates
C.
Convection currents
D.
E.
Isostatic equilibrium
Question #15
Where is the youngest seafloor found?
A.
This is a trick questions. All the seafloor is the same age.
B.
Not enough information to tell
C.
At continental marrgins where the seafllor abuts the continent
D.
At mid-ocean ridges
Question #16
The compressional movement of plate boundaries, such as observed at the Juan De Fuca plate, is representative of which type of boundary?
A.
Divergent
B.
Transform
C.
Convergent
D.
Spreading center
Question #17
At what type of Plate Boundary do earthquakes occur at multiple depths: shallow, intermediate and sometimes also deep?
A.
Transform
B.
Subduction zones
C.
Divergent
D.
Mid-ocean ridges
Question #18
Which landscape is an example of a divergent boundary?
A.
Cascade Mountains
B.
Mid-Atlantic Ridge
C.
Aleutian Islands
D.
San Andreas
Question #19
The lateral movement at transform boundaries causes what type of force?
A.
Shear
B.
Compression
C.
Extension
D.
Torque
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